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OS II > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the locations of ilium, ischium, and pubis

A

Ilium: superior
Ischium: inferior and posterior
Pubis: inferior and anterior

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2
Q

What is the difference between a true and accessory ligament

A

True: bone to bone
Accessory: bone to another ligament

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3
Q

Where does the iliolumbar ligament run?

A

From ilia to 5th lumbar vertebra

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4
Q

Where does the sacrospinous ligament run?

A

From sacrum to spine of ischium

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5
Q

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament run?

A

From sacrum to ischial tuberosity

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6
Q

What is the function of the iliolumbar ligament

A

Stabilizes L5; restricts anterior and rotary motion of L5

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7
Q

What ligament is part of the coccygeus m?

A

Sacrospinous

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8
Q

What muscle attaches to the sacrotuberous m?

A

Gluteus Maximus and tendon of biceps femoris

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9
Q

What are the parts of the sacroiliac ligament?

A

Anterior: 3rd sacral segment to lateral preauricular surface
Interosseous: between upper parts of the joint
Dorsal: lateral sacral crest to PSIS and iliac crest

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10
Q

What kind of joint is pubic symphysis

A

Secondary cartilaginous; fibrocartilage

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11
Q

What are the major hip flexors

A

Iliacus (ala to lesser trochanter) and psoas (5th vertebrae to lesser trochanter) (minor: rectus femoris and sartorius)

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12
Q

What are the hip extensors?

A

Hamstrings and gluteus Maximus

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13
Q

Where do the adductors attach?

A

Pubic ramus and medial aspect of femur

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14
Q

What do adductors limit

A

Lateral movement of pelvis

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15
Q

What are the abductors?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus (attach to ilium and greater trochanter) and tensor fascia latae

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16
Q

What are the external rotators?

A

Obturator internus/externus, piriformis, gemellus superior and inferior, quadratus femoris

17
Q

Where do the external rotators attach

A

Greater trochanter

18
Q

When is the function of the piriformis an internal rotator vs external

A

Internal: when flexed
External: when extended

19
Q

What is the only rotator that attaches directly to the sacrum

A

Piriformis

20
Q

Where does the dura attach to the sacrum

A

2nd sacral segment

21
Q

What kind of joint is the SI joint

A

Diarthrodial; unlike other joints because has hyaline and fibrocartilage

22
Q

When is the long dorsal SI ligament stretched

A

Backward torsions, extensions, pregnancy

23
Q

What do the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments prevent

A

Limit posterior and superior rotation of the sacral apex around the transverse axis

24
Q

What is the “self-locking mechanism”

A

Form closure: shape and characteristics of SI joint resist shear
Force closure: compression produced by body weight, muscle, and ligament force prevents shear

25
Q

Which postural m affect the stability of the sacrum?

A

Anterior: obliques, transversus abdominis, linea alba
Posterior: latissimus dorsi, gluteus Maximus, ITB

26
Q

What is the superior transverse axis

A

Respiratory (posterior to S2)

27
Q

What is the middle transverse axis?

A

Sitting and standing; anterior to S2

28
Q

What is the inferior transverse axis?

A

Movement of ilia on sacrum; through S3 (inferior articular surface)

29
Q

What kind of movement does nutation produce in the sacrum

A

Flexion

30
Q

What does rotation of the lumbar spine cause the sacrum to do?

A

Rotate towards same side, side bend away

31
Q

What are two major contraindications to HVLA

A

Down syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis

32
Q

What are the static tests for sacrum diagnostics

A

ILA, sulcus, L5 rotation, 4 digit exam

33
Q

What does a seated flexion test tell you about a unilateral dysfunction

A

Positive on side of dysfunction

34
Q

Dysfunctions along what axis will have bilateral findings

A

Middle transverse

35
Q

Dysfunctions on a vertical axis will have what findings?

A

Deep sulcus on same side as posterior ILA

36
Q

A flexed sacrum is a ______ L5 dysfunction

A

Neutral; extended is non-neutral

OS II (1 decks)

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