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Wine Discovery > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q
  • A type of table wine
  • A method of vinification that produces wine that is free of carbon dioxide and therefore lacks sparkling and effervescent properties.
    (Vinification is the process of turning grapes into wine)
A

Still Wine

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2
Q

What type of wine style including white, red, rose, and blush?

A

Still Wine

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3
Q

4 categories of wine into Still wine

A

White, Red, Rose, Blush

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4
Q

Wine made from grapes left on the vine longer than usual

A

Late harvest (sweet/dessert wine)

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5
Q

What kind of wine does Botrytis-affected grape produce?

A

grapes to lose nearly all of their water content and makes them sweeter. (dessert wine)

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6
Q

Which wine is described as a distilled spirit, usually brandy, is added in order to raise alcohol content

A

Fortified wine

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7
Q

What types of wine are examples of followings: Port, Sherry, Madeira, Marsala?

A

Fortified wine

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8
Q

Port wine and Sherry wine are in which type of wine?

A

Fortified wine

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9
Q

What are two main examples of fortified wine?

A

Port wine and sherry wine

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10
Q

What is fortified wine?

A

a wine to which a distilled spirit, usually brandy, is added in order to raise alcohol content.

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11
Q

How does dessert wine get sweater?

A

use late harvest and make grapes botrytis-affected

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12
Q

The name of particular grapes that is originated from eastern France and primarily known as the grape used in Portugal to make Port.

A

Port Bastardo Grape

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13
Q

Which country used Bastardo Grape to make port wine?

A

Portugal

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14
Q

___A___ is not allowed to call ___B___ outside of France.

A

W(A) Sparkling (B) Champagne

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15
Q

Which wine is referred to as followings: a wine with significant levels of carbon dioxide in it. it may result from natural fermentation either in a bottle or injection.

A

Sparkling wine

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16
Q

What are two methods of sparkling wine making?

A

Champenoise and Charmat

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17
Q

which method producing sparkling wine is that the effervescence is produced by secondary fermentation in the bottle?

A

Champenoise method

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18
Q

which method producing sparkling wine is that the wine undergoes secondary fermentation in stainless steel tanks or steel vessels covered with vitreous enamel rather than in individual bottles?

A

Charmat method

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19
Q

What are two differences between two sparkling wine producing methods; Champenoise and Charmat?

A
  1. Champenoise: the effervescence is produced by secondary fermentation in the bottle/ Charmat: it undergoes secondary fermentation in stainless steel tanks rather than in individual bottles.
  2. Champenoise method is more expensive than charmat process.
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20
Q

Which part of grape is following described as: filled with tannins which allows red wine to age, this part only used for long aging red wine

A

The Stalk

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21
Q

What does it called that gives a bitter taste to wine?

A

Tannins in stalk of grapes

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22
Q

Which part of grape gives coloring matters to wine?

A

The skin

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23
Q

What does it called that is natural yeast from the skin of grapes?

A

The bloom on the grape skin

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24
Q

Which part of grape contains juice and composed of 80% of water with natural sugar called fructose ?

A

The Pulp

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25
Q

Which part of grape is filled with tannin in oil form?

A

The seeds

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26
Q

The degree of acidity in wine changed or not?

A

Never changed. It stays the same.

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27
Q

What are five acids found in white wine?

A

Tartaric, Malic, Lactic, Citric, Acetic(Bad)

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28
Q

What is the name of natural sugar that is in the pulp of grapes?

A

Fructose

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29
Q

Which is the main acid in wine that will precipitate in wine diamond?

A

Tartaric

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30
Q

What is the name of acid that gives green apple and harsh sour to wine?

A

Malic

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31
Q

What is the name of acid that gives milky, creamy and soft taste to wine?

A

Lactic

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32
Q

What is the name of acid that gives lemon and lime taste to wine?

A

Citric

33
Q

What is the name of bad acid that gives vinegar taste and makes wine flaw?

A

Acetic

34
Q

What kind of acid flavor from Malic?

A

Green apple & Harsh sour

35
Q

What kind of acid flavor from Lactic?

A

Milky, creamy and soft taste

36
Q

What kind of acid flavor from Citric?

A

Lemon and lime taste

37
Q

What kind of acid flavor from Acetic?

A

Vinegar (it’s flaw)

38
Q

What is wine term of “Vigneron”?

A

Wine maker, a person who cultivate grapes for winemaking.

39
Q

What is wine maker called in France?

A

The Vigneron

40
Q

What is the name of device that can estimate how much sugar inside of grape?

