Midterm Flashcards
when the British attacked NY in late August 1776
the american army was fortunate to escape into NJ
on christmas night in 1776, Washington crossed the Delaware river to defeat
hessians
in late December 1776 , Washington was able to reverse American fortunes by
winning battles at Trenton & Princeton
Washington learned that the best hope to beta British would be
make a long war of attrition
in 1777 Washington dealt with the threat of smallpox to his army by
ordering a mass inoculation
americans won a tremendous victory in October 1777 with the surrender at saratoga of
Johnny Burgoyne
american victory at saratoga resulted in
France’s entry on american side
in 1779 Spain entered war as allies of
France
turning point in the south was
battle at kings mountain
the exploit of George rogers clark was the
conquest of the western frontier
in winter at valley forge , Washington army was decimated by all except
enemy attack
British shifted their military effort to the south to
utilize strength of local tories
Benedict Arnold became notorious late in the war by
going over to the British
american victory at Yorktown would have been impossible without
french assitance
news of Yorktown inspired British to
end the war ( revo )
an important factor in the conclusion of the peace treaty negotiations was that the
american decision to negotiate separately without the British
peace treaty was signed in
paris
John andre
ended Benedict Arnold plans
lord cornwallis
surrendered at Yorktown
john Burgoyne
lost at saratoga
Horatio gates
won at saratoga
admiral deGrasse
provided Washington with assistance at Yorktown
Thomas Paine
wrote american crisis
Nathaniel Greene
american commander known as fighting quaker
true / false : the 1st conflicts of the American revolution took place in south Carolina
false
true / false : during the war, Iroquois tribes like the Mohawks helped the americans fight against the British
false
true / false : by its final years the american war of indoence had become a world war
true
true / false : b4 the revo. was over the British were fighting Spanish , french & dutch as well as americans
false
true / false : in 1778 parliament adopted a program that granted all the american demands made prior to independence
true
the french and indian war was triggered by
conflicting french & english claims to the Ohio valley
as a result of George Washington’s engagement with the french at fort necessity
Washington was forced to surrender
the war that erupted between the French & the British in North American
became a world war
all of the following opposed Britain in the 7 years war except
Prussia
the decisive battle of the French & Indian war concluded with General Wolfe capture of
Quebec
as a result of the 1763 treaty of paris, Britain acquired
Florida
as result of its defat in the war, France
lost all of territory in North America
at the end of the war New Orleans & all of the french lands west of the Mississippi
wet to Spain
the immediate consequence of Pontiac’s rebellion resulted in most Americans believing that
all indians must be removed
in retrospect, British victory in the French & indian war
led to the loss of its American colonies about twenty years later
as a result of French & Indian war
sense of American nationalism was developing
royal proclamation of 1763
prohibited american settlement west of the Appalachians mountains
1st continental congress met in
Philadelphia
to aid in the war , George 111 hired germans known as
hessians
By 1790 the Indians
Remained a powerful threat to western settlement
The new congress gathered in the national catalog which was
New York City
Washington Secretary of State was
T. Jefferson
1st Supreme Court
Was led by Chief Justice John jay
In regard to religion , the constitution
Expresses hostility toward religion
Regard to state debts Hamilton proposed that
The federal government take them over
National bank proposed by Hamilton
Would provide a stable national currency
Madison & Jefferson objected to the national bank because
They believed in a strict interpretation of the constitution
Emergence of political parties
Reflected basic philosophical differences between Jefferson & Hamilton
Party led by Madison & Jefferson that opposed Hamilton was
Republicans
When Britain & France went to war , the US was ( against / with them )
Expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to express in either side
Edmond genet
Encouraged US to attack Spanish territory on frontier
Treaty of Greenville was an agreement between US &
Indians on northwest frontier
As result of John Jay’s treaty
British agreed to evacuate their northwest post by 1796
By the 1790’s, US became incensed with the British over
British seizure of American merchant vessels
