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Operative 1 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Goal of Restorative Dentistry

A

Carefully remove the diseased tissues in a precise manner and replace missing part with a restorative material

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2
Q

Dental Caries

A

Bacterial infections disease that attaches tooth structure

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3
Q

Cavity Preparation

A

Mechanical alteration to remove the diseased tooth structure

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4
Q

Direct Restoration

A

Dental material placed in a soft state directly in cavity preparation to restor contour before it sets hard

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5
Q

Indirect Restoration

A

A restoration fabricated outside the oral cavity then cemented or bonded to the tooth

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6
Q

Slow Speed Handpiece

A

Less than 12,000 RPM
No water coolants
Less efficient

Uses:
Controlled removal-deep caries excavation in close proximity to pulp
Cleaning external surface of teeth
Finishing and polishing procedures

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7
Q

High Speed

A

Greater than 200,000 RPM

Water coolants
Most cutting efficiency(less vibrations)

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8
Q

Straight Handpiece

A

Link shank typos bur/straight bur

Extraoral procedures; Finishing crowns

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9
Q

Latch end Burs

A

Larger in diameter than friction grip

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10
Q

Friction Grip Head

A

Uses friction grip type bur (smaller diameter and shorter shanks)

A) Friction generated from an internal spring (push button)
B) Special tool using force to overcome and generate friction (bur tool type)

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11
Q

3 Components of Bur

A

Head
Neck
Shank

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12
Q

Head of Bur

A

The working part of the instrument

Consists of either blades or abrasive particulate surfaces

Many shapes and sizes

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13
Q

of blades on excavating burs

A

6-8 blades

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14
Q

of blades on finishing burs

A

10-20

10-12 Red
16-20 Yellow
30 White

More blades=smoother finish

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15
Q

Carbide Blades

A

Tungsten carbide attached to steel neck and shank

Harder and stronger than stainless steel but brittle

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16
Q

Composition of Diamond Instrumnets

A

For abrasive cutting
Metal blank on which small diamond particles are held together within a softer matrix

Yellow-Superfine
Red
Blue-Medium
Green-Coarse
Black-Supercoarse

For extracoronal preps

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17
Q

330 Bur Specs

A

Length 1.5 mm
Taper 8 degrees
Diameter .8 mm

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18
Q

245 Bur Specs

A

Length 3 mm
Taper 4 degrees
Diameter .8 mm

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19
Q

Brittle Fracture

A

Brittle material fractures by crack formation upon tensile loading
Enamel is brittle
Abrasive cutting: more efficient with brittle materials (micro racks)

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20
Q

Ductile Fracture

A

Plastic deformation of the material by shearing

Bladed cutting more efficient with ductile material (deform then shear)

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21
Q

Teeth undergo what type of cutting

A

BOTH!

Brittle fracture and ductile fracture

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22
Q

What type of cutting do diamond burs do?

A

Abrasive cutting:
More efficient with brittle materials
Not efficient with ductile material (plastic deformation)

