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COM 101 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

is a transactional process of sharing meaning with others

A

communication

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2
Q

involved in communication as an initiator and encoder

A

sender

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3
Q

involved in communication as a stimulus that produces meaning

A

message

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4
Q

involved in communication as a medium through which a message travels such as oral or written

A

channel

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5
Q

involved in communication as a decoder of a message

A

receiver

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6
Q

involved in communication as a interference with effective transmission and reception of a message

A

noise

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7
Q

what incorporates multiple channels besides words, such as gestures, facial expressions, tone of voice, posture, and other nonverbal cues. Face to face is an example

A

channel rich

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8
Q

what incorporates a single channel devoid of the richness of nonverbal cues is available for understanding

A

channel lean

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9
Q

what is less restrained and more spontaneous but also impersonal, channel lean communication can be what?

A

disinhibiting

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10
Q

what is a roadblock in communicating, can be reflected in word choice that is confusing or distracting and creates interference

A

semantic noise

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11
Q

what is the receiver’s verbal and nonverbal responses to a message

A

feedback

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12
Q

what includes our cultural background, ethnicity, geographic location, extent of travel, general personal experiences accumulated over the course of a lifetime

A

fields of experience

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13
Q

what refers to what is actually said and done

A

content dimension

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14
Q

what refers to how that message defines or redefines the association between individuals

A

relationship dimension

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15
Q

what is the conscious pattern humans create out of their interpretation of experience

A

meaning

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16
Q

what is engaging in communication with others that is perceived to be both effective and appropriate in given context

A

Communication competence

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17
Q

what is the degree to which we have progressed toward the achievement of our goals

A

effectiveness

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18
Q

what is the behavior that is viewed as legitimate for or fitting to the context

A

appropriateness

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19
Q

what is the environment in which communication occurs who, what, whom, why, where, when, how

A

context

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20
Q

what is a followable prescription that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts

A

rule

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21
Q

what is the successful performance of a communication behavior and the ability to repeat such a behavior

A

communication skill

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22
Q

what is receptive accuracy whereby we can detect, decode, and comprehend signals in our social environment

A

sensitivity

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23
Q

what is when we thing about our communication and continually work at changing what we do in order to become more effective

A

mindful

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24
Q

what is it when we are not cognizant of our communication with others and we put little to no effort into improving it

A

mindless

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25
Q

what is it when members communicate electronically and rarely if ever meet face to face

A

virtual groups

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26
Q

what is a passion for excellence accepting nothing less than the best that you can be

A

commitment

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27
Q

what is a system for judging moral correctness by using an agreed upon set of standard to determine what constitutes right and wrong behavior

A

ethics

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28
Q

What are the five ethical standard?

A

respect, honest, fairness, choice, responsibility

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29
Q

what is the emotional atmosphere, the pervading or enveloping tone that we create by the way we communicate with others

A

communication climate

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30
Q

what is a pattern of willingness to communicate

A

openness

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31
Q

what is a patters of confirmation of the worth and value of others and a willingness to help others succeed

A

supportiveness

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32
Q

what is a pattern of unwillingness to communicate with others

A

closedness

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33
Q

what is a patters of protective reaction to a perceived attack on our self esteem and self concept

A

defensiveness

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34
Q

Defensiveness takes what three forms

A

deny
counterattack
withdraw

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35
Q

what is a process of mutually exclusive goal attainment

A

competition

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36
Q

what is a process of mutually inclusive goal attainment

A

cooperation

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37
Q

what is the realization of personal goals without having to defeat an opponent

A

individual achievement

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38
Q

what is the excessive emphasis on beating others to achieve one’s goals

A

hypercompetitiveness

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39
Q

what occurs when competing against others produces a positive, enjoyable experience and promotes increased efforts to achieve victory without jeopardizing positive interpersonal relationships and personal well being

A

constructive competition

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40
Q

what is thinking and feeling what you perceive another to be thinking and feeling

A

empathy

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41
Q

what is the degree of liking we have for members of a group, the level of commitment to the group that this liking produces

A

cohesiveness

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42
Q

what is the process by which our sense organs that contain sense receptors change physical energy into neural impulses that are sent to our brains

A

sensation

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43
Q

what is the process of selecting organizing and interpreting sensory data

A

perception

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44
Q

what is frequency perceived as

A

pitch

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45
Q

what is sound variation/ loudness

A

amplitude

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46
Q

what is the level of sensitivity of our senses

A

sensory acuity

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47
Q

what is the most representative or best example of something

A

prototype

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48
Q

what is a generalization about a group of category

A

stereotype

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49
Q

what is a predictable sequence of events that indicates what we are expected to do in a given situation

A

script

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50
Q

what is assigning causes to behavior

A

attributions

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51
Q

what are mental frameworks that create meaningful patterns from stimuli

A

schema

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52
Q

what is the sum total of everything that encompasses the self-referential term “me”

A

self concept

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53
Q

what is a preoccupation with one’s body size and perceives that though one is muscular, they look small

A

muscle dysmorphia

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54
Q

what refers to messages you receive from others that assess your self concept

A

reflected appraisal

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55
Q

what is the evaluative element of self-perception

A

self-esteem

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56
Q

what is your self-esteem also influenced by what is perceived as most important to you feeling good about yourself

A

self-worth

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57
Q

what is the tendency to attribute our successful behavior to ourselves fut to assign external circumstances to our unsuccessful behavior

A

self-serving bias

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58
Q

what is the process of purposely revealing to others personal information about yourself that is significant and that others would not know unless you told them

A

self-disclosure

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59
Q

what refers to the range of subjects discussed

A

breadth

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60
Q

what refers to how personal you become when discussing a particular subject

A

depth

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61
Q

what is our strong tendency to be influenced more heavily by negative than positive information

A

negativity bias

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62
Q

what is the tendency to be more influenced by initial information about a person than when gathered later

A

primacy effect

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63
Q

what is overemphasizing personal traits and underemphasizing situation as causes of other people’s behavior

A

fundamental attribution error

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64
Q

what refers to negative feelings about members of a group

A

prejudice

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65
Q

what refers to any behavior that manifests these negative feelings of prejudice

A

discrimination

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66
Q

what is a subtle form of discrimination that embraces the positive stereotype of woman as pure creatures

A

benevolent sixism

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67
Q

what is antipathy toward women who are viewed as unsurping men’s power

A

hostile sexism

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68
Q

what occurs when we tend to remember information that supports our stereotypes but forget information that contradicts

A

selective memory bias

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69
Q

What is a perceived threat from apprehension that a person will be evaluated based on a negative stereotpe

A

stereotype vulnerability

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70
Q

what is acting on an erroneous expectation that produces the expected behavior and confirms the original impression

A

self-fulfilling prophecy

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71
Q

what predicts that interacting and becoming more familiar with members of stereotyped groups can diminish prejudice resulting from stereotyping

A

contact theory

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72
Q

what is a common valued goal

A

superordinate goal

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73
Q

what is a learned set of enduring values, beliefs, and practices that are shared by an indentifiable large group of people

A

culture

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74
Q

what are the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile thinking or behavior

A

values

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75
Q

what is what a person thinks is true or probabale

A

beliefs

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76
Q

what is a group of people who live in a dominant culture yet remain connected to another cultural heritage that typically exhibits significant differences in values, beliefs, and practices

A

co-culture

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77
Q

what is varying degrees of importance placed on those deeply felt views of what is right, food, and worthwhile

A

value dimensions

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78
Q

what has a me consciousness

A

individualist culture

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79
Q

what has a we consciousness

A

collectivist culture

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80
Q

what is the communication of shared cultural practices, beliefs, and values from generation to generation

A

socialization

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81
Q

what is verbally precise, direct, and explicit

A

low-context communication style

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82
Q

what uses indirect verbal expression

A

high-context communication style

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83
Q

what is the acceptability of unequal distribution of power

A

power-distance dimension

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84
Q

what is divided into various levels of power that put distance between the haves and have nots

A

stratified

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85
Q

what is called a horizontal culture, values relatively equal power sharing and discourages attention to status differences and ranking in society

A

low PD culture

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86
Q

what is called a vertical culture, relatively strong emphasis on maintaining power distances

A

High PD culture

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87
Q

what is the notion that ones own culture is superior to any other

A

ethnocentrism

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88
Q

what views cultures as merely different not deficient

A

cultural relativism

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89
Q

what is intellectual movement that promotes the value of diversity as a core principle and insists that all cultural groups be treated with respect and as equals

A

multiculturism

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90
Q

what posits that when strangers first meet their principal goal is to reduce uncertainty and to increase predictability

A

uncertainty reduction theory

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91
Q

what comes from the unfamiliarity of new cultural surrounding, rules, norms, and practices

A

culture shock, acculturative stress

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92
Q

what refers to differences that separate people

A

divergence

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93
Q

what refers to similarities that connect us to others

A

convergence

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94
Q

what is biology, genes, gonads, and hormones

A

sex

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95
Q

what is social role behavior learned from communicating with others

A

gender

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96
Q

what is the intersection of gender and culture serves as the basis for a third deep structural value

A

masculine-feminine dimension

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97
Q

what exhibits steotypic masculine traits such as male dominance, ambitiousness, assertiveness, and competitiveness

A

masculine culture

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98
Q

what exhibits stereotypic feminine traits such as affection, nurturance, sensitivity, compassion, emotional expression

A

feminine cultures

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99
Q

what is having sexual intercourse when you don’t want to

A

compliant sex

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100
Q

what is the assertion that men and women communicate in vastly divergent ways

A

gender differences hypothesis

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101
Q

what is having difficulty and fears about expressing one’s feelings and difficulty finding words to express basic emotions

A

emotionally restrictive

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102
Q

what is some researchers don’t think gender differences in communication are significant

A

gender similarities hypothesis

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103
Q

what magnifies even small gender differences

A

gender role stereotypes

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104
Q

what is the structured system of symbols for communicating meaning

A

language

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105
Q

what is the set of rules that specify how the units of language can be meaningfully combined

A

grammar

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106
Q

what are the individual units of sound that ocmpose a specific spoken language

A

phonemes

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107
Q

what is a part of grammer that describes the patterns of sound in a language

A

phonology

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108
Q

what is the smallest unit of meaning in language

A

morpheme

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109
Q

what is the part of grammar that describes how morphemes are constructed meaningfully from phonemes

A

morphology

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110
Q

what is a morpheme that may be a stand alone word

A

free morpheme

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111
Q

what is a morpheme that is a unity of meaning

A

bond morpheme

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112
Q

what are rules that govern combining words into phrases and phrases into sentences

A

syntax

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113
Q

what is the set of rules that governs the meaning of words and sentences

A

semantics

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114
Q

what are arbitrary representations of objects, events, ieas, or relationships

A

symbols

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115
Q

what are the objects events idease or relationships reffered to by the words

A

referents

116
Q

what is total vocabulary

A

lexicon

117
Q

what is the capacity to transform a small number of phonemes into whatever words, phrases, and sentences that you require to communicate your abundance of thoughts and feelings

A

productivity

118
Q

what is the ability to talk abouth things not in the physical here and now

A

displacement

119
Q

what is the ability to use language to talk about language

A

self relexive

120
Q

what is the process whereby we formulate increasingly vague conceptions of our world by leaving out details associated with objects events and ideas

A

abstracting

121
Q

what are verbal reports that sketch what we perceive from our sense

A

descriptions

122
Q

what are the conclusions about the unknown based on the known

A

inferences

123
Q

what are subjective evaluations of objects, events, or ideas

A

judgments

124
Q

what language makes women virtually invisible and brands them as less powerful and less important

A

gender biased language

125
Q

what is a name or a descriptive word or phrase

A

label

126
Q

what is influence wording has on our perception of choices

A

framing

127
Q

what is an automatic, emotional response to a symbol

A

signal reaction

128
Q

what is a personal meaning

A

connotation

129
Q

what is a shared meaning

A

denotations

130
Q

what is a delayed, thoughful response that seeks to decipher the user’s inteded meaning of a word

A

semantic reaction

131
Q

what is using either or language to frame a choice as though only two opposite ossibilities exist when a least there is a third

A

false diochotomy

132
Q

what grounds a label by specifying which measurable behaviors or experiences are subsumed under the label and which are ruled out

A

operational definition

133
Q

what refers to the practice of remaining stuck at one level of abstraction

A

dead-level abstracting

134
Q

what is it when you assume that everyone assigns the same meaning to a word without checking to see if it is true

A

by passing

135
Q

what is a form of linguistic novocain whereby word choices numb us to our camouflage unpleasant or offensive realities

A

euphemism

136
Q

what is highly informal words not in standard usage that are employed by a group with common interest

A

slang

137
Q

what is sharing meaning with others nonlinguistically

A

nonverbal communication

138
Q

what is it when you expect most messages to be deceptive

A

lie bias

139
Q

what are inconsistencies between verbal and nonverbal messages

A

mixed messages

140
Q

what is a perceived advantage accorded those who are viewed as attractive

A

beauty bias

141
Q

what are the right and left sides match each other

A

bilateral symmetry

142
Q

what is the smaller the waist is compared to the hips

A

waist to hip ratio

143
Q

appears to be relatively broad shoulders and narrow waist and hips

A

wedge shape

144
Q

what is the study of both facial communication and gestures

A

kinesics

145
Q

what is blinking, eye contact study called

A

oculesics

146
Q

what is it called when facial expressions effect emotions

A

facial feedback hypothesis

147
Q

what re gestures made by one part of the body

A

manipulation

148
Q

what are culture specific prescriptions that dictate the appropriateness of behaviors

A

display rules

149
Q

what are gestures that help explain what a person says to another person

A

illustrators

150
Q

what is the study of touch

A

haptics

151
Q

what is the least intense form of touching

A

functional-professional touch

152
Q

what occurs during initial introductions, business relationships, formal occassions

A

social-polite touching

153
Q

what is the most ambiguous form of touching and leads to the most understandings between people

A

friendship-warmth touch

154
Q

what is reserved only for a very few special individuals

A

love and intimacy touch

155
Q

what are vocal cues

A

paralanguage

156
Q

what is the influence that distance and territoriality

A

proxemics

157
Q

what is a predisposition to defend a fixed geographic area or territory

A

territoriality

158
Q

what is the process of receiving constructing meaning from and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages

A

listening

159
Q

what is shared meaning between or among parties in a transaction

A

comprehension

160
Q

what is it when listeners must be able to discern breaks between recognizable words

A

speech segmentation

161
Q

what is the physiological process of registering sound waves as they hit the eardrum

A

hearing

162
Q

what is it called when your cramming

A

information bulimia

163
Q

what is the rate at which we no longer retain information in our memort

A

forgetting curve

164
Q

what is a competitive vying for attention and focus on self by shifting topics

A

shift response

165
Q

what is the tendency of listerners to turn the topics of ordinary conversations to themselves without showing sustained interest in others’ conversations

A

conversational narcissism

166
Q

what is the cooperative effort to focus attention on the other person

A

support response

167
Q

what occurs when one person stops speaking when another person starts speaking

A

interrupting

168
Q

what occurs when we dominate the conversation by seizing the floor from others who are speaking

A

competitive interrupting

169
Q

what occurs when listeners’ attention wanders and daydreaming occus

A

glazing over

170
Q

what is pretend listening

A

pseudolistening

171
Q

what occurs whn we listen for weaknesses and ignore strengths of a speaker’s message

A

ambushing

172
Q

what is the process of evaluating the merits of claims as they are heard

A

critical listening

173
Q

what is a generalization that remains to be proven

A

claim

174
Q

what is the process of listening to claims evaluating evidence and reasoning supporting those claims and drawing conclusions based on possibilities

A

skepticism

175
Q

what is a willingness to accept claims without solid reasoning or valid evidence and to hold these beliefs tenaciously even if a googol on contradictory evidence disputes them

A

true belief

176
Q

what is naysaying, fault finding, and ridiculing

A

cynicism

177
Q

what is someone who smells flowers and looks fora coffin

A

cynic

178
Q

what is the tendency to seek information that supports ones beliefs and to ignore information that contradicts those beliefs

A

confirmation bias

179
Q

what is inventing superficial, even lame, alternative explanations for contradictory evidence

A

rationalization of disconfirmation

180
Q

what is inappropriately assuming the validity of a claim unless it is proven false by another person who never made the original claim

A

shiftend the burden of proof

181
Q

what is the obligation of the person making the claim to present compelling evidence and reasoning to support it

A

burden of proof

182
Q

what is the law that with large enough numbers almost anything is likely to happen

A

law of very large numbers

183
Q

what is it when competing explanation or theories fit the facts

A

principle of parsimony

184
Q

what is it requires us to take the perspective of the other person to listen for what that person needs and wants

A

empathic listening

185
Q

what are the types of initial verbal reactions we make when another person comes to us with a problem reveals a frustrating event

A

response styles

186
Q

what makes a judgment about the person’s conduct

A

evaluative response

187
Q

what tells people how they should act

A

advising response

188
Q

what is it when we express what we think is the underlying meaning of a situation presented to us

A

interpreting response

189
Q

what comprehends the literal meaning of messages from others but doesn’t recognize the feelings that ride piggyback

A

content only response

190
Q

what seeks more information from others by asking questions

A

probing response

191
Q

what includes expressions of care, concern, affection, and interest

A

supporting response

192
Q

what requires a listener to check his or her preceptions for comprehension of the speaker’s message

A

understanding response

193
Q

what is it when you begin with a behavior description follow with an interpretation of the behavior

A

perception chekcing

194
Q

wha is a concise response to the speaker which states the essence of the others content in the listeners words

A

paraphrasing

195
Q

what enhances the person’s self esteem and confidence

A

confirming response

196
Q

what type of responses diminish the person and reduce confidence

A

disconfirming

197
Q

what is the exercise of power over others

A

dominance

198
Q

what is the power used to thwart the influence of others

A

prevention

199
Q

what is the power derived from enhancing the capabilities, choices, and influence of individuals and groups

A

empowerment

200
Q

what indicates that the person who cares less about continuing a relationship is typically recognized as having more power

A

principle of least interest

201
Q

what is anything that enables individuals to achieve their goals, assists others to achieve their goals or interferes with the goal attainment of others

A

power resource

202
Q

what is someone who is perceived to have a right to direct others’ behavior because of his or her position, title, role, experience, or knowledge

A

legitimate authoritiy

203
Q

what are personal attributes that people find attractive

A

charisma

204
Q

what is any physical or verbal communication that is inteded to inflict harm

A

agression

205
Q

what is hostile communication that targets the victim openly such as pushing shoving physically assaulting or shouting insults

A

direct aggression

206
Q

what is hostile communication that intends to harm a targeted person while avoiding indentification as an aggressor such as gossipping spreading rumors or sabotaging behine the victims back

A

indirect aggression

207
Q

what is generally defined as verbal of nonverbal communication of a sexual nature

A

sexual harrassment

208
Q

what occurs when the more powerful person requires sexual favors from the less powerful person in exchange for keeping a job

A

quid pro quo harrassment

209
Q

an environment not free from discriminatory insult, ridicule, or intimidation

A

hostile environment harrassment

210
Q

what is unambiguous purposeful noncompliance

A

defiance

211
Q

what is the ability to communicate the full range of your thought and emotions with confidence and skill

A

assertiveness

212
Q

what is a form of empowerment in which people of similar backgrounds, skills, and goals come together on a fairly regular basis and share information

A

networking

213
Q

what is engaging in a process of deliberation with understanding and problem solving as ultimate goals

A

cooperative argumentation

214
Q

what are knowledgable individuals who have achieved some success in their profession or job and who assist peope trying to get started in a line of work

A

mentors

215
Q

what are attachments we make early on in life

A

attachment theory

216
Q

what is it when we are drawn to individuals who seem to share our interest values aattitudes and peronalities

A

similarity attraction theory

217
Q

what is a cost benefits analysis that weighs the benefits of a particular relationship against any costs incurred

A

exchange theory

218
Q

what is a connection two people have to each other because of kinship

A

interpersonal relationship

219
Q

what is a type of interpersonal relationship that is characterized by strong emotional bonding lcoseness and interdependence

A

intimate relationships

220
Q

what is the theory explaining the three elements of love, intimacy passion, and commitment

A

triangular theory

221
Q

what is any event or occurrence that is associated with change in a relationship

A

turning point

222
Q

what is a positive reaction to the bid

A

turning toward response

223
Q

what is an overtly negativie rejection of a connecting bid

A

turning against response

224
Q

what occurs when we ignore a bid or act preoccupied when a bid is offered

A

turning away response

225
Q

what is it to try again after an initial bid has been ignored or rejected

A

rebid

226
Q

what are value judgments made about individuals and about their actions

A

evaluations

227
Q

what is the creation of excuses that absolves us of blame

A

self justification

228
Q

what is a first person report of how we feel what we perceive to be true in specific situation and what behaviors we desire from others

A

description

229
Q

what does it mean that more someone tries to controll our behavior and restrict our choices the more we are inclined to resist such efforts especially if we feel entitled to choose

A

psychological reactance

230
Q

what is an attempt by one person to maneuver another toward the manipulator’s goal

A

manipulative communication

231
Q

what means qualifying your statement by avoiding absolutes

A

provisionalism

232
Q

what is defined as pay for work at an alterante site

A

telecommuting

233
Q

what is hearing only half the conversation

A

halfalogue

234
Q

what are graphic notations that indicate emotional information

A

emoticons

235
Q

what is a cyberterm for an abusive attacking written message between internet users

A

flaming

236
Q

what is a learned predisposition to respond facorably or unfavorably toward some object

A

attitude

237
Q

what is what a person thinks is true or probable

A

belief

238
Q

what is the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good right or worthwhile thinking or behavior

A

value

239
Q

what are characteristics such as age gender culture and ehnicity

A

demographics

240
Q

what are generalizations based on age

A

generation gap

241
Q

what identifies the overall foal of your speech

A

general purpose

242
Q

what is a concise precise infinitive phrase composed of simple clear language that encompasses both the general purpose and the central idea and indicates what the speaker is hoping to accomplish

A

specific purpose statement

243
Q

what is a search tool that combines internet technology and standard library techniques for cataloguing

A

virtual library

244
Q

what will send your keyword request to several search engines at once

A

metasearch engine

245
Q

what is an internet tool in which humans edit indexes of web pages that match

A

directory

246
Q

what identifies the main concept point or issue that you want the audience to understand believe or feel

A

central idea

247
Q

what are the examples, statistics, and testimoney used to bolster a speakers viewpoint

A

supporting materials

248
Q

what describes an imaginary situation

A

hypothetical example

249
Q

what describes actual occurences

A

real examples

250
Q

what is a detailed story or illustration

A

extended examples

251
Q

what is implicitly or explicitly presenting a claim and providing support for that claim with reasoning and evidence

A

argument

252
Q

what is the thought process of drawing conclusions from supporting materials

A

reasoning

253
Q

what consists of supporting materials just discussed whose purpose is to bolster claims that are controversial

A

evidence

254
Q

errors in evidence and reasoning

A

fallacies

255
Q

what is evidence used to support claims is determined by its reliability and validiety

A

credibility

256
Q

what is consistence

A

reliability

257
Q

what is accuracy

A

validity

258
Q

what means it must directly related to those claims

A

relevance

259
Q

what is a personal attack on the messenger to avoid the message

A

ad hominem fallacy

260
Q

what is basing a claim on popular opinion

A

ad populum fallacy

261
Q

what is a portion of the population chosen in such a manner that every member of the entire population has an equal chance of being selected

A

sample

262
Q

what attracts the most committed, aroused, or motivated individuals to fill out surveys on their own ans answer polling questions

A

self selected ample

263
Q

what is praising a product you have used

A

testimonial

264
Q

what is a measure of the degree of sampling error accounted for by imperfections in sample selection

A

margin of error

265
Q

what is it when you draw a conclusion based on too few or unrepresentative samples

A

hasty generalization

266
Q

what is consisten relationship between two variables

A

correlation

267
Q

what is anything that can change

A

variable

268
Q

what is fear of public speaking and the nervousness that accompanies that fear

A

speech anxiety

269
Q

what is labeled the physiological defense alarm process triggered by stress

A

fight or flight response

270
Q

what occurs when the intensity of the fight or flight response prevents an individual from giving a speech effectively

A

dysfunctional speech anxiety

271
Q

what occurs when the fight or flight response is managed and stimulates an optimum presentation

A

functional speech anxiety

272
Q

what is an attempt to satisfy an audience of critics whose members are focused of evaluating your work

A

performance

273
Q

what focuses on making your message clear and interesting to your listeners

A

communication orientation

274
Q

to prepare for a speech by thinking positively

A

visualization

275
Q

what is a technique to control anxiety

A

systematic desensitization

276
Q

what is humor that makes gentle fun of one’s own failings and limitations

A

self deprecation

277
Q

what is a question asked by speaker not intended to be said outloud

A

rhetorical question

278
Q

what is composed of the words you choose to express your thoughts and the ways you use language to bring your thought to life for an audience

A

style

279
Q

what is an implied compariso of two seemingly dissimilar things

A

metaphor

280
Q

what is the use of two or more vastly different metaphors in a single expression

A

mixed metaphor

281
Q

what is an explicit comparison of two seemingly dissimilar things using the word like or as

A

simile

282
Q

the use of opposites to create an impact

A

antithesis

283
Q

audience feels according to speakers tone

A

emotional contagion

284
Q

the insertion of um ah like you know know what i mean

A

vocal fillers

285
Q

what is delivered without preparation

A

impromptu speech

286
Q

what is delivered from a prepared outline or notes

A

extemp speech

COM 101 (1 decks)

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