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SOC 2000 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the social world important? (3)

A

1) Shared expectations help to create social orders
2) Individuals and social mutually influence each other
3) People are fundamentally social beings

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2
Q

Define sociology

A

Study of social life, change, and social causes and consequences on society

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3
Q

Diad

A

Smallest group, 2 people

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4
Q

Small group

A

3- teens (family)

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5
Q

Large group

A

Latinos/Ethnic group in the US

Gender

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6
Q

Nation

A

US, a country

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7
Q

Global society

A

World

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8
Q

How are groups defined?

A

By recurrent social patters, ordered behavior, shared experience among members, and common understandings

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9
Q

Underline assumptions made to understand sociology (5)

A

1) People are social, need to understand to get through life.
2) People spend most of their lives in groups
3) Interactions b/w people and groups are reciprocal
4) Conflict and changer are inevitable
5) All groups have certain organizing characteristics

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10
Q

Difference in sociology and common sense

A

Bias

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11
Q

Sociological Imagination Theory

Person, Definition

A

Charles Wright Mills

In order to think sociologically, make the relationships b/w individuals micro experiences and larger social and political forces

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12
Q

What kind of questions do sociologists make?

A

Objective and scientific

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13
Q

Levels of analysis are based on..

A

Size of groups

Micro- small
Macro- large

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14
Q

Social Structures are

A

All inter-connected

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15
Q

Social unit

A

Inter-connected parts of the social world

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16
Q

Social structure

A

People in groups that bring order to our lives and hold social units together (activism)

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17
Q

Social institutions

A

Provides the rules, roles, and relationships to control social behavior (Govt, school, police)

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18
Q

Social processes

A

Actions taken by people in social units

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19
Q

Process of socialization

A

How we learn social expectations for society

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20
Q

Environment

A

Setting surrounding each social unit

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21
Q

What does a theory do?

A

Explain

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22
Q

Theoretical perspective

A

Help to view social phenomena to a very specific point of view

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23
Q

Name the four theories

A

1) Structural Functionalism
2) Symbolic Interactionism
3) Conflict Theory
4) Feminism

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24
Q

Define Structuralism

A

Social world is made up of inter connected parts whose purpose is to make society run smoothly

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25
Q

Define social dysfunction

A

Something that no longer works for society (ex slavery)

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26
Q

Define symbolic interactionism

A

Symbols that are given meanings and how we construct our social reality from those symbols and meanings

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27
Q

Define Conflict theory

A

Social inequality; in a constant struggle for valued but limited resources; rich will abuse their power to keep those resources open

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28
Q

Define Feminsm

A

Patriarchy is a cause for a lack of causes or resources over minority groups (male privilege)

29
Q

Define rational choice theory

A

Whenever we go to make decisions as individuals or a social collective we weigh a cost benefit ratio.

Change variables you change thought process

30
Q

Social stratification

4 of them

A

Hierarchical of people based on sociodemographic factors

1) Race/Ethnicity
2) Socio-economic Status
3) Sex/Gender Identity
4) Sexual Orientation

31
Q

Define Intersectionality

A

Some demographic factors work together to give different social experiences

32
Q

Latent/Manifest Functioning

A

Manifest- Intended consequence of social thing

Latent- Unintended

33
Q

Society represents the _________

and the culture represents the _________

A

Hardware

Software

34
Q

Define culture

A

Script of human life
Different in all places
Make societies unique
A way of life shared by a group of people

35
Q

Characteristics of cultures

A 
Knowledge 
Symbols
Languages
Customs
Belief
Rules/laws
Values
36
Q

Define structures of society

A

Positions we hold
Groups we belong to
Institutions we participate in

37
Q

Define mechanic society

A

Pre-simple modern society is held together by human beliefs, common values, and emotional ties and positions divided by male and female roles

38
Q

Define Organic Society

A

Large society is held together by a specialization of tasks; division of labor is by specialization of tasks and forms bureaucracies; loose tie friends

39
Q

4 things about culture

A

1) Everyone shares cultures
2) Evolves and adapts over time
3) Creature of culture is creeping and cumulative
4) Transmission of culture speedsters us from other animals

40
Q

Real vs. Ideal Culture

A

We teach new members of society the ideal culture to give aspirations

41
Q

Define ethnocentrism

A

Tendency to view ones own group and it’s culture expectations as right, proper, and superior to others

42
Q

Define Cultural Relativism

A

Setting aside ones own personal beliefs and prejudices to understand a culture by its own standards

43
Q

Define Micro culture

A

Organizations that influence only a small segment of an individuals life or small period of time

44
Q

Define Subculture

A

Social unit that is smaller than a nation but large enough to sustain a person throughout lifespan. Have elements that make them unique. Influence life is pervasive ways. Share expectations of dominant cultures and conventions.

NOT NEGATIVE. Lgbtqa

45
Q

Define Counterculture

A

Group with expectations that counter contrast sharply with the dominant values of a particular society. Practices can go against laws. Some aspects are accepted

KKK

46
Q

Define globalization

A

Process of making the globe one single social culture

47
Q

Define Global culture

A

Behavioral standards, symbols, material objects, and values that have become common across the globe

Nike, Starbucks, Apple

48
Q

Define material culture

A

All of the objects we see/touch; all of the artifacts of a group of people

49
Q

Define non-material culture

A

Intangible parts of a culture

Beliefs, values, rules

50
Q

Define socialization

A

The lifelong process of learning to become a member of society, learning the values and beliefs of our culture

51
Q

Building block of socialization?

A

Interaction, especially in childhood.

Nature/nurture works equally to shape humans

52
Q

Define Social self

A

Perceptions of who we are

Self derives from perceptions of how others respond to us

53
Q

What did George Herbert do? Lol

A

We view ourselves through our interactions with others, once we can symbolically recognize objects we see ourselves as objects.

54
Q

Parts of self??? 2

A

Eye- Spontaneous impulsive parts of ourselves without thinking of social consequences

Me- Reflex self formed through roll taking that knows the rules of society and attempts to control the eye into acceptable behavior

55
Q

Stages of development in children (3)

A

1) Child observes and imitates others
2) Play at taking on the role of significant others and do not understand complex relationships
3) Children take on the roles of others and generalized others

56
Q

Stages of socialization (6)

A

1) Infancy
2) Childhood
3) Adolescence
4) Adulthood
5) Middle adulthood
6) Retire

57
Q

Resocialization

A

Process of abandoning one or more social positions in favor of others that are more suitable for a newly acquired status

Can be involuntary

58
Q

Agents of socialization

A

People, organizations, and institutions that enable us to learn the beliefs, values, and behaviors of our social culture

59
Q

Examples of agents of socialization

A

Family
Media
Formal
Informal- isn’t stated but still happens

60
Q

How do families use socialization?

A

Use positive/negative sanctions to help us teach children right and wrong

61
Q

Socialization differs by… (3)

A

1) Culture
2) Subculture
3) # of children

62
Q

Define deviance

A

Violation of social norms

63
Q

Social function is best describe by

A

Structural function of deviances

64
Q

6 examples of social functions from deviance

A

1) Sets examples for acceptable behavior
2) Provides behavior that is necessary to maintain social order
3) Bonds people through their common rejection of deviant behavior
4) Provides jobs for those who deal with behavior
5) Can signal problems that need to be addressed or changed
6) Opens society to new and creative ways of thinking

65
Q

Misconceptions of Deviance (3)

A

1) Those who deviate are socially recognizable
2) Deviants purposely and knowingly break the law
3) Deviance occurs because their is an honest selfish element of human beings

66
Q

Define crime

A

When the cj system gets involved and formal penalties are imposed by society

67
Q

Stigma is the disapproval attached to disobeying the expected behavior

A

True af

68
Q

People are bonded to society in these four ways

A

Attachment
Commitment
Environment
Belief

69
Q

Two factors that have a tendency to conform

A

Internal controls- inside voice

External- Society’s informal and formal control

SOC 2000 (1 decks)

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