Midterm

Question 1

Cultural Nuance

Answer 1

little things w/in the culture - body language, tone of voice, authorities

Question 2

Office of Minority Health

Answer 2

Government office. Biggest. Rules on: how hospital acts, interpreter needs, linguistic concerns, how to handle complaints.

Question 3

American Nurses Association

Answer 3

how to practice as a nurse, standards and rules, culturally competent nursing

Question 4

American Academy of Nursing

Answer 4

Guidelines, background/direction

Question 5

US Department of Health and Human Resources

Answer 5

regulate other bodies, follow up on complaints

Question 6

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)

Answer 6

1986; have to give care to all - requires hospitals/healthcare to treat everyone who needs care - must provide stabilizing treatment before transfer and provide legit reason why you need to transfer them

Question 7

National Minority Health Month

Answer 7

april - provide educational info for minorities - info on medicare

Question 8

National Association of State Offices of Minority Health

Answer 8

has local chapters and national - minorities ensure cultural competence in healthcare

Question 9

CLAS Standards

Answer 9

Created by Office of Minority Health in 2000. Guildelines, Recommendations, Mandates with a goal of creating a more consistent way of looking at culture across the country. make standards for organizations to make sure all are treated fairly

Question 10

National Health Law Program

Answer 10

protects health rights of low income families, people who can’t afford lawyers

Question 11

HHS of Minority Health

Answer 11

development of health policies - universal rules that are fiar

Question 12

Center for Linguistic and Cultural Competency in Healthcare

Answer 12

targets people who don’t speak much English

Question 13

Health and Human Services Disparities Action Plan

Answer 13

..?

Question 14

Race

Answer 14

biological variation including phenotypical differences in stature, skin color, hair color, facial shape, other inherited characteristics

Question 15

Race categories (Anthropolgists)

Answer 15

Caucasion (aryans, hamites, semites) Mongolian (northern mongolian, chinese, japenese, korean, indian, polynesian, malayan, etc) Negroid (African, Melanesians, Australian Aborigin, etc)

Question 16

Race categories (Government)

Answer 16

Native American/Alaskan Native/Asian/Pacific Islander, African American/Black, White

Question 17

Ethnicity

Answer 17

group of individuals conception of cultural identity which includes a wide variety of learned behaviors that ahuman being uses in his or her natural and social environment to survive

Question 18

Hispanic nationality

Answer 18

spain or south of france

Question 19

Latino

Answer 19

south of US and Caribbean

Question 20

Health disparities

Answer 20

differences in health outcomes and their determinants between segments of population as defined by social, demographic, environmental, or geographic attributes. gaps - if higher than one population than another - ex. of pregnancy or HIV - may be due to less opportunities to healthcare/education.

Question 21

Ethnocentrism

Answer 21

belief in the superiority of one’s own culture and lifestyle. “I think my ethnicity is best”

Question 22

Xenophobia

Answer 22

fear or dislike of people different from one’s self

Question 23

Prejudice

Answer 23

An attitude - preconceived notion or judgement that is not based on sufficient knowledge. Making a judgement about someone. “Asains good at math”

Question 24

Racism

Answer 24

Assumptions on racial groups - believing races are exclusive groups that are unequal and ranked. Form of oppression strictly based on one’s membership to a particular race.

Question 25

Discrimination

Answer 25

Behavior/act - Doing an act based on stereotype or negative attitude towards a perceived group.

Question 26

Stereotyping

Answer 26

Assumption or belief that an individual reflects all characteristics with being a member of a group. “All Latinos are from large families” Can not be Negative or Positive otherwise it is prejudice.

Question 27

cultural imposition

Answer 27

tendency of an individual to impose their beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior on another culture

Question 28

Health Inequalities

Answer 28

used in scientific and economic literature - summary measure of population health associated w/ individual or group specific attributes (income, education, race/ethnicity) social consequences - hospital access/education

Question 29

Medicare

Answer 29

CARE - for elderly and disabled

Question 30

Medicaid

Answer 30

AID - for the poor

Question 31

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010)

Answer 31

Parents insurance til 26, can’t be turned away for preexisting conditions, can’t charge women more, increase in type and who has coverage, – REGULATES private insurance to ensure you got more rights and protections

Question 32

Employee Mandate for PPACA (Obamacare)

Answer 32

more than 50 employees - have to offer insurance.

Question 33

actuarial value

Answer 33

average amount the plan will pay for everyone who use the plan versus what everyone will pay out of pocket

Question 34

Culture

Answer 34

learned behaviors, beliefs, norms, and values that are held by a group of people passed on fro older members to newer members, at least in part to preserve the group

Question 35

Individual Discrimination

Answer 35

behaviors of one group intedned to have harmful or unequal effect on the members of another group (intended)

Question 36

Institutional Discrimination

Answer 36

policies of dominant group intended to have a harmful or unequal effect on minority groups (intended)

Question 37

Structural Discrimination

Answer 37

policies of group that don’t intend to be harmful or unequal, but in practice do have that effect o minority groups (accident)

Question 38

Individual Racism

Answer 38

overt, conscious, and deliberate individual acts intended to harm, place at a disadvantage, or discriminate against racial minorities

Question 39

Institutional Racism

Answer 39

any policy, practice, or procedure or structure in a business/industry/government/courts/church/schools that decisions and actions are made that unfairly subordinate persons of color while allowing other groups to profit from the outcomes

Question 40

Cultural Racisms

Answer 40

individual and institutional expression of superiority of ones groups’ cultural heritage (crafst/history/traditions/language/values) over another group’s and the power to impose those standards upon other groups (targeted at an entire culture)

Question 41

Aversive Racism

Answer 41

subtle form of bias, endorce racial equality - possess unconscious negative feelings about particular mionrity groups

Question 42

Racial Microaggressions

Answer 42

brief and commonplace daily verbal/behavioral/environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicates hostile derogatory or negative racial slights and insults to the target person or group - subconscious level - three types

Question 43

racial Microassault

Answer 43

explicit - most in your face type - individual level. Verbal or non verbal attack meant to hurt the victim thorugh name calling, avoidant behavior, or purposeful discriminatory actions

Question 44

racial Microinsult

Answer 44

more subtle. communications that convey rudeness and insensitivity and demean a person’s racial heritage or identity.

Question 45

racial Microinvalidations

Answer 45

characterizations that exclude, negate, or nullify the psychological thoughts, feelings, or experiential reality of a person of color. (moments when you are told you don’t belong but not straight forward)