Opposition to Hamilton excise tax on whiskey was strongest among
Frontier farmers
Daniel Boone led settlers into
Kentucky
The 1796 presidential election
Was the nations 1st partisan election
Under president Adams a war between US & France was
An undeclared naval conflict
In regard to land policy , Hamilton & federalist
Favored high land prices that would slow western settlement
At the time of the revolution, a republican form of government was
Rejected by the 1st state constitutions
Most of the state constitutions adopted during the revolution
Contained bill of rights
Under the articles of confederation congress
Combined legislature and executive power
During the revolution, a slave might gain his freedom
All of the above
In the era of the revolution the northern states
Took steps to abolish slavery
Abigail Adams appeal to her husband John to “ remember the ladies “
Was ignored
The 640 acre sections created in the northwest
Would likely be bought by land speculators
US departed from the colonial policies of Great Britain by
Promising equal statehood to all unsettled western territory
Northwest ordinance of 1787
Banned slavery in the northwest
An ongoing source of American tension toward the British was
British forts on American soil
US contended with Spain over
Freedom to navigate the Mississippi
Shays rebellion broke out in
Western Massachusetts
Shays rebellion led by
Indebted farmers
Shays rebellion was
Repressed by state militia
Constitutional convention met in
Philadelphia
The convention which assembled in May was suppose to
Revise the articles of confederation
Conventions most gifted philosopher who emerged as one of its central figures was
James Madison
Madison VA Plan
Create a two house congress
Great compromise
Listed explicit peers of the congress
Founders designed constitution so that only branch of government directly elected by voters would be the
House of Representatives
Under the constitution, members of the senate would
Be chosen by state legislatures
Presidents powers were limited by all of the following EXCEPT
He would be chosen by popular vote
In regard to Supreme Court , the constitution
Required to have chief of Justice
Article VI declares the constitution
Supreme law of the land
Most of the federalist essays were written by
A. Hamilton
Amendments to the constitution
Would be proposed by two - thirds of every congress
Federalist number 10 explains how a republic can
Be successful in large , diverse society
Federalist argued that
Size and diversity of large new country
Anti federalist leaders
Wanted bill of rights to protect individuals from new government
Which was a anti federalist
Patrick Henry
Last of 13 colonies to ratify constitution was
Rhode Island
As new constitution went to effect , franklin & Washington viewed its future with
Uncertainty
True / false : the quartering act required colonies to provide provisions and barracks for British soliders
True
True / false : stamp act placed 1st on new colonial postal system
False
True / false : the coercive acts were called intolerable acts
True
True / false : the constitutional association was created to enforce a boycott on British goods
True
True / false : fighting at Lexington and concord started the Revolutionary war
True
True / false : Washington led the colonial militias at Lexington and concord
False
True / false : John and Sam Adams “ patriot bros of PA “ argued fellow colonist to reject the arguments of common sense
False
True / false : t. Jefferson was chief author of Declaration of Independence
True
Sugar act of 1764
Taxed imports in order to raise revenue
Stamp act 1765
Required revenue stamps on legal and commercial documents
In response to the stamp act, Sons of Liberty
Engaged in mob violence
Stamp act congress
Petitioned the British to repeal stamp act
Declaratory act 1766
Reasserted governments right to tax the colonists
In response to American protests in 1766 parliament
Repealed stamp act
Letters of PA farmer
Argued that parliament had no right to levy taxes for revenue
Boston massacre
Grew out of crowd reaction and heckling of British spoilers in Boston
Objective of tea act
Bail out east India company
Purpose of coercive acts
Punish Boston for tea party
British marched to concord in an effort to
Seize weapons and arrest colonial leaders
British suffered greatest casualties
During retreat back to Boston
At battle of bunker hill
British suffered major casualties
Americans suffered a disastrous defeat when they attempted to capture
Quebec
Thomas Paine pamphlet , common sense
Made a powerful case for independence
Sam Adams
Organized sons of Liberty
Ethan Allen
Led green mountain boys
Crisps Attucks
Killed at Boston massacre
John Dickinson
Wrote letters of PA farmer
Paul revere
Rode to Lexington on April 18 1775
