Midterm Flashcards
Emic perspective
from the perspective of the subject
Etic perspective
from the perspective of the outsider
ethnography
the study of a group of people from the field.
ethnology
the study and comparison of cultures based on other persons
participant observation
to gain a close and intimate familiarity with a given group of individuals and their practices through an intensive involvement with people in their cultural environment, usually over an extended period of time.
ethnocentrism
evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one’s own culture.
cultural relativism
he principle that an individual’s beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual’s own culture
difference between sex and gender
sex” refers to the biological differences between males and females. gender refers to the to the role of a male or female in society (gender role), or an individual’s concept of themselves (gender identity).
Consanguineal relations
relationships based on blood
affinal relations
relations based on law
what are the four parts of anthro
biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and archaeology.
biological anthropology
scientific discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings
cultural anthropology
focused on the study of cultural variation among humans
linguistic anthropology
how language influences social life
archeology
the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains
what is the arbitrariness of language?
the absence of any natural or necessary connection between a word’s meaning and its sound or form
who was the father of american anthropology?
franz boas
what is transhumance
the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle
what is Neolocality
of post-marital residence when a newly married couple resides separately from both the husband’s natal household and the wife’s natal household
what does cultural universalness mean
elements, patterns, traits, or institutions that are common to all human cultures worldwide
what is displacement with respect to human language?
the capability of language to communicate about things that are not immediately present
what is colonialism?
the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
what are the four key features of participant observation
Long term stay with community for fieldwork.
- Learning the language of the community.
- Participating in activities.
- Taking notes of daily events.
what are the five adaptive stratigies
Foraging horticulture agriculture pastoralism industrialism
