Midterm Flashcards
Sociological Imagination
Connects distant and abstract, historically forces, everyday experiences / enables us to grasp info between history and biography EX) what roles are proper for men and women (think of where your’e from) distinguishes between personal and public issues /// Always being able to connect problems to history
Socialization
people internalize values and beliefs and norms in a society and learn to function as a member of that society
Social institutions
networks on society that work to social groups of people / ambiguous / ex) family
Social Construction of reality
who we are isn’t a choice / ex) movie in class - how much of ourselves are being influenced by ads
False Consciousness
mislead beliefs / Ex) belief = Im a king because God wants me to be, actual = you can kill the king to become the king
Public issues
ex) can’t come to class because there is no more seats
Structure
establishments created by enduring patterns of collective behavior on society
conflict theory
carl marx //claims society is in a state of conflict due to competition for limited resources. It says that social order is maintained by domination and power, rather than conformity.
symbolic interactionalism theory
max weber // behavior created through interaction and symbols // race gender
functionalism theory
emile durkheim// passed down from generation to generation // everything in the body has a function, everything in society has a function // equilibrium does not necessarily mean = stability
inductive approach to research
starts with empirical observation and works to form a theory. finds correlation by noticing a change in two things simultaneously
Structure
establishments created by enduring patterns of collective behavior on society / structure is not the law, there is no rule/ not written rules
Agency
- individuals have to act and make change in society
- family (unit of socialization), school (gender roles), tv ( conformity) Ex) James bond because he’s free from structure
Agency v power
agency -choosing to think for self// power = what allows us to choose
hobbes
humans are naturally bad society makes them good
Roussea
humans are naturally good but society makes them bad
carl marx contributions
(conflict theory ) capitalism = greed // what is produced is more important than us
max weber contributions
(interpretive sociology- mirco scale -sociological interactionalism , ex) rituals / norms / symbols) - // believes we should examine the meanings we put on things // capitalism = culture
emile durkheim contributions
(functionalism theory ) society holds together capitalism ex) June is a popular month to get married in // stresses society as a type of organism where different institutions each have a purpose
deductive approach to research
starts with a theory, develops a hypothesis, makes empirical observations
spencer- functionalist theory
compared societies to living organisms
Merton- functionalist theory
maifest function (intended )vs latent function (unintended)
Modern (ct) mills, dahnendorf , culkins - conflict theory
see conflict among many groups and interests ex) old vs young producers v consumer
goffman - interactionist theory
saw social life as a form of theater
homans interactionist theory
the way people influence one another / reward and punishment
garfinkel interactionist theory
below social behavior = ppl create and share understanding of social life
functionalist theory on school
schools maintain the social system, skills and jobs transmit culture values
wwoc ex)
conflict theory on schools
education= avenue , avenue is obstructed for certain groups / social class effects students academic achievement / segregated , education is used for competitiveness wwoc ex) girls who get pregnant and keep the baby (mexicans) and cant finish school = obstructed , academic achievement is gone
interactionist theory on schools
emphasize daily activities within schools, interactions between teachers and students / influence over student peer group over individuals
wwoc ex) girl talk , lorena flirting with the sub teacher , the lack of control,
