Midterm Flashcards
Essenes
- pious ones
- communal group focused on service and correct temple practice
- daily baptism
- life of study and devotion to purity-wanted to be ritually pure, kind of take things to the extreme
- immortality of souls
- Qumran community and Dead Sea Scrolls
- correct priestly family in charge of the temple
Greeks
language of Roman Empire influenced language
philosophical schools also influenced
Herod Antipas
- Herod Antipas gets Galilee and Peraea
- imprisons John the Baptist and beheads him
- son of Herod
Herod Philip
- built an administrative center and temple to honor Augustus
- one of Herod’s sons
- Caesarea Philippi
Herod the Great
- king when Christ was born
- when he dies his kingdom is split between his sons
- plays Roman empire well to put him in power
- paranoid man who kills all infants because of the threat to his power
Book of Matthew
- Written by Matthew
- Jewish audience
- portrays Christ as a fulfillment of OT prophecy
- includes genealogy
- life of Christ parallels history of Israel
- primarily deals with Jesus’ Galilee ministry
Matthew
- tax collector
- also called Levi
- name is Hebrew for Gift of Jehovah
- member of the 12
Mark
- cousin of Barnabas
- missionary companion of Paul and Barnabas
- leaves mission early and creates tensions with Paul but they later reconcile and he goes with him to Rome
Book of Mark
- focus on Jesus’ ministry in Galilee
- written to Roman Gentiles outside Palestine(proof in translation of Aramaic words, mentions Roman divorce laws, Latin terms are used, explains geography and culture)
- emphasis on miracles and action
- later a focus on the cross
What is Messianic secret and where is it found
- book of Mark
- Kingdom of God
- Exorcisms
- Healings
- Disciples
- everything kept on the DL
Luke
- physician
- companion of Paul, Silas, Timothy on 2nd and 3rd missionary journeys
Book of Luke
- gospel written in conjunction with Acts
- deals with ministry in Galilee
- gentile writing to a Gentile
- primarily Greek audience
- discusses universality of the Church
3 elements of writing for Luke
- eyewitnesses and servants of the word
- many who were writing accounts
- his own careful investigation
John
- John the Beloved
- Son of Zebedee and brother of James
- unnamed disciple in his writing
- member of the 12 (one of the closes to Jesus,)
- witness to raising of Jairius’ Daughter
- mount of transfiguration
- in Gethsemane
- called the disciple whom Jesus loved
- eyewitness of His life
Book of John
- focus on Christ’s ministry in Judea
- written for believers in Christ to strengthen their concept of Christ’s divinity
- has sermons not found in the other gospels (Bread of Life, Living Water, Light of the World)
- less action and miracles
- lengtheir sermons and teachings
- emphasis on last week of Jesus’ life and the Atonement
What are the Synoptic Gospels
- synoptic = seeing together
- similarities in structure, tone and content
- same general geographic sequence (Galilee, sojourn to north, iminstry in Judea, final time in Jerusalem)
- intersperse miracles with brief teachings
What are The Gospels
- genre of Literature (not biographies or histories)
- portrait of the Savior and His Gospel
- answers needs of Jews, Greeks, Romans, and confessed Christ as Lord
- no manuscripts written by authors own hand
- titles added later
Pharisees
- liberal interpretation of the law
- oral traditions
- wisdom
- predestination
- resurrection fo the dead
- anti-Hellenism (hated Greek anything
Saduccees
- opposite of Pharisees
- strict aderence to textural interpreataions
- rejected oral law
- agency
- no afterlife or resurrection
- Hellenistic (want to control the temple)
- in charge of the temple
Zealots
- political group
- kanai in Greek
- agree with Pharisees in religious and political matters
- think they should be a theocracy (God is their only Ruler and He should rule directly
- anti-Hellenistic
Sanhedrin
- 71 member court that ruled over religious matters
- presided over by chief judge and sometimes High Priest
- 35 Pharisees, 36 Saduccees
- easy to get them in a riot
Four points of disagreement between Jesus and the Pharisees
- association with sinners
- ritual purity (rejected emphasis on oral law that supersede the written law and on sources of impurity (it’s on the inside not outside)
- Sabbath-keeping
- Divorce
The Beatitudes
- Matt 5:3-12
- beatus= joys of heaven or a declaration of blessedness
- are an endowment (build on each other with the last being the expected results of righteous behavior, progression from outside toward a Holy of Holies)
- poor in spirit is listed first
Sermon on the mount
- Matt 5-7
- Foundation of the gospel of the kingdom
- Beatitudes
- Teaching about Salt and Light
- higher righteousness of the Antitheses
The Antitheses
- expectation of righteousness above those who studied and interpreted the law as a profession
- He is come to give them a new commandment
- new laws: anger and reconciliation, adultery and divorce, oath and retaliation, anger and reconciliation
- dealt with internal things
- as we follow higher law we will be perfect as Heavenly Father
- piety and good works
- prayer, fasting
how was the sermon on the mount possibly taught
in 2 sections: 1 to the disciples and 2n to the multitude
what does the foundation of the gospel of the kingdom from the sermon on the mount deal with
- introduction to the kingdom of heaven with norms and it’s witness (beatitudes)
- relates principals of the kingdom of heaven to the OT
- closing establishes Jesus’ authority and sets the stage for the miracles that follow
how many times is the Sermon on the mount in the scriptures?
3
3 traditional manifestations of personal righteousness
- alms of the dish: daily food or money
- alms of the chest: money received on the Sabbath for widows, orphans, strangers and the poor
Andrew
apostle and brother of Simon Peter
James, son of Zebedee
apostle at mount of transfiguration
Nazareth
by sea of Galilee (in-between it and the mediterranean sea), annunciations are here,w where Jesus grew up
Bethelehm
by Jerusalem (south), by dead sea, where Christ was born
Jerusalem
north of bethlehem by dead sea on left
Bethsaida
Peter, Andrew and Philip born here, on north side of sea of Galilee, where He fed the 5,000
Caesarea Phillipi
in the north in middle of land above tiny thing of water, where Peter testified that Jesus is the Christ and was promised the keys of the kingdom
Capernaum
west of Bethsaida on sea of Galilee and north of Magdala, where Peter is from, Christ heals a paralytic and casts out devils and heals on the Sabbath
Magdala
on sea of galilee, south of capernaum northeast of nazareth, home of Mary Magdalene, went there after feeding the 4000, Pharisees and Saducees request a sign here
JST Mark 9:3
John the Baptist as well as Moses were on the mount of transfiguration
John the Baptist
- birth foretold in Luke 1:5-25
- his birth parallels that of Christ
- prepared the way for Christ
- fulfills OT prophecies
- Baptism for remission of sins
- emphasis on inner change of heart and reformed life
Wise men
- magi- mags which is the name of a Persian priestly tribe
- gifts they gave were the most valuable transportable things at the time
Samaritans
- opponents of Jews
- people wh inhabited Samaria after captivity of northern kingdom of Israel
Romans
- were a mixing pot of people in the empire
- gave them privileges like safe travel on roads, peace on the mediterranean, tolerant of other religions and cultures, common monetary system, ease of travel
