Midterm

Question 1

International Society

Answer 1

30 Year’s War (1618-48) protestant vs. Catholic

Peace of Westphelia: defining moment in International Society

Question 2

Westphelian Paradigm (3)

Answer 2

1) Territoriality: organized to states dictated by bounaries
2) Sovereignty: within states, government has full authority.
3) Autonomy. (self determination, self-governance)
When presented, only for powerful nations (western), after WW1 accepted for everyoneOrien

Question 3

Orientalism (3)

Answer 3

Edward Said: “east is a Western construct
Amartya Sen: Globalization, East (algebra, compass, paper, gun powder)
Knowledge produced in west in context of colonization.
The Arab Mind (military used), Jungle Book (public read)

Question 4

The Concert of Europe (dates) (3)

Answer 4

1815-1914 - (Int. society) 6-7 European super powers states. Balance of power between Napoleonic wars and WW1.
League of nations created post WW1, fell apart on onset of next war. UN created after WW2.

Question 5

Decolonization (secondary)

Answer 5

Eurocentric -> more democratic world.
1947 - Britain left India, Peaceful
Malaysia -> violent withdrawal from Britain
After Colonization, nations had t choose socialisms or capitalism
US not like 1) allies with Britain and France. 2) afraid communist ideology would be attractive post WW2

Question 6

Phases of the Cold War (4)

Answer 6

1) Trumen Doctrine (1917): contain socialism. Marshall Plan (rebuild economy in Europe. 1949, China ended 30 yr Civil War, Communist. Korean War.
2) Conflict and compromise: (1953-69)
Warsaw Pact (Like NATO but Communist nations, bipolar war).
Cuban missile crisis 1962.
Nuclear Arms Race, ended in NPT (Non- Proliferation Treaty).
1990, nuclear technology in Israel, Parkistan, India and Apartheid South Africa.
3) Deteénte, 69-79. rise and fall: US in Vietnam, soviet-chinese relations poor.
Rapprochment, reestablish cordial relations.
Upheavals taking place in 3rd world. Arab Israeli War (involved US and USSR
US hipocritic (not protecting democracy), Raegon more aggressive
4) 1979-86: “second cold war)
Salt 1&2- limits on arms

Question 7

US in Cold War (secondary)

Answer 7

Red Scare, Targeted Black groups. Gov thought ppl spying for USSR. Marxism attractive to Civil rights activists. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed for giving nuclear tech, but no evidence.

Question 8

Non Alignment Agreement (Cold War)

Answer 8

Post-Colonialism, countries didn’t want either pole. Signed in Indonesia, includes India, Egypt and Burma. Blind spot in US history

Question 9

Realism definition

Answer 9

Power maximizer. Balance of power. IR is anarchy.

Question 10

Assumptions of Realism (4)

Answer 10

1) No universal moral pronciple
2) IR is anarchy, anarchy breeds insecurity
3) Self-help: no one will help a nation state but self
4) Statism - survival of the fittest

Question 11

Realis1 Theorists (6)

Answer 11

Classical
Thucydides: (460 BC) (classical) 
Machiavelli 
Rousseau (structural)
Contemporary
Morgan Thorp
Stephen Walt
Saccheria (CNN)

Question 12

Classical versus Structural Realism

Answer 12

Classical: humans are greedy. human nature -> struggle for power ( Thucydides)
Structural: Competition for power result of anarchical society (Rousseau) structure of world breeds anarchy

Question 13

Defensive versus Offensive Realism (and scholars

Answer 13

Defensive: only need enough power to feel secure (Kenneth Waltz). Maximize security -> maximize purpose.
Offensive (Power, want to have more) (Mearsheimers). goal: achieve maximized relative power position.

Question 14

Neo classical realism

Answer 14

individual, separate states. power perceived and leadership exercised.

Question 15

Liberalism

Answer 15

Interdependence is Key to prosperity. Project order, tolerance, and justice. early 20th century idealists. Invest in each other’s economies. WW’s debunked idealists

Question 16

Assumptions of liberalism

Answer 16

1) All citizens are juristically equal with rights.
2) Gov can’t abuse these rights
3) right to own property
4) free market

Question 17

Immanuel Kant versus Jeremy Benthem on Liberalism

Answer 17

Immanuel Kant: Peace can only be achieved among countries governed liberally. (Europe and US)

Jeremy Bentham: Europe can have peace b/n different types of government (inclusive)

Question 18

Pluralism

Answer 18

Branch of liberalism. diversity, democratic power evenly distributed regardless of ideology. autonomy enjoyed diversely. Interconnected. Superpowers beyond the state. MNC’s like Apple, NGO’s like Amnesty International.

Question 19

Assumptions of Feminist Theory

Answer 19

1) security is generally defined narrowly and militarily. must broaden definition of security to include women and children.
2) Bosnian wars: rape as a instrument of war. Criminal tribul in Holland

Question 20

Neoliberalism

Answer 20

Cooperation, Int. Organizations, Free market

Joseoh Nye

Question 21

Marxism Theory of IR

Answer 21

working class and bourgeoisie. Conflict between inequalities. Revolutions occur when Means of production and production relations conflict.

Question 22

Means of production

Answer 22

Technology, factory, and capital utilized for labor and production.

Question 23

Production Relations

Answer 23

Who has controle of production means. How the profits are distributed.

Question 24

historical materialism

Answer 24

focus on materials, not ideas in history. Marxist.

Question 25

Economic foundation of the world

Answer 25

means of production and productions relations. Eg Feudalism -> capitalism. MP land -> industry. PR feudal lord -> factory owners.