Midterm Flashcards
Lief Erikson
established a viking colony in Newfoundland.
Portuguese explorers were driven to find a route around Africa in order to access the
spice markets of the East.
Bartolomeu Dias
The first to sail to the southern tip of Africa, discovering the Cape of Good Hope in the process.
Vasco da Gama
was the first to reach India via the southerly route around Africa.
Christopher Columbus
did not wish to prove once and for all that the earth was not flat.
Amerigo Vespucci
concluded after two voyages that the New World was a new continent and not the Indies. He was also the reason that Martin Waldseemuller used the name “America” when creating maps of the new continents.
The Treaty of Tordesillas
divided the world (in terms of colonies and trade routes) between Spain and Portugal.
This explorer searched for the fountain of youth in Florida.
Ponce de Leon
Hernando de Soto was the first European to see the
Mississippi River
The Grand Canyon and Great Plains were first visited by this Spanish explorer
Francisco de Coronado
It is estimated that millions of native Indians died during the Age of Discovery due to
disease
What was not true of the explorer John Cabot?
He held defeat the Spanish Armada in 1588.
What was then name of the sea route that linked the Atlantic and Pacific oceans?
The Northwest Passage
This explorer established a settlement at Quebec and is considered the Father of New France.
Samuel de Champlain
The first permanent English settlement in North America was
Jamestown
The Jamestown colony finally began to prosper with
the successful planting and export tobacco.
What is not true of the Indian princess Pocahontas?
She married John Smith shortly after saving his life.
The Virginia House of Burgesses
was the first English legislative assembly in the New World.
Indentured Servants
made up a large portion of the population of Virginia, usually were under contract for 3-7 years, and usually indentured themselves to a ship’s captain in return for passage across the Atlantic.
What was not true of the Plymouth colony?
They declared war on Chief Massasoit shortly after their arrival.
This Puritan leader sought to establish a “city upon a hill” to inspire people back in England.
John Winthrop.
Roger Williams established a colony based on religious freedom in
Rhode Island
Lord Baltimore founded the colony of Maryland as a safe haven for
Catholics
This monarch lost his head after the English Civil War
Charles I
What is not true of the Treaty of Breda?
The French were given control of Nova Scotia.
The English Quakers
believed in the equality of all people under God’s law, were often persecuted for their beliefs in England, settled in large numbers in Pennsylvania under their leader William Pennsylvania.
The colony of Carolina (later split between North and South)
had a very large slave population.
The colony of Georgia was founded by
James Oglethorpe
What was not true of the Glorious Revolution?
James II won the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.
What was not true of John Locke?
He wrote “Leviathan” which cited absolutist monarchy as the best form of government.
“The Wealth of Nations”, which endorsed laissez-faire capitalism, was written by
Adam Smith
King William’s War, Queen Anne’s War, and King George’s War primarily pitted
France against Britain
The Battle Quebec during the French and Indian (Seven Years’) War resulted in
a British victory
The Navigation Acts of the 1600s
- were designed to restrict foreign economic access to the American colonies.
- were designed to limit American manufacturing and keep the colonists dependent upon Britain.
- gave Britain great control over the economic trade of the colonies.
What was not true of the Stamp Act?
Despite its unpopularity, it raised millions of dollars for Britain and helped ease the debt crisis.
This Boston firebrand was the leader of the Sons of Liberty and an early “radical” leader in the Patriot cause.
Samuel Adams
The Declaratory Act
stated that the British Parliament had the right to make and enforce laws in the Colonies.
What was not true of the Boston Massacre?
It resulted in the death of more than 500 colonists.
The Boston Tea Party
- was carried out by the Sons of Liberty, who dumped valuable cargo of East India Company tea into the Boston Harbor.
- was a result of the colonists’ refusal to pay the British tax on tea.
The British Coercive (Intolerable) Acts
- were a reaction to the Boston Tea Party
- closed the port of Boston until the lost tea was paid for
- put Boston under de facto military occupation
“A Summary View of the Rights of British America” was written by
Thomas Jefferson
This battle marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War with an American victory as a British army was forced to retreat, under harassing fire, back to Boston.
Lexington and Concord
The Battle of Bunker Hill
resulted in a British victory, but at a horrendous cost in casualties
What was not true of the Second Continental Congress?
They formally declared war on Great Britain.
In 1775, King ____ declared the Colonies to be in a state of rebellion.
George III
The American Invasion of Canada resulted in
the defeat of both American armies involved in the campaign.
The American siege of Boston resulted in the evacuation of the British forces
after cannon, brought in an epic journey from Fort Ticonderoga by Henry Knox, were set up on hills south of the city.
“Common Sense”, written by ____ helped to push public opinion towards independence.
Thomas Paine (Pain - Common Sense)
What was not true of the Declaration of Independence?
It blamed the British Parliament for most of the injustices inflicted upon the American colonies.
