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Psych 250 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Debriefing

A

A procedure used at the end of experiment involving deception, in which participants are informed of the true purpose of the study

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2
Q

Institutional review Board

A
  1. Protect the client
  2. Protect the institution
  3. Protect the researcher
  4. Provide oversight of institutional research
  5. Provide research guidelines
  6. Review research materials
  7. Report to outside agencies
  8. Membership is diverse (psychologist, clinicians, social workers, non-scientist, non-institution member, member of special interest, attorney)
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3
Q

Confidentiality

A

Keeps name, IP Address, email address confidential

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4
Q

Internal Validity

A

The extent to which any changes in the independent variable can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable. Ex: things that weren’t taken into consideration

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5
Q

Independent variable

A

Something that can take on different values and can be measured

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6
Q

Dependent variable

A

The variable that is expected to be affected by the independent variable, the variable that is measured by the experimenter

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7
Q

Ecological validity

A

The extent to which the testing environment is typical of the participants daily environment

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8
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

Observe people without knowing that they’re being observed. Low reactivity high ecological validity

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9
Q

Case study

A

Intensive study of one individual. Not enough participants

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10
Q

Survey research

A

Study in which participants complete a questionnaire. Problem with wording, options, types of questions

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11
Q

Interview

A

Get In Depth Answers
Increases reactivity, bias answers
Easier to understand easier to fix problems
Issues with validity

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12
Q

Levels of measurement

A

Nominal scale=categorical/discrete , male/female, yes/no
Ordinal scale=ranking is responses. From least favorite to most favorite
Interval Scale= measure how much of something. Level of IQ
Ratio Scale= continuous. Absolute value of difference

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13
Q

Correlation design

A

A study that produces a number indicating the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables

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14
Q

Intervening variable

A

A variable that is likely to affect the results of an experiment if it is not controlled

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15
Q

Control Variable

A

A variable that is manipulated by the experiment in order to minimize its affect on the dependent variable
Ex: study experiment, everyone studies the same subject

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16
Q

Confounding variable

A

A variable that varies systematically with the independent variable
Ex: time, students

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17
Q

Random selection

A

A method of selecting participants in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the study

18
Q

W Wundt

A

Established first psychology laboratory in Germany 1879

Beginning of scientific psychology

19
Q

Operational Definition

A 
A definition that describes the procedure used to produce or measure a concept
Advantages: 
Facilitates agreement on definition 
Facilitates understanding
Common vs techniques usage
More precise
Important for replication 
It allows for comparisons across researchers
20
Q

Absolute threshold

A

Point I’d first sensation

Not the same for everyone

21
Q

Method of limits

A

An experimental procedure involving the presentation of either rising or falling intensity of stimuli
Creates accurate data

22
Q

Difference threshold

A

The minimum difference in intensity needed to distinguish two stimuli

23
Q

Signal of Detection Theory

A

The detection is a stimulus is a function of an interaction between the characteristics of the stimulus and characteristics of the respondent

24
Q

Receiver Operation Characteristics

A

Characteristics of respondents that influence how they respond to stimuli

25
Q

Pure insertion

A

Adding an additional mental modules

26
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

A form of learning in which the consequences of a behavior influence the probability that the behavior will reoccur

27
Q

Counterbalancing

A

A technique used to systematically vary the order in which conditions are presented in an experiment

28
Q

Small n design

A

An experiment design that only has 1-5 participants

Not generalized results

29
Q

Priming

A

People respond faster to familiar similar stimuli than unfamiliar

30
Q

Blindsight

A

Unconscious vision we are not aware of

31
Q

Subtractive Method

A

More stages require more time

32
Q

Perception/ Sensation

A

Sensation senses

Perception how we interpret it organize it

33
Q

Regression of Mean

A

Extreme score in one test can lead to extreme score in another

34
Q

Hypothesis

A

a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations

35
Q

Theory

A

Need

36
Q

Falsification

A

Need

37
Q

Generalization

A

Ind influences dependent variable

38
Q

Parsimony

A

Acceptance of simplest assumption in the formulation of a theory or in the interpretation of data

39
Q

External validity

A

J

40
Q

Informed Consent

A

Agreement to participate in a research study after being fully informed about what it will entail.

  1. purpose
  2. right to decline to participate
  3. Describe factors that are relevant to their decision to participate
  4. foreseeable consequences
  5. Prospective research benefits
  6. Describe limits of confidentiality
  7. Describe incentives to participate
  8. Tell them where to ask questions

Psych 250 (1 decks)

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