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421 bs > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the steps to success?

A

1) Screening
2) Testing
3) Eval
4) Programming
5) Supervision

To avoid legal liability and by knowing standard of care

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2
Q

Why screen?

A

Minimize risk assoc. with PA and testing

Identify who to exclude from exercise (med. CI)

Identify those who need medically supervised program

Known disease require clearance before exercising

Special needs for safe and effective exercise plan

People can begin traditional ex. Programs

Benchmarks for goal setting

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3
Q

What are the 3 screening methods?

A

1.
General screening
2.
Specific screening interpreted by qualified professional
3.
Aware of known disease or self disclosed medical concern, advise to consult with healthcare provider

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4
Q

PARQ means

A

P
A
R
Questionnaire

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5
Q

HHQ

A 
establish medical/health risks for both activity assessment and activity participation.

At minimum, should address:
o
Family history
o
History of various diseases and illnesses including cardiovascular disease
o
Surgical history
o
Past and present health behaviors/habits
o
Current use of various drugs/medications
o
Specific history of various signs and symptoms suggested of CVD and other chronic or metabolic diseaSE
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6
Q

Risk Factors

A 
Age

Family History

Inactivity

Smoking

Obesity

Hypertension

Hyperlipidemia

Prediabetes
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7
Q

HIGH RISK:

A

KNOWN DISEASE or

S&S of CV, pulmonary or metabolic

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8
Q

≥ 2 RF :

A

MODERATE RISK

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9
Q
A

LOW RISK

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10
Q

Signs & Symptoms of CPM Diseases

A 
Pain in chest, neck, jaw etc.

Dyspnea

Syncope

Orthopnea

Ankle edema

Palpitations

Intermittent claudication

Heart murmur

Unusual fatigue or SOB
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11
Q

Contraindications to PA or testing

Do risks outweigh benefits?**

A 
Absolute

Non-negotiable; consult Dr.

Relative

‘It depends’; unique situation, check with Dr.

What are we trying to do here?
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12
Q

Absolute

A

Non-negotiable; consult Dr.

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13
Q

Relative

A

‘It depends’; unique situation, check with Dr.

What are we trying to do here?

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14
Q

Signs & Symptoms for stopping exercise

A 
Signs of confusion or inability to concentrate

Dizziness or syncope

Convulsions

Physical injury

Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue

Patient/client request to stop
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15
Q

What are the 5 stages of change?

A 
Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
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16
Q

Theory based interventions

A

provide strategies to incorporate exercise into their daily routines.
Assessing readiness for change is of greater importance providing ‘how to change’. (On test)
Use specific skills and strategies to aid clients in moving through SOC process.

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17
Q
  1. Pre-contemplation
    o‘
    GOAL for stage:
    Begin thinking about becoming PA/exercising
A

I won’t’ or ‘I can’t’
o Not exercising or thinking about starting w/in 6 mo.
oWon’t: disinterested, don’t believe there is a problem
oCan’t: dispirited, low self efficacy

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18
Q
  1. Pre-contemplation
    o‘
    GOAL for stage:
A

Begin thinking about becoming PA/exercising

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19
Q
  1. Contemplation

GOAL for stage: take steps to become PA and think about setting goals

A

“I might”
Inactive, intends to start taking action within 6 months
Aware of benefits, more dissatisfied with inactivity
Ex. Thinking of changing a healthy diet to go along with exercise
May be in this stage a while.

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20
Q
  1. Contemplation

GOAL for stage:

A

take steps to become PA and think about setting goals

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21
Q
  1. Preparation

GOAL for stage: increase PA to recommended level.

A

‘I will’
Exercising, but not meeting PA guidelines
Planning to make that change within 30 days
Experimenting with changes

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22
Q
  1. Preparation

GOAL for stage:

A

increase PA to recommended level.

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23
Q
  1. Action

GOAL for stage: continue to make PA regular part of life.

A

‘I am’
meeting physical activity goals, but for less than 6 months.
Greatest risk of relapse

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24
Q
  1. Action

GOAL for stage:

A

continue to make PA regular part of life.

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25
Q

5 Cognitive Processes

A

Change the way we THINK about PA
Most efficient for early stages
1.Consciousness raising –increase awareness, knowledge
2.Dramatic relief- warning of risks, arouse emotion
3.Environmental reevaluation –caring about consequences to self & others
4.Self Reevaluation – comprehending benefits. Importance in life.
5.Social Liberation –increasing healthy opportunities in their lives, society can support healthy behavior.

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26
Q

7 Behavioral Processes

A 
Change/initiate the actual behavior
Best for later stages
1.Decisional balance
2.Stimulus control
3.Self monitoring
4.Goal setting
5.Contract
6.Social Support
7.Relapse Prevention
27
Q

Self Efficacy

A

Confidence in ones ability to perform desired behavior
Assess/measure with questionnaire
Tailor feedback to each client
You believe in his/her ability
Identify perceived obstacles
Develop realistic strategies to overcome
What went wrong during previous attempts?
Use as learning experience

28
Q

Rewards
Provide motivation through change process
Two Main Types:

A
  1. INTRINSIC

2. EXTRINSIC

29
Q

Intrinsic:

A

pleasure from achieving/completing a task or goal

More sustainable over time

30
Q

2.Extrinsic:

A

tangible things earned by completing a task or accomplishing a goal.
rely on an outside source, and are therefore less likely to be sustained

31
Q

A common theme that binds all types of social support is

A

that the individual must share his/her goal with family and friends to allow them to provide support to the individual.