A

Refractometer

41
Q

How much density of sugar percentage is required for the good quality of grape?

A

25% or over

42
Q

What is the role of refractometer?

A

it estimates how much sugar inside of grape

43
Q

What does blockbuster means in wine term?

A

means extraordinarily big grapes.

44
Q

What are the pros when the grapes are hand-picked?

A

it allows for better berry selection, only healthy and ripe grapes are picked, less possible damage to land and crop

45
Q

What are the cons when the grapes are hand-picked?

A

Less cost-efficient, hard work

46
Q

The fermentation Formula

A

Yeast + Sugar = Alcohol & CO2

47
Q

The fermentation Formula

: _______ + Sugar = _______ & CO2

A

Yeast & Alcohol

48
Q

The fermentation Formula

: Yeast + _____ = Alcohol & _______

A

Sugar & CO2

49
Q

What is Carbonic Maceration in wine term?

A

A winemaking technique, often associated with the French wine region of Beaujolais, in which whole grapes are fermented in a carbon dioxide rich environment prior to crushing.

50
Q

What is the name of red wine fermentation process that whole grapes are fermented in a carbon dioxide rich environment prior to crushing?

A

Carbonic Maceration

51
Q

What is called that freshly pressed fruit juice that contains the skins, seeds and stems of the grapes?

A

The Must

52
Q

What are four components of the must?

A

Juice, Skin, Seeds, Stems

53
Q

What is the fermentation process that allows wine having good and even distribution?

A

The stirring of the cap

54
Q

What is good thing to stir the cap?

A

it allows wine having good and even distribution during the fermentation

55
Q

When grapes or grape bits are left in a fermentation vessel, as in red wine making, all the solids—grape skins, seeds, stems, pulp—rise to the surface. What does this mass of solid matter is called?

A

The cap

56
Q

For each of wines; red and white, what is the right temperature during the fermentation?

A

Red: 25-30 Celsius / White: 10-15 Celsius

57
Q

Why does red wine have higher temperature during the fermentation process?

A

To maximize extraction of colors and tannins

58
Q

Why does white wine have lower temperature during the fermentation process?

A

To preserve freshness of fruit and crispy acidity

59
Q

Which wine has the longer fermentation process?

A

White wine/ Red wine has shorter comparatively fermentation which is about 2 weeks

60
Q

What does the cap call after the fermentation process is completely over?

A

The Lees

61
Q

What is called that the dead yeast cells and other particles remaining in a wine after fermentation which are rest in bottom of vat?

A

The Lees

62
Q

What is the difference between red and white when it comes to the Lees?

A

For white wine, leave the wine to contract with the lees and add characteristic to it for 3 weeks.
For red wine, rack the wine from the lees (remove the lees)

63
Q

What are features of barrels made of French oak?

A

The most expensive, Vanilla flavor & aroma

64
Q

What are features of barrels made of American oak?

A

Coconut flavor & aroma

65
Q

What does malolactic fermentation means(MLF)?

A

Changing the sour(Malic) acids to soft(Lactic) acids

66
Q

What is the name of fermentation process that changes the sour(Malic) acids to soft(Lactic) acids?

A

WhMalolactic Fermentation (MLF)

67
Q

After fermentation is done, what is the next step?

A

Fining/Filtering (+Centrifuging) to make the wine clear

68
Q

Which way is used for filtering red wine?

A

used egg white

69
Q

Which way is used for filtering white wine?

A

used charcoal

70
Q

Where is the biggest production of cork?

A

Portugal

71
Q

What kind of tree that produce the cork in Portugal?

A

The Whistler tree

72
Q

What are the most important things that perfect vineyard includes?

A

Poor dry soil filled with layers of mineral
Grow on slope to allow good drainage
Southern slope maximum sun exposure

73
Q

What are sun and rain fall requirement that allow grapes contain higher sugar level?

A

1700-2500 hours of sunshine

150-250mm of rain fall

74
Q

How long does the vine takes from flowering to harvesting during the growing season?

A

100days

75
Q

What is important thing for the perfect vineyard to have?

A

Poor dry soil filled with layers of mineral

76
Q

What are four main producer in Europe?

A

France, Italy, Spain, Portugal

77
Q

Where are each wine growing region whose latitude is between 30-50 degrees north and south?

A

North: China/ South: Tasmania in Australia

78
Q

What is vine from native of Europe and the noble vine?

A

Vitis Vinefera

79
Q

Why did all Vinefera graft with Labruscca?

A

Because of Physlloxera bugs

Wine Discovery (1 decks)

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