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23
Q

Blades Cuting

A

Cut by shearing layers of tooth structure

Intracoronal perparations

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24
Q

Rake Face

A

The surface that forms the chip

Surface of the blade towards the direction of cutting

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25
Clearance Face
Surface that clears the chips away
26
Edge Angle
Between the rake and clearance surfaces
27
Rake Angle
Between the radial line and the rake face
28
Clearance angle
The angle that provides clearance between the cutting edge and the tooth structure
29
Positive Rake Angle
When the radius is ahead of the rake face Higher cutting efficiency Larger chips produced Chip space smaller. Clogging of chip space. Always a chance to curve, fracture if material is not adequate
30
Negative Rake Angle
When the rake face is ahead of the radius Decreased cutting efficiency Smaller chips are produced so no clogging Cutting edge is less likely to fracture since carbide burs are brittle
31
Purpose of Clearance angle
The angle that provides the clearance between the tooth structure and the cutting edge Purpose: Prevents blade from rubbing on the tooth surface. Bigger the clearing angle= less the friction= dulling minimized= longer bur life
32
Shape Designs
Straight MonoAngled Bin-angle Triple angle
33
Black's Instrument Formula
``` 1= Wideth of the blade in tenth of a mm 2= Length of blade in mm 3= Angulation of the blade to the long axis (always less than 50) ```
34
4 Number Instrument Formula
1=Width of blade 2=Primary cutting edge angle (greater than 50) 3=blade length 4=relative to long axis in centigrade
35
Direct Cutting
Force applied is perpendicular to cutting edge Hold the instrument parallel tot he wall being planed at all times The cuttting edge in contact with the wall being planed
36
Lateral Cutting
Indirect cutting/lateral cutting/scrapping: Force exerted is parallel to the cutting edge Motion: from the beveled to the nonbeveled side
37
Stages of Caries
Incipient (reversible Small (enters DEJ) Moderate Extensive (reaches pulp)
38
Pit and Fissure Caries
On the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, buccal and lingual of molars and lingual surfaces of maxillary anterior
39
Smooth Surface Caries
On the surfaces that are pit and fissure free
40
Root Surface Caries
More in elderly, follows an advanced gingival recession
41
Class I
Pits and fissures of: Occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars Buccal or lingual pits/Fissures of the molars Lingual Pit near the cingulum of the maxillary incisors
42
Class II
INvolving the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars
43
Class III
Proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of incisors and canines
44
Class IV
Proximal surfaces of incisors and canines but also will involve the Incisal edge
45
Class V
Gingival third of the facial or lingual surface of any tooth
46
Class VI
Involve the Incisal edges of anterior teeth and the cusp tips of posterior teeth Rare
47
Fundamental Concepts for all preps (3)
1) removal of dental caries 2) removal of weak tooth structure to provide well supported hard tissue 3) pulp protection
48
Healthy state is reestablishing:
1) tooth is not diseased anymore 2) Normal function and form 3) Esthetically pleasing where indicated
49
Axial Walls
Parallel to the long axis
50
Line Angle
Junction of two surfaces
51
Point Angles
Junction of three surfaces
52
Isthmus
Class I : narrowest portion of a cavity prep Class II: A portion of the cavity connecting an occlusal portion and a proximal portion together
53
Dovetail
Isthmus connects the 2 dovetails in class I. Design includes each marginal fossa and the developmental grooves around the marginal pits
54
Cavosurface Margin
Junction between the external walls of the cavity preparation and the uncut tooth surface
55
6 Basic Princples of Cavity Prep
1) Outline form 2) Resitance form 3) Retention form 4) Convience form 5) Finishing 6) Debridment
56
Outline Form
Preparation shape in width and length and depth. Very dependent on caries shape and size and tooth conservation. Position of pit and fissures will dictate outline
57
Factors governing outline form
Conservation of tooth structure Location and extent of carious lesion Position of pit and fissure dictate the outline
58
Resistance Form
Design that will allow for the remaining tooth structure and restoration to withstand forces that are applied towards the long axis of the tooth
59
Primary Resistance
1) Removal of undermined surface enamel 2) Flat Pultan floor and Cavity wall angulation 3) Cavity preparation and depth 4) We'll defined rounded internal line angles 5) Type of restorative material
60
Removal of Undermiend surface enamel
Cavosruface margin should not terminate on unsupported or undermined enamel to prevent its fracture
61
Flat pulpal floor
Cup shaped cavity: Rotation of the restoration results in a wedging effect on the supporting dentin bridge Box shaped: Pulpal floor perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth
62
Cavity Preparation Depth
Adequate depth to provide enough thickness of amalgam to prevent its fracture under load Minimum amalgam thickness to withstand forces 1.5 mm
63
well defined rounded internal line and point angles
Placing line angles to delineate the walls Shape line angles are not recommended in any restoration Sharp line angles act as stress concentration areas
64
Type of Restorative Material
Amalgams has a low edge strength. 80-90 degree angle at margin Cavosurface making has to establish a 90 amalgam margin
65
Retention Form
Design features of the cavity preparation that prevent dislodgment of the restoration by lifting or tipping forces Amalgam does not bond to tooth structure thus increasing the surface area of the walls that contacts the amalgam Making walls opposing walls parallel or slight converting toward the occlusal
66
Convenience Form
Sufficient access to the cavity to facilitate visibility and instrumentation of the cavity preparation and the insertion of the restorative material
67
Finishing
Finishing the cavosurface margin to prevent jagged or rough outline to achieve best seal
68
Debridment
This is the final step before the vanity peraptaion receives the restoration. Rinsing the cavity is done with Airelle/water spray string and high suction evacuation. To remove debris and wash away dentinal shaving free cavity from moisture
69
Depth
1 mm into enamel .5 mm into dentin Maintain uniform depth in dentin

Operative 1 (1 decks)

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