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Cultural Anthropology Memphis > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Four-field approach

A

Archaeology

Linguistics

Physical Anthropology

Cultural Anthopology

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2
Q

Society

A

A bunch of people in a group

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3
Q

Culture

A

A way of seeing the world differently than others

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4
Q

Subculture

A

Smaller group within a culture

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5
Q

Ethnography (what would we write)

A

A collection of written records of people that are being studied

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6
Q

Ethnographic record

A

One individual person’s story

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7
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Assuming your race is better than other races or assuming your way is automatically the correct way

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8
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Getting to know and understanding other cultures

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9
Q

Holism

A

Refers to considering the “whole”

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10
Q

Ethnography (what we do)

A

Something anthropologist do to have something to record

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11
Q

Fieldwork

A

Physical work for info on one culture. Going somewhere else to study and research a culture.

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12
Q

Participant observation

A

Anthropologist engaging in the culture

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13
Q

Ethnographic interview

A

A story from someone in the culture that is being studied

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14
Q

Etic

A

And the outsiders perspective using the concepts and categories of the researchers culture to describe another culture

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15
Q

Emic

A

An insider’s perspective using the concepts in categories of the culture understudy to describe cultural phenomena

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16
Q

Substance strategies

A

Meaning you have nothing more then what you need to live

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17
Q

Foraging

A

Hunting and gathering

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18
Q

Horticulture

A

Small scale gardening

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19
Q

Agriculture

A

Large scale farming

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20
Q

Pastoralism

A

Herding animals

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21
Q

Mercantilism

A

Surviving by making trades for goods

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22
Q

Industrialism

A

Manufacturing of goods for trades

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23
Q

Production

A

Gathering food and trading

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24
Q

Distribution

A

Reciprocity and redistribution.

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25
Q

Reciprocity

A

The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit, especially privileges granted by one country or organization to another.

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26
Q

Generalized reciprocity

A

Refers to the non-market exchange of goods or labor ranging from direct barter (immediate exchange) or two forms of gift exchange where a return is eventually expected (delayed exchange) as in the exchange a birthday gifts

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27
Q

Balanced reciprocity

A

I don’t know the difference between balanced and generalized

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28
Q

Negative reciprocity

A

Doesn’t care about the relationship in trading goods because they most likely will never see each other again

29
Q

Demand sharing

A

Look up

30
Q

Redistribution

A

Create and maintain social inequality through converting material wealth into social wealth. (Prestige)

31
Q

Prestige

A

More successful and or higher social status

32
Q

Market exchange

A

Market exchange has negative reciprocity because they don’t care about the relationship and trading goods because most likely they will never see them again

33
Q

Law of supply and demand

A

Products that are in high demand and lower quantities usually cost more than products that are not in high demand and have larger quantities.

34
Q

General-purpose money

A

I don’t know

35
Q

Consumption

A

What happens to distributed products, what we call ownership.

36
Q

Ownership

A

Goods and products that you have consumed

37
Q

Capital

A

Money + time

38
Q

Kin-based society

A

A small scale society including bloodline relatives and relative by marriage

39
Q

Kinship

A

Bloodline relatives (consanguineal) Relatives by marriage (Affinal)

40
Q

Consanguineal kin

A

Bloodline relatives

41
Q

Affinal kin

A

Relative by marriage

42
Q

Nuclear family (immediate)

A

Your mother, father and, any siblings

43
Q

Bilateral kinship systems

A

Kinship through mothers and fathers side of the family. (two sides)

44
Q

Unilineal kinship systems

A

Kinship through mothers or fathers side of the family. (only one side)

45
Q

Patrilineal

A

Considers kinship through father side of the family

46
Q

Matrilineal

A

Considers kinship through mother side of the family

47
Q

Direct line of descent

A

Downline of kinship

48
Q

Incest taboo

A

Any cultural rules or norm that prohibits sexual relations between closely related persons

49
Q

Parallel cousins

A

Cousins of your father’s brother or mother’s sister

50
Q

Cross cousins

A

Cousins through your father’s sister or mother’s brother

51
Q

Exogamy

A

Marriage outside of family

52
Q

Endogamy

A

Marriage inside of family

53
Q

(Serial) monogamy

A

Marriage to one spouse at a time but multiple times

54
Q

Polygyny

A

Many wives

55
Q

Polyandry

A

Many husbands

56
Q

Patrilocal

A

Newly married couple lives with husband’s family after wedding

57
Q

Matrilocal

A

Newly married couple lives with wife’s family after wedding

58
Q

Neolocal

A

Newly married couple finds a new place to live other than with family

59
Q

Bride wealth

A

Bride price

60
Q

Dowry

A

Property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their wedding day for the marriage

61
Q

Levirate

A

Look up

62
Q

Sororate

A

Look up

63
Q

Gender

A

Cultural interpretation of sex

64
Q

Sex

A

Male or female

65
Q

Gender role

A

What men and women do in society

66
Q

Gender stereotype

A

Who the society expects you to be as a man or woman

67
Q

Gender identity

A

The gender you think you are (transgendered or cisgendered)

68
Q

Sexual orientation

A

Who you are attracted to. (heterosexual or homosexual)

Cultural Anthropology Memphis (1 decks)

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