Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SSCI Capstone > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

kinds of cells reproductive organs make

A

gonads
hormones
pheromones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sex determination

A

how our bodies come to have those biological attributes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

asexual reproduction

A

no sex determination
when whole adult body splits in 2
single adult only produces cells for reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amazon mollies and whiptail lizard don’t need male to reproduce. This demonstrates…

A

asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Simultaneous hermaphrodite

A

individuals who are both male & female
and both produce eggs & sperm

either self fertile, or self incompatible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nematode C. elegans & a perfect flower both have male and female parts. This demonstrates…

A

simultaneous hermaphrodite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what determines the type of gonad a person makes?

A

Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What determines the kinds of gametes an individual makes?

A

Environment & social environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wolbachia kill male embryo & sperm. this demonstrates that its sex determination is

A

social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Angle fish turn female when they land on a rock and male when they land on a female. Their sex determination is

A

social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clownfish take on a female role when the female dies. Their sex determination is

A

social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What determines the types of gonads a human makes?

A

chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Human Karotype

A

all chromosomes in a single human cell.

23 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1 sex determination is based on

A

presence of y chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

intially, 1 sex determination depends on

A

SRY Gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SRY gene creates

A

male gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Variation is

A

uncommon situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Klinefelter’s syndrome is when someone

A

has XXY genotype
osteoporosis
female body hair
but appears male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Turner Syndrome is when

A

female is missing x chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

1 sex determination consists of

A

gonads (test & ovary)
chromosomes
environment
social environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In 2 sex determination development, the reproductive system starts out

A

the same. internal and external parts are undifferentiated meaning person can still become either male or female.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

stages of gender determination

A

embryological & adolescent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 hormones in embryological stage

A

androgen
anti mullerian hormone
5 alpha dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

androgen causes _____ _____ to form in _____ reproductive system

A

mesonephric ducts; internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Anti-mullerian hormone causes degeneration of _____, _____ reproductive system. it is produced when ____ is present.

A

female; internal; SRY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

DHT leads to _____, ______ genitalia

A

external; male (aka penis & scrotum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Androgen insensitivity syndrome is a hormonal variation in which

A

cells are partially unable to react to androgen hormones that control development of male characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Guevedoces Syndrome or 5 alpha reductase deficiency only affects ____ and doesn’t convert _____ to DHT.

A

males; testosterone; DHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Androgential syndrome is a hormonal variation in _____ that causes excessive _____ production. This causes _____ characteristics to develop

A

females; androgen; male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Low Testosterone in female leads to

A

degeneration of mesonephric ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

absence in AMH in females leads to

A

development of paramesophric ducts (leads to female internal RS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Lack of 5a-DHT in females leads to

A

female external genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which male and female organ develop from same original structure?

A

ovaries & testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

2 degree sexual characteristics

A

Anatomy (sexual dimorphism)
Pheromones
Behavior
Health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

in puberty, ____ & _____ prepare body to reproduce

A

brain; endocrine

36
Q

role of hypothalamus

A

signals hormone production

37
Q

roles of pituitary gland

A

produces regulatory hormones & controls gonads

38
Q

Hormones in gonad lead to

A

adult secondary sex characteristics (testosterone in testes and estrogen/progesterone in ovaries)

39
Q

it is good to mate with someone w/ different MHCs for

A

immunity advantage

40
Q

direct benefits

A

increase # of babies they can have in lifetime

  • food
  • protection
  • parental care
  • territories
  • amount of sperm
  • female fecundity (amount of eggs female has)
41
Q

indirect benefits

A

quality of genes

-increase quality of offspring and results in more grandkids

42
Q

in courtship, _____ do choosing and _____ do courting.

A

females; males

43
Q

parental investment

A

time and energy spent by parent to help 1 offspring considering it will reduce their future reproductive success

44
Q

usually, ______ make more parental investment.

