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History of Jazz > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Jazz originated in blends of popular music, light classical music, and…

A

folk music

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2
Q

Creoles of color had ancestry that was…

A

part african part french

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3
Q

What language did creoles of color speak?

A

French

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4
Q

Blues revived from what?

A

field hollers

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5
Q

When brass and reed players played jazz, they imitated the scoops and drops of pitch used by

A

blues singers

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6
Q

In addition to brass instruments and percussion instruments, early Louisiana brass band also included a….

A

clarinet

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7
Q

What ia ragtime?

A

music that was put together like a military march

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8
Q

Why doesn’t ragtime qualify as jazz style?

A

it lacked swing feeling

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9
Q

What was the prostitution district in new orleans?

A

Storyville

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10
Q

Early jazz musicians cons constructed their repertory primarily to…

A

accompany dances

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11
Q

Why is the “party” atmosphere such a large contributor to the development of jazz?

A

it provided a demand for live music

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12
Q

What did louis armstrong primarily play?

A

trumpet

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13
Q

What is one of the ways early jazz differs from its ragtime, blues and brass band roots?

A

in early jazz, the performance was improvised

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14
Q

Earl hynes’ instrument was the…

A

piano

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15
Q

Who is the first “cool jazz” musician?

A

Bix Biderbecke

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16
Q

Who were the most influential trumpeters of the 1920s?

A

louis armstrong and bix biderbecke

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17
Q

What were the first jazz recordings made by?

A

The original dixieland jazz band

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18
Q

What was fats waller’s primary instrument?

A

piano

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19
Q

Where was New Orleans jazz recorded in first?

A

Chicago and New York

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20
Q

What did the trumpet play in collective improvisation?

A

the melody

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21
Q

What was jelly roll morton’s instrument?

A

piano

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22
Q

What is one thing about Louis armstrong?

A

He popularized scat singing

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23
Q

Who was called the “father” of stride piano?

A

James P. Johnson

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24
Q

Where were Louis Armstrong and Jelly Roll Morton from?

A

New orleans

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25
Q

What musician bridged the gap between ragtime and jazz piano, record well-organized solos with horn-like lines, balanced composition with improvisation and was the first important jazz composer?

A

Jelly Roll Morton

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26
Q

True or False: Ride rhythms are usually played on a suspended cymbal?

A

TRUE

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27
Q

True or false: In addition to being a timekeeper, the jazz drummer also acts as a colorist

A

TRUE

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28
Q

True or false: Each new jazz style tended to make the previous ones obsolete

A

FALSE

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29
Q

True or false: Performances must be completely improvised to be jazz

A

FALSE

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30
Q

What cymbal are ride rhythms usually played on?

A

Suspended cymbal

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31
Q

What are the two aspects that almost all jazz styles have in common?

A

Swing feeling and improvisation

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32
Q

What is the instrument that closes with a “chick” sound?

A

high-hat

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33
Q

What technique involves playing the piano in a syncopated manner?

A

comping

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34
Q

What normally is the beginning of a routine for jazz musicians?

A

Playing a tune they all know

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35
Q

What hand does the drummer use to play the snare drum?

A

Left

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36
Q

What is the technique when the bassist plucks a string once per beat?

A

walking

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37
Q

What is one complete progression of accompaniment chords?

A

chorus

38
Q

What makes up the rhythm section?

A

bass, drums, and chording instrument

39
Q

What is a bridge?

A

the B part of an AABA composition

40
Q

What is the AABA composition?

A

sequence to structure many popular songs

41
Q

What was the big deal with Kansas City, Kansas?

A

There was a huge demand for music

42
Q

What is a riff?

A

A short, repetitive, melodic rhythm

43
Q

What was the Count basie band?

A

william basie started a band that played KC style of jazz

44
Q

What did coleman hawking play?

A

tenor sax

45
Q

What did lester young play?

A

tenor sax

46
Q

What did art tatum and teddie wilson play?

A

piano

47
Q

What did roy eldridge play?

A

trumpet

48
Q

What was Duke ellington especially good at?

