Midterm Flashcards
Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one’s own
Global Plagiarism
Internal factors of communication anxiety
- Anxiety sensitivity
- Perfectionism
- Audience misconceptions
- Dire consequences
Elements of the speech communication process
- Speaker
- Message
- Channel
- Listener
- Feedback
- Interference
- Situation
Guidelines for ethical speaking
- Make sure your goals are ethically sound
- Be fully prepared for each speech
- Be honest in what you say
- Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language
- Put ethical principles into practice
Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people
Incremental Plagiarism
Ways to brainstorm for a speech topic
- Personal inventory
- Clustering
- Internet search
The board goal of a speech
General purpose
Tips for writing specific purpose statements
- Write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase, not as a fragment.
- Express your purpose as a statement, not as a question.
- Avoid figurative language in your purpose statement.
- Limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea.
- make sure your specific purpose is not too vague or general.
Guidelines for writing a central idea
- Should be expressed in a full sentence
- Should not be in the form of a question
- Should avoid figurative language
- Should not be vague or overly general
Audience Demographics
- Age
- Gender
- Group memberships
- Educational level
Factors to consider for situational audience analysis
- Size
- physical setting
- time
- disposition toward the topic
- disposition toward the speaker
- context
The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase
Denotative meaning
Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one’s own
Patchwork plagiarism
Differences between public speaking and conversation
- More highly structured
- requires more formal language
- requires a different method of delivery
Techniques to help deal with nervousness
- acquire speaking experience
- prepare
- think positively
- use the power of visualization
- know that most nervousness is not visible
- dont expect perfection
External factors of communication anxiety
- unfamiliarity
2. importance
The belief that one’s own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
ethnocentrism
The six c’s of language
- clarity
- color
- concreteness
- correctness
- conciseness
- cultural sensitivity
Similarities between public speaking and conversation
- organizing your thoughts logically
- tailoring your message to your audience
- telling a story for maximum impact
- adapting to listener feedback
The meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a word or phrase
connotative meaning
An implicit comparison, not introduced with the word “like”or “as”, between two things that are essentially different yet have something in common
metaphor
Expresses the values, identities, or goal of a particular group or time
cultural types
Expresses a countries basic political beliefs
ideograph
The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structures
antithesis
Repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words
alliteration
The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences
parallelism
Methods of delivery
- reading from a manuscript
- reciting from memory
- speaking impromptu
- speaking extemporaneously
An explicit comparison, introduced with the word “like” or “as”, between things that are essentially different yet have something in common
simile
