Midterm Flashcards
determinants of health
- gender
- geography
- context
- genetics
yellow bile
-choleric, violence, vengeful, ambitious
black bile
-melancholy, sadness, sentiment
phlegm
creates tumours, problems of bones, joints, cowardly
blood
sanguine, amorous, happy, quickens spirit, optimistic
How did doctors correct imbalance of humours in the body?
emetics (vomiting), blood-letting, and changes to diet/lifestyle
William Harvey
proved blood was pumped by heart - mid 1600s
Karl Landsteiner (Australian)
1901 - discovered blood groups
Umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu
a person is a person because of other people
link between poverty and morbidity
social welfare
17th century
- enlightenment
- shift towards secular
- physicians pushed for establishment of hospitals
18th century
-hospitals were now medical rather than religious space
19th century
-expansion of hospitals, clinical teaching and research
20th century
-focus on recovery and cure
What are the 2 branches of training in medicine?
- science
- morality
Who was restricted entry into medical schools? (1800sand 18th century)
- women
- black people
- jews
women attempted to become doctors in the
1800s
Elizabeth Blackwell
1st women to obtain a medical degree in the US
James Barry
Canada’s first female doctor (woman dressed as man)
Emily Stowe
enrolled in NY women medical school and set up practice in toronto
Elizabeth Anderson
first female doctor in England
women gained the right to study for the same qualification
1900 - b/c of WWI
motives for colonialism
“God, Gold, and Glory”
first successful human to human transfusion
-1818, James Blundell
about __________ of africans and assign reply on traditional medicine
60-80%
sangoma and inyanga
diviners and herbalists
latin “hospes”
means guest or stranger
mauristan
grouping the sick for physical and spiritual well-being
first hospital in…
Europe
Metrodora
- author of oldest medical book written by a woman
- On the Diseases and Cures of Women
first professional midwifery organization
1928
International Red Cross
established by Clara Barton in 1863
American Red Cross
1881
David Livingstone
medical missionary
Albert Cook
medical missionary
discovery of malaria parasite in blood of patients
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran
demonstrated malaria transmitted to infected patients by mosquitoes
Ronald Ross
longest, non-therapeutic experiment on humans in medical history
tuskegee
tuskegee theory
effects of syphilis depends on race
1994 symposium
- address damages of study to psyche of af.am. and ethics of gov’t led research
- clinton to apologize
Mengele
chief physical of Auschwitz
