Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

When did Ancient Greek culture flourish?

A

From 1100 BC to 146 BC.

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2
Q

What innovations and contributions to society did the Greeks give?

A

Foundation of modern day philosophy and democracy. Poetry, art, architecture, and science.

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3
Q

Describe Ancient Greek religion.

A

Polytheism: the belief in many gods.

1st culture to conceive of gods in their own image.

Orally passed down.

Greek and Roman overlaps.

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4
Q

When did Aristotle live?

A

386 BC to 322 BC

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5
Q

What was Aristotle’s famous book that described play structure and the nature of art?

A

Poetics

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6
Q

What play did Aristotle get many of his ideas from?

A

Many of his ideas of structure based off Oedipus Rex.

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7
Q

Tragedy

A

“An imitation of an action that is serious, complete & of certain magnitude.”

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8
Q

Goals of Tragedy

A

Imitates life
Brings out pity and fear
Releases emotions
The plot is more important than the character.

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9
Q

Catharsis

A

To purge heavy emotion.

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10
Q

Hamartia

A

A tragic flaw that causes downfall.

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11
Q

Hubris

A

Excessive pride or arrogance, especially against the gods.

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12
Q

Peripetia

A

Moment of reversal

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13
Q

Anagnorisis

A

Moment of recognition

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14
Q

Prologue

A

The opening that precedes the first song, introduces conflict

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15
Q

Episodes

A

Sections of a play between choral ode, progress action of narritive

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16
Q

Strophe

A

Chanting of chorus moves to left

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17
Q

Antistrophe

A

Chanting of Chorus moves to right

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18
Q

Ode

A

A long serious poem, a song of praise sung by the chorus

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19
Q

Inciting moment

A

Initial conflict that sparks the action

In Oedipus: The plague

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20
Q

Exposition

A

Background of themes and characters etc.

In Oedipus: Oedipus solved the riddle and is king. Oracle tells Creon the town must either kill or banish Laius’s murderer. One witness saw a band of thieves kill him.

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21
Q

Rising action

A

Increases tension or uncertainty dealing with the conflict.

In Oedipus: Tiresias claims that Oedipus is the killer. Oedipus accuses Creon. Jocasta describes Laius’s death at three highways and sends for the shepherd (witness)

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22
Q

Complication

A

Between rising action and climax

Messenger tells Oedipus that Polybus is dead and was never his real father. Jocasta pleads with Oedipus to stop questioning.

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23
Q

Climax

A

Moment if greatest tension, uncertainty, or audience involvement.

Oedipus talks to the shepherd who begins to reveal information about Oedipus’s birth and abandonment.

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24
Q

Reversal

A

Turning point (peripeteia)

Oedipus comes to anagnorisis and realizes what he did.

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25
Falling action
Earlier tragic force causes the fall of the hero Jocasta cries out "Laius!" and cannot believe what she did. Oedipus calls for a weapon, leading to believe that he would kill her.
26
Catastrophe
Spirals outward and is at the lowest point Jocasta kills herself and Oedipus stabs his eyes.
27
Resolution
Moment of last suspense Oedipus banished and Creon becomes king.
28
Allegory
An extended use of symbolism where characters, objects, and events all stand for larger, connected ideas outside the book
29
Religious Allegory in LOTF
Simon represents Jesus. The encounter with the Lord of the Flies is "Satan and Jesus" where Satan is tempting him. He is sacrificed.
30
Ralph (Social Allegory)
Order, civilization, leadership
31
Piggy (Social Allegory)
Technology, Science, Intelligence
32
Jack (Social Allegory)
Savagery
33
Simon (Social Allegory)
Spirituality, Human Goodness
34
Social Allegory in LOTF
When savagery overpowers civilization and rationality, the world devolves into chaos. Human goodness cannot survive in a world where savagery reigns over civilization. Technology has the capacity to be used for good and for evil.
35
Political Allegory in LOTF
WWII The initial civility of the boys represents the civilized countries before they resulted to violence and savagery. WWII ends with a bomb, LOTF ends with fire.
36
Allusion
A literary reference.
37
Allusion in LOTF
References to the "bomb."
38
When did William Golding live?
1911-1993
39
Where was William Golding from?
Great Britian
40
When was LOTF published?
1954
41
What is LOTF a parody of?
The Coral Island
42
When was WWII?
1939-1945
43
Direct Characterization
Author specifically tells reader of a personality trait.
44
Indirect characterization and types
``` Author SHOWS what the character is like. Speech Thoughts Effects on Others Actions Looks ```
45
Symbols
Objects, figures, colors, images, or characters used to represent something else.
46
Conch Shell Symbolism
Democracy, order
47
War Paint Symbolism
Savagery
48
Lord of the Flies (pig head) Symbolism
Human capacity for evil
49
Scar Symbolism
the civilization of their past life
50
Piggy's Glasses Symbolism
Rationality, Seeing the world clearly
51
Fire Symbolism
Civilization
52
Beastie Symbolism
Themselves
53
Theme
A universal message that a work communicates
54
Themes in Lord of the flies
``` Fear brings out the beast in everyone. Evil can take many forms. Innocence is lost through experience. The more you are surrounded by death, the less it affects you. Groups have more power than individuals. ```
55
When did John Steinbeck live?
1902-1968
56
Where did John Steinbeck grow up?
Salinas, California
57
When was Of Mice and Men published>
1937
58
Setting of OMAM
Salinas and Soledad California Great depression Migrant Workers
59
Bindle (OMAM slang)
Bundle of hay carried on one's back
60
Candy Wagon (OMAM slang)
bus
61
Flop (OMAM slang)
sexual encounter
62
Graybacks (OMAM slang)
lice
63
Hoosegow (OMAM slang)
prison
64
Looloo (OMAM slang)
attractive woman
65
Snooker (OMAM slang)
Billards, pool
66
Euchre (OMAM slang)
card game