Midterm

Question 1

Major points of Haith

Answer 1

The other side jumps to conclusions from basic experiments, infants already have thousands of hours of experience by 3 months. We overestimate babies and underestimate experience

Question 2

Object permanence age range

Answer 2

15 months-2years

Question 3

Shins key and munakata experiment

Answer 3

Researchers used darkness to obscure and object, then they saw if the infant still believed that the object was still present. The age of development of object permanence was much earlier when the lights were turned off(5.5 months)

Question 4

If a researcher just blocked an object in a lit room-

Answer 4

Object permanence was thought to be present around 8 months

Question 5

Rooting reflex

Answer 5

When someone brushes a babies cheek it turns it’s head

Question 6

What does the rooting reflex help the baby learn?

Answer 6

How to suckle/feed

Question 7

What is the tonic neck reflex?

Answer 7

When you turn the head one way one arm flexes and the other straightens

Question 8

What does the tonic neck reflex prepare the infant for?

Answer 8

Looking, reaching, and grasping

Question 9

What is the Moro reflex?

Answer 9

A reflex that infants have until about 5 months of age where they respond to loss of physical support with a startle opens arms, pulls arms in, then expresses distress

Question 10

What does the Moro reflex prepare the infant for?

Answer 10

Clinging to their mother

Question 11

Symbolic representation is important to-

Answer 11

Function socially

Question 12

Why is it hard for young children to appreciate symbols?

Answer 12

They often appreciate a symbol as an object, not the object it is representing. To think symbolically, you have to have two sets of information in your head at once

Question 13

What is the video deficit effect?

Answer 13

Infants learn more effectively from live presentation than from video

Question 14

If babies are not presented with live presentation than they might

Answer 14

Not be able to appreciate symbols effectively

Question 15

Babies learn to recognize faces using-

Answer 15

Hairlines

Question 16

Babies generally get good at recognizing- faces first, but in abuse, they might recognize-faces first

Answer 16

Happy, angry

Question 17

Researchers think that neonatal imitation might be a precursor to

Answer 17

Mirror neurons

Question 18

Long gene- short gene-

Answer 18

Short-uptight/jumpy, long-laid back

Question 19

First stage of piagets

Answer 19

Sensorimotor

Question 20

Second stage of Piaget

Answer 20

Preoperational

Question 21

Age of sensorimotor-

Answer 21

0-2

Question 22

Age of preoperational

Answer 22

2-7

Question 23

Two sub stages in preoperational stage

Answer 23

Symbolic function substage (2-4)and intuitive thought substage(4-7)

Question 24

What are 3 ways to test infants

Answer 24

Preferential looking procedure, non-nutritive sucking, kicking procedure

Question 25

What is the textbook definition of autism?

Answer 25

A disorder of communicative and social nature

Question 26

In order to get a diagnosis with DSM must have-

Answer 26

Defects in social communication, restricted, repetitive behavior, and symptoms must be present in early development

Question 27

What is the extreme male brain theory

Answer 27

It was created by Simon Baron-Cohen. It says that social and perceptual symptoms we see in autism are exaggerated male sex differences

Question 28

Evidence for extreme male brain theory

Answer 28

Autism is more common in males, the 2D:4D ratio is lower in autistics and autístics normally gravitate towards male particular interests

Question 29

Weak central coherence theory

Answer 29

Autism comes from neurological organization

Question 30

What is some evidence for weak central coherence theory

Answer 30

Autistics have difficulty integrating information into a meaningful whole, they look at specifics. They tend to remember fine details over bigger picture. The autistic cortex is more densely organized within columns and there is less cross talk

Question 31

Language development from prenatal to 6 months

Answer 31

Infants babble and can discern all phonemes, they are citizens of the world. The prenatal language development sets infants up for the learning of their language.

Question 32

Language development from 6 months to 2 years

Answer 32

Babies begin to only recognize phonemes of their culture. They become culture bound listeners. They say their first words and small phrases. Learn different morphemes. There is a lot of variability

Question 33

Language development from age 2-7

Answer 33

Children develop an understanding of grammar and syntax rules. They learn many new words a day. Vocal becomes more refined and children can speak in sentences