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Nazi > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Volkish Ideology

A

Idea of Germany is much larger than just German State

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2
Q

Heimat/Homeland

A

Blood and Soil; Germans are closely tied to homeland

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3
Q

Romanticism

A

Focus on emotional experiences of the individual

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4
Q

Antimodernism

A

Something in the past that will glorify the present

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5
Q

Antisemitism

A

Anti-Jew

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6
Q

Racism

A

Believed to lead to degeneration of the German Race

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7
Q

Aryan Race

A

Origin: misinterpretation of texts in 19th century

Inequality of the Human Races; inbreeding brought down civilization

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8
Q

Social Darwinism

A

stronger societies will win over the weaker ones

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9
Q

Lebensraum

A

Living Space; Land expands German race, borders show nation’s health

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10
Q

Eugenics

A

Certain people have bad genes; only those who are fit should reproduce

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11
Q

Extremes of Volkish Thought

A

Race is the driving factor of human history

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12
Q

Cholera Epidemic

A

Government says they can’t do anything

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13
Q

Volkish thought on communism?

A

Volkish thinkers reject communism

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14
Q

Who did Volkish thought appeal to?

A

Losers of modern world, disappointed nationalists, and intellectuals, professors, students & antisemites

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15
Q

Gymnastics

A

Young man society, build manhood

Directed toward enemies (french and jews)

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16
Q

Wartburg Castle

A

Significant to Martin Luther

Book burning held for pro-french books

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17
Q

Fraternities (Bursenschaften)

A

Calling for German unification to fight against French, but liberal

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18
Q

1848 Revolution

A

Unified, Democratic & Constitutional Germany

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19
Q

Willibald Hentschel’s Mittgart

A

calls for 1k women and 100 men to have children and purify Germany; failed plan

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20
Q

Artamanen Society

A

Move East (towards Poland) and build a purified German Society

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21
Q

Bund der Landwirte

Peasants League

A

Political Pressure Group; like lobby groups that came together
Anti-semetic
Powerful lobby organization, 100+ Reichstag officials sign off

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22
Q

Pan-German League

A

Unified by blood- Volk = German Race
Influence falls off by WWI
smaller than Peasants League

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23
Q

Karl Lueger

A

Implemented social insurance/labor programs (unemployment, etc)

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24
Q

Perspective: Marginal Movement

A

membership is very small in social groups

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25
Q

Perspective: Political Antisematism

A

Failure; many of social parties had Jews; Christian group and Conservative group had to join up

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26
Q

Volksgemeinschaft

A

Positive idea that Germany can be harmonic and inclusive

27
Q

Religious Anti-Semitism

A

Jews were responsible for the death of Jesus Christ

28
Q

Economic Anti-Semitism

A

Jews controleld money supply and hurt Germans economically

29
Q

Racial Anti-Semitism

A

Jews had characteristics that could be stereotyped

30
Q

Pre-Modern Anti-Semitism

A

Blood Libel- Jews supposedly used blood of Christian children to make bread
Rhineland Massacres- Attempted to take Jerusalem from Christians, lead to massacre of jews and attempted conversions
Expulsion- it was illegal to be Jewish; so many moved to Poland, where it was legal

31
Q

Modern: Jewish Emancipation

A

Ended Jewish restrictions, could move from Ghettos into cities

32
Q

Modern: Jewish Enlightenment

A

gained human rights and equality

33
Q

Modern: Separation of Church and State

A

religion is no longer important in society

34
Q

Modern: French Revolution

A

Jewish subjects became citizens

35
Q

Jews in Russia: Pale of Settlement

A

Large emigration into USA of Jews

36
Q

Jews in Russia: Pogroms

A

violence against Jewish community in various forms

37
Q

Jews in Russia: Protocols of Elders of Zion

A

Influential reading of anti-semetic societies

Revealed plans of Jews taking over the world

38
Q

Dreyfus Affair

A

Allegedly communicated French military secrets to Germany & falisfied documents

39
Q

Hitler’s View of WWI

A

war was forced on Germany, was punished too harshly

40
Q

Holy Roman Empire

A

Loosely unified under an emperor

41
Q

Charles V

A

1500’s, caused a main division between Protestants and Catholics

42
Q

Confederation of the Rhine

A

Napoleon taking land, creates Confederation of the Rhine, unification to fight French and take land towards Balkan

43
Q

German Confederation

A

Informal Agreements turn into formal agreements for trade agreements instead of crossing many borders

44
Q

North German Confederation

A

controleld by Prussia

45
Q

Weimar Republic

A

after WWI, not strong state and not much support

46
Q

Third Reich

A

Nazi Germany

47
Q

Divided Germany

A

initial emergance of modern Germany, became divided into west/east

48
Q

Sonderweg

A

Germans had a special path that led them to become what they are

49
Q

German Industrialization

A

late, fast and thorough

50
Q

Sonderweg Challenges

A

implies that Nazi Germany could have happened to any nation that becomes industrialized

51
Q

Wars of German Unification

A

Danish War
Austro Prussian War
Franco Prussian War
Unification in 1871

52
Q

Deutsches Reich: Constitutions

A

Executive (Power) is divided between Chancellor, Cabinet and Emperor
Legislative is divided between Reichstag, Bundesrat, and Prussian Franchise

53
Q

Deutches Reich: Emperor

A

King of Prussia

commands army

54
Q

Deutches Reich: Chancellor

A

Also Russian Prime Minister at the time, Otto von Bismarck 1871-1890

55
Q

Deutches Reich: Cabinet

A

Chosen by Chancellor, no ministerial responisbility

56
Q

Deutches Reich: Reichstag

A

Established universal male suffrage
Can’t initiate legislation
Limited budget authority

57
Q

Deutches Reich: Bundesrat

A

Appointed by states

Initiates legislation

58
Q

Deutches Reich: Prussian Franchise

A

3 class voting system- determined by low, middle, and high income class

59
Q

Deutches Reich: Result

A

No one questions authority
Negative Integration- nation brought together by determining who doesn’t belong
Feudalized Bourgeoisie- Army reserve officer corps
Rigid political system
Social Imperialism

60
Q

Trialism

A

Created 3rd monarchy, originally from Austrian empire

61
Q

Trench Warfare

A

Goal: Kill as many people as possible

No one expected the casualties to get that bad

62
Q

Hindenburg Program

A

Goal: Double weapons
British Navy blockaded Germany
Draft pulled individuals from everywhere

63
Q

Revolution of 1917

A

Russian Civil War 1917-1924

United States Declared war in 1917

64
Q

1918 Armistice

A

Operation Michael- German’s Last Attempt to save the war

Nazi (1 decks)

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