A

composing and arranging music (played piano)

49
Q

What was the cotton club?

A

all black entertainment, all white clientele

50
Q

Who was the father of the tenor sax?

A

lester young

51
Q

What did duke ellington play?

A

piano

52
Q

What did bennie goodman play?

A

clarinet

53
Q

What did louis armstrong play?

A

trumpet

54
Q

What are riffs sometimes used as?

A

background figures

55
Q

Who was the longest lasting big band musician?

A

duke ellington

56
Q

How many sections in a big band

A

3: reid, brass, and rhythm

57
Q

One way that swing differs from early jazz

A

Collective improvisation was rare in swing

58
Q

Three categories of instruments for big bands

A

Brass, sax phone, and rhythm section

59
Q

What is call and response?

A

A compositional technique in which one section states a theme as a question and another section states another theme to answer it

60
Q

What is rhythm guitar style?

A

Guitarist strumming one chord on each beat

61
Q

The rhythm section ordinarily contained what? (For big bands)

A

Piano, guitar, bass and drums

62
Q

Roy Eldridge bridged the gap between the style of..

A

Louis Armstrong and Dizzy Gillespie

63
Q

Roy Eldridge demonstrated..

A

Long sinewy lines were possible on the trumpet

64
Q

Who was considered to be the first important jazz tenor saxophonist?

A

Coleman Hawkins

65
Q

Coleman Hawkins is considered primarily as a ________ than a melodic improviser

A

A harmonic improviser

66
Q

two artists associated with Kansas City Jazz

A

Count Basie and Lester Young

67
Q

What are head arrangements?

A

Band arrangements created “off the top of someone’s head”. Never written down

68
Q

“Taxis War Dance” is an example of what arrangement?

A

Head arrangement

69
Q

Who was in Basie’a first rhythm section?

A 
Basie (piano)
Freddy Green (rhythm guitar)
Walter Page (string bass)
Jo Jones (drums)
70
Q

Some special qualities of the Basie Rhythm Section are..

A

Sense of tempo, quiet relaxed playing, buoyancy rather than intensity

71
Q

Bassist Walter Page contributed…

A

Even beats

72
Q

Freddie Green contributed..

A

Coordination with brass and drums

73
Q

Jo Jones contributed

A

Quite bass drum

74
Q

The Basie rhythm section was well…

A

Balanced

75
Q

Coleman Hawkins would be “chugging”, compared to Lester Young who was said to be..

A

“floating”

76
Q

The opposite of Coleman Hawkins is

A

Lester Young

77
Q

Sax player who is a model for “cool jazz”

A

Lester Young

78
Q

How would you describe Kansas City jazz?

A

Lighter and with two styles: blues and riff

79
Q

Brass section is made up of..

A

Trumpets and trombones

80
Q

Duke Ellingon was a.. (3 things)

A

Bandleader, pianist and composer

81
Q

Duke Ellington wrote portraits and pictures of..

A

Famous personalities and pictures of places

82
Q

Duke Ellington is widely acclaimed for having taken jazz into the format of..

A

Extended works

83
Q

Duke Ellington had two composition techniques

A

Voicing across sections and wordless vocal

84
Q

Important big bands were led by three people:

A

Duke Ellington (P), Count Basie (P), and Benny Goodman(C)

85
Q

Basie’s rhythm section played..

A

Lightly and swung with ease

86
Q

Roy Eldridge paved the way for ______ by improvising fiery, saxophone-like lines

A

Dizzy Gillespie

87
Q

Art Tatum possessed phenomenal..

A

Speed

88
Q

Art Tatum was known for..

A

spontaneously changing and adding chords in pop tune accompaniments and adding creating rhythmic surprises

89
Q

Mary Lou Williams was a ____ pianist who mastered many styles

A

Versatile. And created arrangements for many others.

90
Q

One of the most important functions for swing bands of the 30’s and 40’s was to…

A

Provide dance music

91
Q

Big band style does not necessarily mean…

A

swing style

History of Jazz (3 decks)

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