Midterm Flashcards
Epidermis is how thick
.06-.6 mm
What cells form the epidermis?
Keratinized stratified Squamos
Pigmentation comes from number of ______________. Have __________ for dark skin and ____________ for light skin.
Melanocytes
Fewer
More
Basil layer
Strauss baselie
Deepest responsible for kerantocytes
Stratum spinosum
Keratin layers
Stratum granulosum
Flattened keratinocytes
Stratum lucid
Clear layer of dead keratinocytes
Stratum corneum
Horny layer
Entirely layer of dead kerantocytes
Darker the skin more_____________
Cohesive
Dermis contains
Epidermal appendages
Rede ridges
Dermal papillae
Epidermal apendages include
Hair follicle
Sebaceous glands
Sudorferous glands
Nails
Rede ridges
Epithelial extension project into dermis
Dermal papillae
Interdigdating with rede ridges
Dermis is made up of
Collagen
Blood vessels
Lymph n
Epidermal appendages
Function of dermis
Sensation
Nutrient
Strength skin
Contribute to healing
What are the two layers of the dermis
Papillary
Reticular
Papillary layer is
Blister, surface of skin
Reticular layer
Structural support
Type one collagen, vasculature, nerves, hair, elastic fibers
Subcutaneous or hypodermis layer
Fatty layer
Highly vascularized
Pear shape adipose
Weight in hips
Subcutaneous fat
Vascularized, padding, release energy
Apple shape weight
Weight in the middle
Visceral fat
DM, heart condition, surround internal organs
Function of the skin
Barrier to infection Regulate heat loss Sensation Excretion Biochemical Produce vitamin d
Papillary layer of dermis
Blister, split the surface
Reticular layer of dermis
Structural support
Type one collagen, vasculature, nerve, hair, elastic fiber
Adipoctyes action
Appetite control, regulate bp, coagulation, mm
Leptins action
Control the CnS,
Inc energy consumption
Skin phototype
Smallest amount of radiation predicts skins vulnerability to UV light
Skin color depends on
Number of melanocytes
Variation in skin tone dependent on
Amount of melanin
Skin color function
Protect from UV light, protect from photo damage, absorb and deflect Rays
Erosion ( abrasion) stage 1
Heal with epithelization
Ulcer
Below the epidethelium into the dermis
Stage 2
Partial thickness
Stage 3
Full thickness need a skin graft to heal
Function of the ground substance (gag and water)
Nutrition to CT
Barrier against infection
Fluid fiber distance of collage, reticular and elastin
Damage to the CT leads to
Change in scar tissue
Decrease water and gags
Dec critical fiber distance
Dec amount of collagen
Phase one healing-inflammation
Hemostasis- control bleeding with platelets
Phagocytosis- marcoohages cells PMN
Angiogenesis- mast cells
Phase two - proliferative
Angioblast
Fibroblast- secrete tropocollagen, synthesize gag, replaced by scar tissue
Myofibroblast- wound contraction
Keratinocytes
Phase 3 remodeling
Reorient along the stress line
Clinical implications for healing through the three stages
Encourage gag re synthesis Prevent cross linking Promote appropriate movement Rice Appropriate mvmt Strength and function
Sources of burns
Flame Hot liquids Contact Electricity Hot gas Chemicals Friction Expose to heat and cold Radiation