Midterm Flashcards
Debriefing
A procedure used at the end of experiment involving deception, in which participants are informed of the true purpose of the study
Institutional review Board
- Protect the client
- Protect the institution
- Protect the researcher
- Provide oversight of institutional research
- Provide research guidelines
- Review research materials
- Report to outside agencies
- Membership is diverse (psychologist, clinicians, social workers, non-scientist, non-institution member, member of special interest, attorney)
Confidentiality
Keeps name, IP Address, email address confidential
Internal Validity
The extent to which any changes in the independent variable can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable. Ex: things that weren’t taken into consideration
Independent variable
Something that can take on different values and can be measured
Dependent variable
The variable that is expected to be affected by the independent variable, the variable that is measured by the experimenter
Ecological validity
The extent to which the testing environment is typical of the participants daily environment
Naturalistic Observation
Observe people without knowing that they’re being observed. Low reactivity high ecological validity
Case study
Intensive study of one individual. Not enough participants
Survey research
Study in which participants complete a questionnaire. Problem with wording, options, types of questions
Interview
Get In Depth Answers
Increases reactivity, bias answers
Easier to understand easier to fix problems
Issues with validity
Levels of measurement
Nominal scale=categorical/discrete , male/female, yes/no
Ordinal scale=ranking is responses. From least favorite to most favorite
Interval Scale= measure how much of something. Level of IQ
Ratio Scale= continuous. Absolute value of difference
Correlation design
A study that produces a number indicating the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables
Intervening variable
A variable that is likely to affect the results of an experiment if it is not controlled
Control Variable
A variable that is manipulated by the experiment in order to minimize its affect on the dependent variable
Ex: study experiment, everyone studies the same subject
Confounding variable
A variable that varies systematically with the independent variable
Ex: time, students
Random selection
A method of selecting participants in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the study
W Wundt
Established first psychology laboratory in Germany 1879
Beginning of scientific psychology
Operational Definition
A definition that describes the procedure used to produce or measure a concept Advantages: Facilitates agreement on definition Facilitates understanding Common vs techniques usage More precise Important for replication It allows for comparisons across researchers
Absolute threshold
Point I’d first sensation
Not the same for everyone
Method of limits
An experimental procedure involving the presentation of either rising or falling intensity of stimuli
Creates accurate data
Difference threshold
The minimum difference in intensity needed to distinguish two stimuli
Signal of Detection Theory
The detection is a stimulus is a function of an interaction between the characteristics of the stimulus and characteristics of the respondent
Receiver Operation Characteristics
Characteristics of respondents that influence how they respond to stimuli
