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Nat Birth > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

how hcg meausured and time frame

A
  • urine (around missed period)
  • serum (9d after ovulation)
  • do quantitative
  • if miscarriage, ectopic.. do serial
  • US will tell you if viable … at 6 weeks… TVUS
    heartbeat
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2
Q

1st tri US - for what?

A
  • accurate due date
  • know if premature, if baby is growing properly, for other testing
  • if you know due date but ssx don’t make sense
    if pelvic pain, abd pain, spotting/bleeding
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3
Q

What are the reasons to know an accurate due date?

A

Pre-post maturity, out of hospital birth, testing

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4
Q

Pt experienced vaginal bleeding.

what do you ask her?

A

○ how long, pad?, streak of blood when wiping, how much?
○ color?
cramping?

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5
Q

Vaginal Bleeding during pregnancy DDX? - What kind of bleeding is common?

A

Cervicitis, vaginal lesions, polyps, threatened miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, physiologic bleeding, intercourse, etc.

  • What kind of bleeding is common?
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6
Q

Suppose she has cramping at 7 weeks

- would US r/o or r/i spontaneous abortion?

A
  • yes bc heart beat

- can’t find w a doppler (only at 10 wks)

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7
Q

Common Eti for spontaneous abortion

A
  • abN cell divison, MC is chromosomal abN, progesterone xu

- congenital abN, trauma, exposure to teratogens, uterine abN/infx, etc. (know 1)

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8
Q

Low R Quadrant pain DDx

A
  • ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst, appendicitis, round ligament pain, diverticulitis
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9
Q

Where do most Ectopic Pregn implant?

A

fallopian tubes

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10
Q

When should a pt establish prenatal care?

A

1st trimester

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11
Q

What are some labwork on the first visit? (know 2)

A

HIV, TSH, urine culture, PAP, GC, blood type

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12
Q

What increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy?

A

Tubal surgery, other tubal issues, DES exposure, infertility, previous PID, having IUD, previous STI infection (GC/US)

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13
Q

What advice regarding weight gain?

A
  • 25-35 pounds
  • 1 lb/wk
  • don’t diet
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14
Q

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY RUPTURE when? findings?

A

@ 6-12 weeks

Internal bleeding, shock, death.. medical emergency

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15
Q

How can you Dx and r/o ectopic pregnancy?

A

Repeated US and serum HCG.

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16
Q

TX OPTIONS for ectopic pregnancy

A

Methotrexate and surgery.

17
Q

Prenatal panel

A

avorh, CBC, hepatitis, antibody screen, syphilis, HIV, urine culture, pap, gonorrhea, chlamydia, blood type testing (Rh- needs RHOGAM)

18
Q

Nutritional Guidelines

A 
Increase protein to 60mg
increase calories
Avoid raw fish
Take vitamin
Heated deli meat
Eat quality food
Incorporate veggies
19
Q

When does an implantation occur in pregn (about teratogens)?

A
  • 4-5th wk of preg or 1 wk after fertilization
20
Q

Why is smoking dangerous? (know 2)

A
  • premature, still birth, decrease O2 supply, increased resp dz to child, etc.
21
Q

Why are ppl nauseous in pregnancy?

A
  • increased peristalsis, gastric secretions, etc.
22
Q

2 vits/herbs for nausea (know 2)

A

b6, k c, cardamom, mint

23
Q

How does nausea resolve in pregnancy on its own?

A

resolved bc placenta takes over making hormones

24
Q

HYPEREMISIS GRAVEDERIM

  • what is it?
  • DDX’s?
A
  • uncontrollable nausea vomiting, weak, dehydrated

- DDX: St flu, appendicitis, gb dz, kd infx

25
Q

SOB w bad lab work indicating anemia… 2 herbs?

A

rhumex, nettles, teraxicum

26
Q

2 risk dt anemia?

A

post partum hemorrhage, etc.

27
Q

Teratogens… when else in life is a person vulnerable to teratogens?

A

wks 5-10 in fetal life during organogenesis, at newborn, adolescence, and during luteal cycle in women (breastfeeding)…

28
Q

best way to faciliated oxytocin release during pregnancy

A

relaxed, dim lights, no talking

29
Q

sleepy 1st trimester pt? hormone?

A

progesterone

30
Q

Herbal Tx for insomnia (know 1)

A

scutilaria, chamomile, valerian

31
Q

Fetal alc syndrome

A
  • pre or post natal size of head cirumference delay, flattened face, upturned nose, etc.

Nat Birth (3 decks)

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