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Cobol > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Sequential Diagrams

A

Flowchart - diagram of actions including individual actions and decision points

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2
Q

Decomposition Diagrams

A

function chart, hierarchy charts. overall function, process involved and activities, tasks. Describes the function breakdown or decomposition of a higher level.

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3
Q

IPO/HIPO Chart

A

Input, Processing, Output

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4
Q

Steps in program Development

A

DODTCR - Define, Outline, Develop, Test, Code, Run

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5
Q

Source code

A

Written by programmer

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6
Q

Object version

A

machine code that is native to the machine

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7
Q

Compiler

A

translates source code to object code

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8
Q

Maintenance Criteria

A

UMPTREU - Understandable, Modifiable, Portable, Testable, Reliable, Efficient, Usable.

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9
Q

Structure chart purpose

A

function, process, activities, tasks

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10
Q

Cohesin

A

refers to internal content of module, one simple piece of work, controls subordinate modules or one simple piece of work

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11
Q

Coupling

A

relationship between modules. Can be isolated in relation to other modules, relationship to other modules is only through data reference

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12
Q

4 Divisions

A

Identification, Environment, Data, Procedure

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13
Q

Identification division

A

mandatory entries: program-id, Environment division, Data division, Procedure division

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14
Q

Environment division

A

establishes the working environment for the program

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15
Q

Data division

A

defines and describes the file, record and field structure to be used in program

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16
Q

Procedure division

A

contains all executable instructions for: input, output, data manipulation, arithmetic operations, conditional operations, stop run

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17
Q

Division structure

A

division, sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses

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18
Q

Configuration section

A

option for documentation

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19
Q

input-output section

A

required if external file is used as input/output. used to identify the files used in the program, references filename in program to file referenced by OS. Select statement used to identify name of file in program, assign statement used to identify and reference the name through the OS.

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20
Q

file types can be:

A

line sequential, indexed or relative, filetype is the organization clause

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21
Q

File section

A

describes file, record and field structures for input and output files through file description paragraph(FD).

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22
Q

Working storage section

A

other record and field structures not directly associated with a file. Working fields, flags, accumulation fields, counters. Also used to describe output (print) lines when more than one type of print line is required.

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23
Q

Screen section

A

declare full screen formats for input or output

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24
Q

Elementary items

A

lowest level of data definition, always have PICTURE clause, highest level number

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25
Q

group items

A

composed of elementary items or group items, no PICTURE clause, size is = total elementary/ group items contained

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26
Q

types of PIC

A

Numeric PIC 9
Alphabetic PIC A
Alphanumeric PIC X

27
Q

MOVE

A

move data from one field to another. Must be used with compatible fields

28
Q

PERFORM

A

used to execute specific portions of code

29
Q

READ

A

used to bring in data/records from external file

30
Q

WRITE

A

used to output data/records to external file. You write a record, not file

31
Q

OPEN

A

make file accessible for either input or output

32
Q

CLOSE

A

close an external file once processing is complete

33
Q

STOP RUN

A

terminates execution of program

34
Q

Do files have to be open before being read or written to

A

yes

35
Q

sequential files

A

can be input or output NOT BOTH. Records physically ordered one after another

36
Q

numeric field move to numeric field, receiving field will pad which side with zeros

A

left most position

37
Q

where will alphabetic or alphanumeric fields be padded

A

the right most position

38
Q

is numeric to alphanumeric moves valid

A

only if integer

39
Q

does numeric data have a decimal point or assumed decimal point

A

assumed decimal point

40
Q

does V consume a byte

A

no

41
Q

movement of data in numeric fields

A

right to left before (V), left to right after (V), v is aligned with sending field

42
Q

TO

A

adds to field, included in arithmetic expression

43
Q

GIVING

A

gives result in field, not included in arithmetic expression

44
Q

ROUNDED

A

allows rounding to lowest order byte of declared field where the result will be stored

45
Q

**

A

exponent

46
Q

ON SIZE ERROR

A

flag whether the result is too large for target field to handle. If error occurs – subordinate statement will be preformed

47
Q

Fields involved in arithmetic expressions

A

must not be edited fields, must be examined for zero, large enough to handle results, need to have a sign noted if positive and negative values are expected

48
Q

Signed field

A

character S in picture field denotes signed numeric value, S does not consume a byte. Allows output editing with + or -, recognition of positive and negative values from calculations or input.

49
Q

Editing fields

A

only with printed output record structures. Cannot be moved to non-edited fields. Cannot be used in arithmetic instructions. Difference between numeric and edited numeric field

50
Q

$

A

doesn’t move, change position on output, occupies 1 byte. Ex pic $9999 = $1234. Moves to fill the least significant zero. Ex. Pic $$$9 – value in= 0034 value out = bb$34. B=blank

51
Q

.

A

decimal point, lines up with assumed decimal position (V). decimal values move left to right, int move right to left

52
Q

,

A

comma, consumes a byte.

53
Q

*

A

asterisk, replaces all leading zeros and insignificant edit characters such as commas.

54
Q

Z

A

Blanks all leading zeros.

55
Q

+ and -

A

can be fixed (after, placed in least significant position) or floating (before).

56
Q

CR and DB

A

used to indicated negative value, print if field is negative otherwise print two blank spaces. Consume 2 bite positions.

57
Q

relational operator

A

expresses the comparison or test to be made between to operands (ex. >, =,

58
Q

hierarchy for conditional statements

A

brackets, relation conditions, NOT, AND, OR

59
Q

AFTER/BEFORE ADVANCING PAGE

A

allows for carriage control

60
Q

ADVANCING .. LINE

A

must be numeric constant or numeric value

61
Q

INITIALIZE IDENTIFIER

A

identifier can be a group or elementary item. Sets items to default values

62
Q

REPLACING

A

specify type of field and replacing value

63
Q

ACCEPT

A

allows for data to be entered at the keyboard.

64
Q

DISPLAY

A

display field name or literal on screen.

Cobol (1 decks)

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