Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Individual Learning > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of differentiation?

A

To create a learning environment that optimizes learning and increase success for ALL students.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between a difference in qualitative assessment and quantitative assessment?

A

Qualitative assessment difference: Difference in HOW the students are assessed (ie mode)

Qualitative: difference in how much work they get (ie 2 reports vs 4).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In what ways can a teacher differentiate?

A

A teacher can differentiate through Content, Process, Product, or Affect/environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

According to what student features should differentiation occur?

A

Teachers can differentiate according to students’ Readiness, Interests, and Learning Profile.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What aspects can a teacher differentiate?

A

Teachers can differentiate:
Content: what you teach and expect
Process: how you teach and expect the students to learn
Product: how you expect students to demonstrate what they have learned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the key elements that teachers should use to differentiate with?

A

Identified readiness, interest, and learning profiles are key
elements for teachers to differentiate with.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by assimilation in learning?

A

Assimilation: matching between the cognitive structures

and physical environment. What you observe fits with what you know.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by accommodation in learning?

A

adding new knowledge to the structure,
but if the new knowledge does not fit into the structure,
then the whole structure is reframed/accommodated to
explain the new information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the most important things for struggling learners to learn?

A

—The big ideas
—Key concepts
—Governing principles of the subject at hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can you help struggling learners?

A

Try to focus on their positives, design tasks that draw on those strengths, help make tasks relevant in order to increase motivation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can teachers help advanced learners?

A

Keep them mentally engaged, don’t spend less time on them just because they have good behaviour.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between mastery oriented goals and performance oriented goals?

A

Mastery-oriented goals: mastering the task according to self set standards or self-improvement. It also encompasses
developing new skills, improving or developing competence,
trying to accomplish something challenging and trying to gain
an understanding or insight.

Performance-oriented goals: demonstrating competence or
ability and how ability will be judged relative to others. Strives
to be the best in a class or even avoiding judgments of low
ability/looking dumb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between approach oriented and avoidance oriented goals?

A

Approach oriented: students are positively oriented and look forward to favourable judgement and looking good
Avoidance oriented: negatively motivated to try to avoid failure and avoid looking incompetent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why do children with ADHD have worse reading outcomes?

A

Children with ADHD have thinner cortex in medial and
superior frontal regions which is connected to worse
outcomes for reading.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What aspects contribute to stronger language skills?

A

Children who have been spoken to (not just hearing words), children that are told what to do as opposed to what not to do.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do language skills affect reading skills?

A

Weak language skills increase the risk for reading difficulty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are phonemes?

A

A phoneme is the smallest sound unit of a language: /b/, /th/, /a/

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is an onset?

A

An onset is the part of the word before the vowel (h-ot). Not all words have an onset.

19
Q

What is a rime?

A

A rime is the part of the word from the vowel onward (h-“ot”).

20
Q

What are the stages of phonemic awareness?

A

Stages of phonemic awareness:
Rhyming, sentence, word, syllable, onset-rhime, blending (/c/-/u/-/p/ = cup), phoneme segmentation (cat=/c/ /a/ /t/), phoneme deletion, segmentation substitution

21
Q

What is the most common underlying cause of reading disability?

A

Phonemic awareness is the most common underlying cause of reading disability.

22
Q

What is a grapheme?

A

A grapheme is a written text to represent individual phonemes (ex g, ch)

23
Q

What is a morpheme?

A

A morpheme is the smallest part of a word that carries meaning: roots, suffixes/prefixes, endings - tense (ed), number (s), etc.

24
Q

What is orthography?

A

An orthography is a set of conventions for how to write a language. It includes rules of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation.

25
Q

What are the 3 types of reading disabilities?

A

Reading disabilities: Language comprehension, Phonological deficit, fluency/naming speed.

26
Q

What are the tiers of vocabulary levels?

A

Vocabulary levels:
Tier 1: Basic, single meaning
Tier 2: Words that occur in multiple contexts
Tier 3: Domain specifics

27
Q

What are the 3 components of fluency?

A

The 3 components of fluency of speed, accuracy, and prosody (elements of speech that are not individual phonetic segments (vowels and consonants) but are properties of syllables and larger units of speech).

28
Q

What is prosody?

A 
Prosody:
Expression and volume
Phrasing
Smoothness
Pace
29
Q

What are some examples of reading fluency problems?

A 
Reading fluency problems:
Slow decoding
Skipping words/sounds
Adding words/sounds
Substituting words/sounds
30
Q

What aspects are involved in comprehension?

A

Comprehension:
Phonemic awareness, executive functioning and other cognitive functions, background knowledge, vocabulary, decoding, orthography.

31
Q

How can you help reluctant readers?

A

Make reading fun (text choice), scaffolding, remediation.

32
Q

List intervention strategies for fluency issues.

A

Repeated readings: guided oral reading practice with immediate feedback.
Partner reading: pair stronger/weaker students to read aloud to one another providing feedback.
Listening preview: Follow along silently while listening to a fluent reader before reading.

33
Q

What is phonemic awareness?

A

Phonemic awareness:

Word comparison, rhyming, syllable identification, onset-rime, blending, segmenting, deletion, substitution.

34
Q

What is phonics/alphabetic principle?

A

Phonics:
Letter-sound associations, letter naming fluency, letter sound naming fluency, sound blending, segmenting, word identification, reading pseudowords (pretend words).

35
Q

What is poiesis?

A

Poiesis is bringing things into coherence, connecting ambiguous or disparate things, making new associations: making connections.

36
Q

What is mimesis?

A

Memesis is strengthening and fortifying what you know, repeating, amplifying, training.

37
Q

What are the big 5 for reading?

A

Comprehension, vocabulary, phonemic awareness, fluency, phonological processing (the ability to see or hear a word, break it down to discrete sounds, and then associate each sound with letter/s that make up the word)

38
Q

What are the standards for special education?

A

Access (informed consent, identification, assessment, specialized assessment, right of access to records, coordinated services), appropriateness (professional standards, parent involvement, placement, IPP), accountability (reporting, monitoring, provincial assessments), appeals.

39
Q

What are Piaget stages of development?

A

Sensorimotor Stage
Preoperational Stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal Operational stage

40
Q

What is the sensorimotor stage?

A

The sensorimotor stage is when infants are only aware of what is immediately in front of them. Experimenting with shaking or throwing things, putting things in their mouth, learning through trial and error.

41
Q

What is the preoperational stage?

A

Preoperational stage is when young children are able to think about things symbolically. Develop memory and imagination, engage in make believe.

42
Q

What is the concrete operational stage?

A

Concrete operational stage - demonstrate logical, concrete reasoning. Children less egocentric and aware of external events, but can’t think abstractly or hypothetically.

43
Q

What is the formal operational stage?

A

The formal operational stage is when adolescents are able to logically use symbols related to abstract concepts, such as algebra and science. Can formulate hypotheses and consider possibilities, ponder abstract relationships and concepts such as justice.

44
Q

Who came up with scaffolding?

A

Vygotsky

Individual Learning (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions