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Operative 1 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Goal of Restorative Dentistry

A

Carefully remove the diseased tissues in a precise manner and replace missing part with a restorative material

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2
Q

Dental Caries

A

Bacterial infections disease that attaches tooth structure

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3
Q

Cavity Preparation

A

Mechanical alteration to remove the diseased tooth structure

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4
Q

Direct Restoration

A

Dental material placed in a soft state directly in cavity preparation to restor contour before it sets hard

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5
Q

Indirect Restoration

A

A restoration fabricated outside the oral cavity then cemented or bonded to the tooth

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6
Q

Slow Speed Handpiece

A

Less than 12,000 RPM
No water coolants
Less efficient

Uses:
Controlled removal-deep caries excavation in close proximity to pulp
Cleaning external surface of teeth
Finishing and polishing procedures

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7
Q

High Speed

A

Greater than 200,000 RPM

Water coolants
Most cutting efficiency(less vibrations)

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8
Q

Straight Handpiece

A

Link shank typos bur/straight bur

Extraoral procedures; Finishing crowns

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9
Q

Latch end Burs

A

Larger in diameter than friction grip

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10
Q

Friction Grip Head

A

Uses friction grip type bur (smaller diameter and shorter shanks)

A) Friction generated from an internal spring (push button)
B) Special tool using force to overcome and generate friction (bur tool type)

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11
Q

3 Components of Bur

A

Head
Neck
Shank

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12
Q

Head of Bur

A

The working part of the instrument

Consists of either blades or abrasive particulate surfaces

Many shapes and sizes

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13
Q

of blades on excavating burs

A

6-8 blades

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14
Q

of blades on finishing burs

A

10-20

10-12 Red
16-20 Yellow
30 White

More blades=smoother finish

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15
Q

Carbide Blades

A

Tungsten carbide attached to steel neck and shank

Harder and stronger than stainless steel but brittle

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16
Q

Composition of Diamond Instrumnets

A

For abrasive cutting
Metal blank on which small diamond particles are held together within a softer matrix

Yellow-Superfine
Red
Blue-Medium
Green-Coarse
Black-Supercoarse

For extracoronal preps

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17
Q

330 Bur Specs

A

Length 1.5 mm
Taper 8 degrees
Diameter .8 mm

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18
Q

245 Bur Specs

A

Length 3 mm
Taper 4 degrees
Diameter .8 mm

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19
Q

Brittle Fracture

A

Brittle material fractures by crack formation upon tensile loading
Enamel is brittle
Abrasive cutting: more efficient with brittle materials (micro racks)

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20
Q

Ductile Fracture

A

Plastic deformation of the material by shearing

Bladed cutting more efficient with ductile material (deform then shear)

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21
Q

Teeth undergo what type of cutting

A

BOTH!

Brittle fracture and ductile fracture

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22
Q

What type of cutting do diamond burs do?

A

Abrasive cutting:
More efficient with brittle materials
Not efficient with ductile material (plastic deformation)

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23
Q

Blades Cuting

A

Cut by shearing layers of tooth structure

Intracoronal perparations

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24
Q

Rake Face

A

The surface that forms the chip

Surface of the blade towards the direction of cutting

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25
Q

Clearance Face

A

Surface that clears the chips away

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26
Q

Edge Angle

A

Between the rake and clearance surfaces

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27
Q

Rake Angle

A

Between the radial line and the rake face

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28
Q

Clearance angle

A

The angle that provides clearance between the cutting edge and the tooth structure

29
Q

Positive Rake Angle

A

When the radius is ahead of the rake face

Higher cutting efficiency

Larger chips produced

Chip space smaller. Clogging of chip space.

Always a chance to curve, fracture if material is not adequate

30
Q

Negative Rake Angle

A

When the rake face is ahead of the radius

Decreased cutting efficiency

Smaller chips are produced so no clogging

Cutting edge is less likely to fracture since carbide burs are brittle

31
Q

Purpose of Clearance angle

A

The angle that provides the clearance between the tooth structure and the cutting edge

Purpose: Prevents blade from rubbing on the tooth surface. Bigger the clearing angle= less the friction= dulling minimized= longer bur life

32
Q

Shape Designs

A

Straight
MonoAngled
Bin-angle
Triple angle

33
Q

Black’s Instrument Formula

A 
1= Wideth of the blade in tenth of a mm
2= Length of blade in mm
3= Angulation of the blade to the long axis (always less than 50)
34
Q

4 Number Instrument Formula

A

1=Width of blade
2=Primary cutting edge angle (greater than 50)
3=blade length
4=relative to long axis in centigrade

35
Q

Direct Cutting

A

Force applied is perpendicular to cutting edge
Hold the instrument parallel tot he wall being planed at all times
The cuttting edge in contact with the wall being planed