A

females

45
Q

sex role reversal

A

females compete for mates

males are selective

46
Q

sexual selection

A

advantage in which certain individuals have over others of same sex and species in exclusive relation to reproduction

47
Q

intrasexual selection

A

when members of one sex compete w/ one another for access to other sex

48
Q

dominance hierarchy

A

individuals that live in groups interact aggressively for while before sorting themselves out from top dog to bottom mutt

49
Q

______ and _____ success go hand in hand

A

dominance; reproductive

50
Q

sperm competition

A

older ones produces more

when one removes sperm from female

51
Q

mate guarding

A

making sure female doesn’t mate w/ any other mates

52
Q

red back spider

A

male throws self into female jaws so she can eat him after mating.

53
Q

good parent theory

A

explains aspects of male color, ornamentation, and courtship behavior as male’s capacity to provide parental care

54
Q

healthy mate theory

A

female preferences focus on courtship display & ornaments that serve as indicators of potential partner’s health

55
Q

good genes theory

A

male courtship displays give female information to choose male considering viability enhancing genes

56
Q

runaway selection theory

A

discriminated females acquire sperm w/ genes whose primary effect is to influence their daughters to prefer the male traits that they found attractive

57
Q

mate

A

what you do when you successfully complete courtship

58
Q

_____ invest more in each offspring

A

females

59
Q

males are limited by # of _____

A

mates

60
Q

Female limited by # of ____ & quality of _____

A

eggs; offspring

61
Q

Hybrid inviability

A

2 species mate, baby is hybrid & doesn’t survive

beach mouse & deer mouse

62
Q

Hybrid sterility

A

get to be born; but baby doesn’t have sperm or egg

mule

63
Q

Habitat adaptation

A

animal adapts to surroundings

galapagos finches & beak size

64
Q

Why animal homosexuality?

A

critical for access to food, protection, dominance/social status, future accesibility in mates, group care for babies

65
Q

Bonobo use ______ behaviors to solve _____ _____.

A

homosexual; power struggles

66
Q

Needy offspring require

A

both parents to take care of them so they survive

king penguin

67
Q

Rare mates is when

A

potential mates are rare.
in clown shrimp, mates needed to be shedded.
hard to find

68
Q

dymorphism

A

female larger than male

eat mate if they get chance

69
Q

female enforced is when

A

males don’t get a choice

burying battle lay eggs in dead animal

70
Q

True or False: monogamy is common in the wild

A

false

71
Q

extra pair copulation is when

A

they pair for life but they don’t mate for life

72
Q

Polgyny

A

many females

females are picky, males are easy

73
Q

resource defense

A

males defend food females want to eat.

females must mate with them before they can eat.

74
Q

scramble

A

males show up first and as females come out, they jump on them
(horseshoe crabs)

75
Q

polyandry

A

females mate with multiple males

76
Q

cooperative is when

A

because of cooperative hunting, females live w/ more males.

77
Q

promiscuity

A

mate rapidly
not picky
mate w/ diff species
can control which sperm produce eggs

78
Q

secondary female characteristics (internal)

A 
clitoris
uterus
fallopian tube
active mammary glands
vagina
79
Q

secondary male characteristics (internal)

A 
penis
vas deferens
scrotum
seminal vessels 
inactive mammary glands
80
Q

The results of phallic stage according to freud is that boys experience ______ _______ due to ______ ______ and girls experience ______ _______,

A

castration anxiety; oedipal complex; penis envy

81
Q

Social Learning theory by Bandura consists of

A

reinforcement
modeling
behaviorism

82
Q

problem with social learning theory

A

sees children as passive
children imitate more powerful parent
puts emphasis on society

83
Q

The Cognitive Developmental Theory by Piaget and Kohlberg involve

A

pattern seeking

84
Q

the problem with Cognitive Developmental Theory is

A

puts all emphasis on children themselves as invidividual creators of gender

85
Q

The Enculturated Lens Theory by Bem involves

A 
gender polarization
androcentrism
biological essentialism
encultuation
meta messages
86
Q

kids start to show preferences for same-sex playmates at age

A

2

SSCI Capstone (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions