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POLY SCI 100 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Polis

A

A Greek origin of a self governing city surrounded by agricultural land. Means politics, politician, policy, and police

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2
Q

Civitas

A

Roman origin but later became Latin meaning citizen

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3
Q

Politics

A

The process which people make collective decisions

  • disagreements and reconciliation
  • the art of Compromise due to conflict resolution between many people with different opinions
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4
Q

Coalitions

A

The joining of two or more parties during a conflict of interest with other parties

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5
Q

Three main kinds of coalitions

A
  • personal relationships (pm and caucus members)
  • formal alliances (NATO)
  • less formal/mass politics (political parties and the public)
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6
Q

Power

A

The ability to control and manipulate ones environments and everything in it

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7
Q

Three forms of political power

A
  • influence
  • authority
  • coercion
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8
Q

Influence

A

The ability to persuade others to do your will, to convince them to want what you want them to do

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9
Q

Authority

A

The form of power in which people obey commands bc they respect the source of the command

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10
Q

Coercion

A

Is the deliberate subjection of ones will to another through fear of harm or consequences

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11
Q

Natural authority

A

Exists whenever one person spontaneously defers to the judgement of another person

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12
Q

Public authority

A

Exists whenever an office or position is deliberately created to the judgement of agreement to wield power

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13
Q

Legitimacy

A

Is the feeling of respect for authority that exists in those who obey. (Government power without legitimacy is only coercion or force)

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14
Q

Authority, legitimacy, obligation

A

Right of command, belief in rightness of command,and sense of duty

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15
Q

Three types of authority

A

Traditional, legal, charismatic

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16
Q

Traditional authority

A

Based on the inherited position, not chosen by others but rather passed down through family (monarch)

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17
Q

Legal authority

A

Stems from general rules which are binding on all participants in the system. Legally created offices with different people (pm/political party)

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18
Q

Charismatic authority

A

An influence and force towards someone with no reason

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19
Q

Levels of feudalism

A

Kings-nobles-knights-peasants

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20
Q

1688:

A

English revolution. England overthrew king James 2 and established a dominated Protestant constitutional monarchy

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21
Q

1775-1783

A

The American revolution establishing independence of the 13 North American colonies from Britain. Creating the republic of the United States of American

22
Q

1789

A

The French Revolution. Most influential. Is associated with the rise of the bourgeoisie and the down fall of aristocracy

23
Q

1946-1949

A

The Chinese communist revolution. Consolidation of power by the Chinese communist party

24
Q

Sovereignty

A

Comes from the Latin term super meaning above. Denotes one who is superior. The authority that overrides all authorities

25
Q

Forms of sovereignty

A

Personal, parliamentary, popular

26
Q

Personal

A

The right to exercise domestic rule free from interference by other sovereigns (monarch)

27
Q

Parliamentary sovereignty

A

The parliament may take or repeal whatever law it chooses. The executive authority of government symbolized by the crown. Can only be exercised by members of the parliament

28
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Laws should be made by the people meeting in direct democratic fashion, not by elective representatives to legislate them. Authority comes from the people and cannot be delegated

29
Q

The state

A

Exists when a sovereign power effectively rules over a population residing within the boundaries of a fixed territory

30
Q

A state is defined by its

A

Population, territory, and sovereignty

31
Q

Citizenship

A

A membership of a state

Historically only free men could be citizens. Not woman children or slaves

32
Q

Rights of citizens

A

Basic rights of residence, right to participate in politics.

33
Q

Obligation of citizens

A

Payment of taxes, military services, and obey the laws

34
Q

Jus Soli

A

Right of soil. Anyone born within the. Boundaries of the state automatically becomes a citizen.
(UK, France, US, Canada )

35
Q

Jus sanguinis

A

The right to blood. Meaning that only children of citizens acquire citizenship by birth

36
Q

The nation state

A

Used to emphasize the state is participatory. Is an association of citizens not just an organized system of power within a territory. A state with a predominant national identity

37
Q

Ethnic nations

A

Those in which the national identity depends primarily on objective factors of language, race,or religion

38
Q

Civic nation

A

Nations have an identity that depends on the acceptance of political order

39
Q

Types of nations/states

A

Nation-state, bi-nation state, multinational state(Canada)

40
Q

Constitutionalism

A

The belief that government is not the controlling force of society but an instrument within society. (Society is a limited state)

41
Q

The constitution

A

Stipulates which power will be exercised by which person or body and which powers will not be exercised by anyone

42
Q

A constitution

A

A set of fundamental rules and principles by which a state is organized (comprised of laws and customs as well as conventions)

43
Q

A convention

A

Is a practice or custom that is consistently followed by those in government even though it’s not legally required

44
Q

Functions of a constitution

A
  • Establish powers and responsibilities of legislative
  • executive and judicial branches of government
  • allocates powers to different levels if government (fed,prov,local)
  • enumerate the rights of citizens in relationship to each other and to the government(bill of rights)
  • stipulates procedures for amending the constitution
45
Q

Judicial interpretation

A

Whatever happens in formal amending procedures, the most important mechanism of constitution change in Canada. Is important for flushing out the divisions of power between federal and provincial

46
Q

Rule of law

A

People should not be subject to the unhindered discretion of others but that all should obey known, predictable, and impartial rules of conduct

47
Q

Discretion

A

The flexibility to decide something within the broader framework of rules

48
Q

Habit

A

A purely personal rule of conduct

49
Q

Custom

A

Habit gradually merges with custom as social forces come more into play

50
Q

Customary law

A

Arises gradually and cannot be traced to an identifiable moment in time.

POLY SCI 100 (1 decks)

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