36
Q

Lateral Cutting

A

Indirect cutting/lateral cutting/scrapping: Force exerted is parallel to the cutting edge

Motion: from the beveled to the nonbeveled side

37
Q

Stages of Caries

A

Incipient (reversible
Small (enters DEJ)
Moderate
Extensive (reaches pulp)

38
Q

Pit and Fissure Caries

A

On the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, buccal and lingual of molars and lingual surfaces of maxillary anterior

39
Q

Smooth Surface Caries

A

On the surfaces that are pit and fissure free

40
Q

Root Surface Caries

A

More in elderly, follows an advanced gingival recession

41
Q

Class I

A

Pits and fissures of:
Occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars
Buccal or lingual pits/Fissures of the molars
Lingual Pit near the cingulum of the maxillary incisors

42
Q

Class II

A

INvolving the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars

43
Q

Class III

A

Proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of incisors and canines

44
Q

Class IV

A

Proximal surfaces of incisors and canines but also will involve the Incisal edge

45
Q

Class V

A

Gingival third of the facial or lingual surface of any tooth

46
Q

Class VI

A

Involve the Incisal edges of anterior teeth and the cusp tips of posterior teeth

Rare

47
Q

Fundamental Concepts for all preps (3)

A

1) removal of dental caries
2) removal of weak tooth structure to provide well supported hard tissue
3) pulp protection

48
Q

Healthy state is reestablishing:

A

1) tooth is not diseased anymore
2) Normal function and form
3) Esthetically pleasing where indicated

49
Q

Axial Walls

A

Parallel to the long axis

50
Q

Line Angle

A

Junction of two surfaces

51
Q

Point Angles

A

Junction of three surfaces

52
Q

Isthmus

A

Class I : narrowest portion of a cavity prep

Class II: A portion of the cavity connecting an occlusal portion and a proximal portion together

53
Q

Dovetail

A

Isthmus connects the 2 dovetails in class I. Design includes each marginal fossa and the developmental grooves around the marginal pits

54
Q

Cavosurface Margin

A

Junction between the external walls of the cavity preparation and the uncut tooth surface

55
Q

6 Basic Princples of Cavity Prep

A

1) Outline form
2) Resitance form
3) Retention form
4) Convience form
5) Finishing
6) Debridment

56
Q

Outline Form

A

Preparation shape in width and length and depth. Very dependent on caries shape and size and tooth conservation. Position of pit and fissures will dictate outline

57
Q

Factors governing outline form

A

Conservation of tooth structure
Location and extent of carious lesion
Position of pit and fissure dictate the outline

58
Q

Resistance Form

A

Design that will allow for the remaining tooth structure and restoration to withstand forces that are applied towards the long axis of the tooth

59
Q

Primary Resistance

A

1) Removal of undermined surface enamel
2) Flat Pultan floor and Cavity wall angulation
3) Cavity preparation and depth
4) We’ll defined rounded internal line angles
5) Type of restorative material

60
Q

Removal of Undermiend surface enamel

A

Cavosruface margin should not terminate on unsupported or undermined enamel to prevent its fracture

61
Q

Flat pulpal floor

A

Cup shaped cavity: Rotation of the restoration results in a wedging effect on the supporting dentin bridge

Box shaped: Pulpal floor perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth

62
Q

Cavity Preparation Depth

A

Adequate depth to provide enough thickness of amalgam to prevent its fracture under load

Minimum amalgam thickness to withstand forces 1.5 mm

63
Q

well defined rounded internal line and point angles

A

Placing line angles to delineate the walls
Shape line angles are not recommended in any restoration
Sharp line angles act as stress concentration areas

64
Q

Type of Restorative Material

A

Amalgams has a low edge strength.
80-90 degree angle at margin
Cavosurface making has to establish a 90 amalgam margin

65
Q

Retention Form

A

Design features of the cavity preparation that prevent dislodgment of the restoration by lifting or tipping forces

Amalgam does not bond to tooth structure thus increasing the surface area of the walls that contacts the amalgam

Making walls opposing walls parallel or slight converting toward the occlusal

66
Q

Convenience Form

A

Sufficient access to the cavity to facilitate visibility and instrumentation of the cavity preparation and the insertion of the restorative material

67
Q

Finishing

A

Finishing the cavosurface margin to prevent jagged or rough outline to achieve best seal

68
Q

Debridment

A

This is the final step before the vanity peraptaion receives the restoration. Rinsing the cavity is done with Airelle/water spray string and high suction evacuation. To remove debris and wash away dentinal shaving free cavity from moisture

69
Q

Depth

A

1 mm into enamel
.5 mm into dentin

Maintain uniform depth in dentin

Operative 1 (1 decks)

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