Midterm Flashcards
What type of muscles are postural muscles?
Type I slow twitch
-tend to become short and tight
What type of muscles are phasic muscles?
type II
-tend to become weak and inhibited
Triceps Surae: Increase in dorflexion following knee flexion indicates tight ___
gastrocnemius
Triceps Surae: No increase in dorsiflexion following knee flexion indicates tight ___
Soleus
Normal range for Iliopsoas length
Passive hip extension 10-15 degrees beyond horizontal
Normal range for TFL length
Should have passive hip Adduction 15-20 degrees
Normal range for Hip Adductors
Should have passive hip abduction 15-25 degrees
Normal range for rectus femoris
Passive knee flexion ~135 degrees
If pt. cant bring femur parallel with the floor or lower during iliopsoas assessment, you may suspect tight ___. If you can’t bring the leg into springy passive abduction, you may suspect tight ___.
Iliopsoas
Adductors
Hip Extension Screen indicators
- Decreased Glute Max. Bulk
- Increased Hamstring Bulk
- Observation of spinal horizontal grooves or creases
- Anterior pelvic tilt
- Increased or asymmetrical paraspinal bulk
- Decreased trailing limb posture at terminal stance during gait
- Short step, normal step, short step, normal step
Abnormal patterns for Prone Hip Extension
- Altered firing order: more trunk muscle activation than hip extensor activation
- Anterior pelvic tilt/increased lumbar lordosis (iliopsoas, lumbar erector spinae hyperactivity)
- Knee flexion (synergistic dominance of hamstrings)
Hip Abduction Screen indicators
- Lateral shift or rotation of pelvis
- Asymmetrical height of iliac crest
- Adducted hips or varus position
- Positive result on single-leg stance test
- Trendelenburg sign or increased lateral pelvic shift during loading response during gait
Functional Screening for Hip Abduction:
Hip flexion indicates…
hip ext. rotation indicates…
Hip hiking indicates…
- TFL dominace/ tensor mechanism
- Piriformis
- QL
Normal muscle firing order for Hip Abduction
Glute Med, QL, TFL
“GQT, Abduct for me!”
Trunk extension should be __ than flexion and lateral flexion
greater
Positives for positive pushup test
Forward head w/ protracted shoulders
- Increased internal shoulder rotation
- Scapular Winging or tipping
Pt has positive prone active SLR w/ form closure dysfxn. Which stabilizing system is involved? How do you treat?
Posterior Oblique system
Tx with focus on post oblique –> lats/glutes
-application of trochanteric belt
What is a goal of spinal stability assessment?
Identify abberant motor patterns
* used to develop a plan for re-education
Level of contraction for abdominal bracing should be __%
10
*low level of muscle contraction
What does Lumbar shear instability test show?
Ability of LS muscles to prevent shear instability
- pain w/ resting but not active
- correct w/ spinal stabilization ex.
Characteristics of postural muscles
Maintain posture esp. during gait
Type 1
Tend to become short and tight
Trunk flexion test indicators
- Ant pelvic tilt. (Anterior Innominate)
- Gluteal Amnesia
- Decreased abdominal tone
- asymmetrical grooves in abdominal wall
- Impaired respiration
SI force closure dysfnx. w/ supine active SLR indicates dysfxn. where? How to correct?
Anterior Oblique system
*Do core stabilization training targeting anterior oblique system
According to Janda’s postural syndromes, a pt. with pes planus will also have…
Ipsi Genu Valgus –> Ipsi Coxa Varus –> Ipsi Dropped Iliac crest –> Ipsi Lumbar Scoliosis –> Contra Thoracic Scoliosis –> Ipsi Dropped Shoulder