32
Q

Age

A

Men: ≥ 45 years old(y/o)
Women: ≥ 55 y/o

33
Q

(and Family History)

A

Family History: Biological parents, siblings, or children
Myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization (bypass surgery or angioplasty), or sudden cardiac death
Ages:
Men: before age 55
Women: before age 65

34
Q

(Pre)Diabetes

A 
Impaired Fasting Glucose(IFG)
≥ 100 but ≤ 125 mg/dL
Cannot eat before
Two separate occasions
A fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg dL−1 would indicate diabetes.
Impaired Glucose Tolerance(IGT)
≥ 140 but
35
Q

HTN

A

Systolic blood pressure of 140mmHg and diastolic bp of 90mmHg on at least 2 separate occasions or on antihypertensive medications

36
Q

LDL’s (Hyperlipidemia)

A

LDL’s: ≥ 130 mg/dL

HDL’s:

37
Q

Obesity

A 
BMI
For both genders: ≥ 30 kg/m2
Waist Circumference:
Men: > 102cm (40in)
Women: > 88cm (35in)
38
Q

Sedentary lifestyle

A

Not participating in at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity (40-

39
Q

smoking

A

Current cigarette smoker or quit within the last 6 months or have had over exposure to tobacco smoke

40
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is

A

the principal federal agency charged with the enforcement of safety and health laws in the workplace.

41
Q

Bloodborne Pathogens

A

*HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C

42
Q

Universal precautions:

A

always treat as if contaminated for BBP

43
Q

Why test?

A

Data for developing a program design
Collecting baseline and follow-up data
Motivating the participant by establishing individualized fitness goals
Educating about concepts of fitness
Stratifying risk and limiting potential for litigation

44
Q

*Minimize by starting at a

A

low intensity and gradually increasing intensity as one becomes accustomed.

45
Q

STEPS stands for what?

A 
Screening
Testing
Eval
Programming
Supervision
46
Q

Emergency Management

Key:

A

being prepared! Having a plan

47
Q

Components of Emergency Plans

A 
Life threatening vs. non-life threatening
Posted in strategic locations
Activation Code
Phone numbers
Location of phones
Location identification & accessibility
Locked doors or gates
Location of supplies
Information to share
Directions for personnel
Call for member assistance
Incident/accident reports
Non-medical (fire, bomb, weather
48
Q

Emergency Plan: Training

A

Ongoing is best, at least 2-3 times per year

49
Q

Liability:

A

legal responsibility, duty or obligation

50
Q

Contract law:

A

regulates the rights and obligations or parties that enter into a contract. A contract is an agreement between two or more parties that creates an obligation to do, or not to do, something that creates a legal relationship. If the agreement is broken, the parties have the right to pursue legal remedies. A contract can be written or verbal. The important elements of a contract include an offer and acceptance, also referred to as “meeting of the minds” and the exchange of something of value.

51
Q

Duty of Care: Refers to the level of

A

responsibility that one has to protect another from harm. In general, the legal standard is reasonable care under the circumstances, which is based on an examination of factual details.

52
Q

Release or waiver:

A

An agreement by a client before beginning participation, to give up, relinquish, or waive the participant’s rights to legal remedy (damages) in the event of injury, even when such injury arises as a result of provider negligence.

53
Q

Civil Law

A

Determines liability
Scope of practice
Avoid negligence
Tort law

54
Q

Tort Law

A tort is a Breach of

A

legal duty; civil wrong, whether intentional or accidental, from which an insult, injury, or death occurs to another person

  1. Intentional misconduct
  2. Negligent conduct
  3. No Fault
55
Q

*Negligence

A

an unintentional tort; people are required to act in a way that avoids creating an unreasonable risk to others
N.

56
Q

*Negligence

Reasonable person test:

A

Do not create unreasonable risk
Protect from foreseeable risk
Standards of care based upon guidelines of AHA, ASCM, NSCA, APTA etc.
Include these standards in employee manuals, job descriptions, training= DOCUMENTATIO

57
Q

Standard of Care

A

Identify & manage potential danger areas
Care of facility and equipment
Product Liability
Some things VOID the liability
Don’t change product or allow to deteriorate
Use product in a way NOT intended by mfctr
Apply warning labels
Inspect continually
Do not allow to use unsupervised

58
Q

*Documentation of Standards
Documentation:

A 
Written & detailed records of
Facility & Equipment repairs
Maintenance
Injury/treatment reports
Can demonstrate reasonable action
Enforce policies or do not have them
59
Q

Informed Consent

A

conveying complete understanding to a client or patient about option to choose to participate in a procedure, test, service, or program.

60
Q

*Assumption of Risk

A

Not liable for injuries b/c risks are inherent to activity

Not to minors

61
Q

Waiver**

Contract where person agrees not to

A

sue in event of injury caused by negligence of provider
Laws vary state to state
Clear, conspicuous, unambiguous
Doesn’t cover GROSS negligence
Basics include:
Proper title
At least 10 font
Clear language & in language spoken!
1 page
Separate from other documents
MUST use the term ‘negligence’ in document

62
Q

Insurance is

A

The easiest way to protect yourself and your organization from the legal liability and financial loss.

63
Q

Types of Insurance

*Should have

A
  1. general liability insurance

2. Professional liability insurance

64
Q

*Independent contractor liability :

A

General insurance doesn’t cover!
Require to provide own
List company as additionally insured

421 bs (2 decks)

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