Midterm Flashcards
1
Q
Linear A&B
A
- Linear A language is not known but not Greek
- Linear B described Mycenaean religion
- Linear B described economics
- Linear B described described the societal structure
2
Q
Leonids
A
- Spartan Warrior
- Led the Spartan contingent
- Killed fighting against the Persians at Thermopylae in 480 BC
3
Q
Hesiod
A
- A poet
- Earliest Greek literature
- In his writings there is a key to the character of the Greeks, they were intensely competitive people and interested in individual achievements
4
Q
Hippias
A
- Old tyrant of Athens
- His reign became much harsher after the death of Hipparchos
- Athens drove him out with Spartan help in 510 BC
- He guided the Persians after landing at Marathon in 490 BC, hoping to be reinstalled in power
5
Q
Herodotus
A
- Writer
- Wrote on Persian war
- Attributes the alphabet to Cadmus, founder of Thebes
6
Q
H. Schliemann
A
- Following the discover of Troy, he turned his attention to Mycenae
- He discovered the golden death mask
- Discovered bulls head vessel in silver/gold
- Discovered bronze dagger inlaid with a hunting scene
7
Q
Arthur Evans
A
- First to excavate Minoan palaces at Konossos
- Named a brightly colored frescoes depicted a hitherto unknown civilization, Minoan, after King Minos
- Discovered hundreds of inscribed clay tablets which tells of a complex and sophisticated administration
8
Q
Theseus
A
- Local hero of Athens
- Journeyed to Crete to confront the Minotaur
- Bulls figure in a Minoan ritual contribute to this myth
9
Q
Peisistratus
A
- Set himself up as a tyrant
- His reign was characterized by the construction of temples and a water supply system
- His sons are credited with attracting notable poets to their court
10
Q
Thucydides son of Olorus
A
- Political philosopher and general
- Known as Father of Scientific History
- Showed an interest in developing an understanding of human nature to explain behavior in in crises like plague or massacres
11
Q
Agora
A
- Greek word for “ open palace of assembly”
- Excavations here have revolutionized the study of Athens in all periods
- Public space
- Marketplace
12
Q
Alcibiades
A
- Played a major role in the second half of the peloponnesian war as a strategic advisor, military commander, and politician
- last famous figure of his mothers aristocratic family
- Changed his political allegiance several times
13
Q
Homer
A
- Best know as the author of Iliad and the Odyssey
- Believed by the ancient Greeks to be the first and greatest of epic poets
- Author of the first known literature of Europe
- “Teacher of all Greece”/ “First Teacher”
14
Q
Helot
A
- “Captured ones”
- Local, enslaved residents
- Name derives from the coastal city of Helos
15
Q
Acropolis
A
- Ancient citadel (fortress)
- Contains remains of Parthenon
- Hosted Panathenaea every 4 years
16
Q
Minos
A
- First person to establish a navy
- Master of the Hellenic sea
- Ruled over the Cyclades
- Appointed his own sons as governors
17
Q
Stoa
A
- Any long colonnaded building
- Ideal public buildings for the Mediterranean climate
- Served as markets, public offices, magistrates’ headquarters, storerooms, display of paintings, voting offices, and simply a place to hang out
18
Q
Symposium
A
- Drinking party
- Accompanied by hyms
- Common event among aristocracy
19
Q
Thebes
A
- Type of Mycenaean tomb
- Nine are known of to Mycenae
- Consists of a dormos(entrance), main chamber, smaller chamber, all covered by tumulus of earth
20
Q
Cleisthenes
A
- “Father of Athenian”
- Reformed the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing
- Increased the Athenian citizens assembly
21
Q
Solon
A
- Guidance of the political institution of democracy in Athens
- Law giver
- Established the right to appeal to a popular court which was to include all levels of citizenry
22
Q
Pericles
A
- Construction of the public and sacred buildings
- Guidance of the political structure of democracy in Athens
- Never the chief magistrate
- He was elected general of his tribe and influenced public policy
23
Q
Polycrates of Samos
A
- Under polykrates Samos flourished during the Archaic period
- Most impressive aqueducts out of the tyrants
- Tyrant of Samos
24
Q
Miltiades
A
- Known for his role in the Battle of Marathon of devising the tactics
- Elected to serve as one of them generals
- He defeated the Persians
25
Q
Inhumation
A
- Burial in the ground
- Hollowing out a trench
- Covering by rocks
26
Q
Lycurgus of Sparta
A
- Law giver
- served as a regent for one of the early kings
- Said that motherhood is the most important function of a freeborn women
- insisted on physical training of women because if both parents are ripped their baby will be ripped
27
Q
Aristophanes
A
- Described the Panathenaia (parade)
- Eleven plays of Aristophanes survive from the end of the fifth century
- Known as the father of comedy
- His plays give us most of our information on him
28
Q
Croesus
A
- King of Lydia
- Saying “as rich as Croesus” comes from his wealth
- some consider him to be a legendary figure
29
Q
Diolkos @ Cornirh
A
- A stone paved road built across the isthmus
- Easier for transportation
- 40 stades/ 8 km
30
Q
Eris
A
- goddess of chaos
- Dwarf Planet named after her
- Patron deity of the modern Discordian religion
31
Q
Themistocles
A
- Political institution of democracy took root under him in Athens
- Changed the political landscape of the city in the early 5th century
- The rowers of his military expected more political power
32
Q
Xerxes
A
- Led the new and improved Persian campaign in 480 BC
- King of Persia
- Took Athens after its abandonment
33
Q
Ephor
A
- Leaders of Sparta
- Shared power with the Spartan Kings
- Five were elected annually
34
Q
Cleon
A
- Athenian statesmen and general during the Peloponnesian war
- First prominent representative of the commercial class in Athenian Politics
- He was an aristocrat
- The death of Pericles cleared the field for him
