Midterm Flashcards
What film will give us the most information about the health of a disc?
Lateral
If there is no marker on the film list some anatomical clues to help you figure out the right side to the film
Heart
Aorta
Gastric air bubble
What is the size of a full spine film?
14 X 36
What vertebrae is very reliable and should be used as a starting point to count down?
T1
Where should we place numbers on the spine?
T1
Last Thoracic
Lowest Lumbar
What will the obturator look like for a PI?
Increases diagonally
T or F
The innominate will be shorter on an PI
False
Longer
T or F
EX will have a narrower width @ the base
False
Wider
What happens to the lordosis with an AS?
Decreases
What happens to the lordosis with an EX?
Increases
What happens to the innominate with an AS?
Shorter
Name the lines drawn on the pelvis
Superior Iliac Crest Line Sacral Base Line Lateral Sacral Line Femur Head Line Ischial Tube Line
Where do we measure from to determine AS and PI
Femur head line to superior crest lines and from femur head line to ischial tube line
What do we measure to get an IN and EX?
Lateral Ilium to the PSIS
Superior to the Acetabulum
Base of the Obturators
List the structural causes of Femur Height Deficiency
Asymmetry in Growth
Epiphyseal plate damage
Fractures
Foot or knee problems
What is the physiological cause of femur heigh deficiency
Misalignments of the pelvis
For every ____ mm of PI or EX Correction the femur head will be raised ____ mm
5 & 2
What happens to the femur head upon correction of an AS or IN?
Femur head will lower
What does a AS or IN subluxation do to the leg length?
Draws the leg long
What is the main reason for a heel lift?
If the patient is unable to retain his/her adjustments in the pelvis and spinal column
Most people can adapt to a deficiency of up to ____ mm
6
T or F
It is important to use a heel lift on a patient with 4 mm of deficiency
False
6
T or F
When a heel lift is indicated it should be for the measured deficiency amount
False
For the full amount of actual deficiency AD
T or F
The lumbar convexity goes to the side of the long leg
False
Short leg
T or F
Raising the lower femur head would decrease the scoliosis
True
If you saw a right convex scoliosis that was caused by a short leg, which leg would be short?
Right
If you saw a left convex scoliosis and the AD on the left was 7 mm what side would you put the heel life and how many mm?
Left
7 mm
T or F
Never prescribe a heel lift for a patient when the lumbar scoliosis is on the opposite side of the low femur head as this would tend to increase the scoliosis
True
What are some contraindications with age and heel lifts
Pre-puberty - bones are still growing
After 45 - they don’t stretch very well.
T or F
Drawing lines is only important for the vertebra that you need a listing for
True
T or F
We compare to the bone above
False
Where do you place dots on the vertebra to get your line?
Inferior portion of the pedicles
Where do you write your listing?
The side of spinous rotation
What if the spinous is not clear what else can you use to determine spinous rotation?
Pedicles
Sacrum
L4…
In the cervical spine was do we use as a guide for drawing our lines?
Inferior vertebral endplate
T or F
Uncinate processes are a reliable landmark for drawing lines in the cervical spine
False
Pedicles on the side of spinous rotation may be referred to as:
Oval Elliptical Egg-shaped Smaller Oblong Narrow
