Midterm Flashcards
Native American Families
1560-1600
2 million Native Americans in NA 20 groups, 300 languages Fluid gender roles diverse marital arrangements children were treated with kindness
White Colonial Families
1560-1800
Patriarchal
Arranged Marriages
Love came after marriage out of duty to one’s spouse
Bundling
Families seen as economic unit for producing good and a social unit for taking care of the sick, elderly and orphaned
Children seen as inherently evil (child rearing was used to remove the devil from them)
African American Families
1560-1800
Came to the US as slaves
Marriage wasn’t legal- “jumped the broom”
Marriages were disrupted by the selling of slaves
fluid kinship connections (blood doesn’t matter)
Men and women cared for children
Industrialization
production of goods shifted from the home to factories
urbanization
families moved to the cities for jobs and housing was scarce
transportation increased mobility
less supervision of children
immigration (1820-1882)
western/northern Europe and China
Immigration (1882-1930)
Eastern Europe and Japan
Immigrants
relied on ethnic enclaves in big cities and extended kin networks
faced many challenges including prejudice and discrimination
WWI/ Great Depression/ WWII
women took the jobs that were traditionally done by men while men were at war
unemployment rates of 23.6%
Families in 1950’s
baby boomers
suburbanization
Companionate family
has a marriage that provides romance, emotional growth and sexual fulfillment
Families Now
Living longer/marrying later Birthrate is down/ having kids later Living alone and unmarried (51% of people live in unmarried households) Cohabitation lifestyle Dual earner families increase in diversity (blended families)
Race in 2009
65.1% white
15.8% Hispanic
12.9% Black
4.6% Asian
1% American Indian/Alaska Native
.02% Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander
Intimacy
feelings of closeness
fulfills basic human needs
Erikson- intimacy vs. Isolation
Paradox of intimacy
start with intimacy
struggle to keep it alive
ways to keep intimacy alive
communication
conflict resolution
balancing power
Power
the ability to exercise one’s will on other people to get them to think, feel or do something that they would not have ordinarily done spontaneously
can have positive/negative implications
Blood and Wolfe’s Resource Theory
Balance of power reflects the relative resources of each partner
spouse with more resources has more power
need to consider what partners value
male dominance in the absence of important resources
Equalization of relationship power
women attain equal status in the public world and develop resources equal to men
society values women’s resources of caring and emotional expression
Waller’s principal of least interest
the partner who is least interested int he relationship has the most power
each partner brings resources into the marriage and receives rewards from the other
one partner may be gaining mroe from the marriage (more likely to comply with the other’s preferences
Conflict
the process of interaction that results when the behavior of a person interferes with the behaviors of another
Positive Conflict
behaviors that bring poeple closer together and builds self esteem
clarifies differences, improves relationships and keeps issues from festering
negative conflict
destructive behavior that is bad for the relationships having deleterious effects on mental and physical health
repressed anger, passive-aggression, scapegoating, gas lighting
Common sources of conflict for couples
household tasks money sex loyalty, trust, infidelity power privacy nurture children differences in style, preferences and taste
Collaboration
concern for advancing both persons interests
compromise
seeking a solution that is moderately but not optimally beneficial to both
accommodation
understanding the other persons position and working for a harmonious solution
competition
forcing your way in order to win the conflict
avoidance
deny and retreat from the issue
Patterns that effect divorce
criticism
contempt
defensiveness
stonewalling
Love
a complex set of mental emotional states
the presence of physiological arousal combined with a sense of intimacy connectedness and trust
friendship
an attachment between people
the basis for a strong love relationship
Exchange Theory
economic metaphor maximize profits, minimize costs what are your resources comparison levels acting in the best interest of your partner
Attachment Theory
Secure- comfort getting close, feeling worthy of love (responsive parent)
Avoidant- less trusting (inconsistent parent)
Anxious- unreliable, neediness (neglectful parent)
Imago Theory
Childhood wounds impact how we experience relationships
Adult relationships are how we settle unfinished business
Individualism
forming intimate bonds with others
related to capacity for intimacy and identity resources
Jealousy
A usually intolerant or even hostile emotional response to a real or imagined threat to a love relationship
Can be used to set boundaries in a relationship
Reactive vs. Suspicious
Wheel Theory
explains the process by which love develops and is maintained
(4 stages- rapport, self-revelation, mutual dependency, intimacy need fulfillment)
Rapport
feeling at ease, comfort with one another enhanced by similarities
Self-Revelation
disclosing personal feelings, hopes, fears, insecurities and ambitions
Mutual Dependency
becoming a couple, doing activities together, sharing ideas and sexual desires
Intimacy Need Fulfillment
reinforcing each other, making mutual decisions
Sternberg’s Triangular model of love
commitment (cognitive attachment)
intimacy (sharing feelings/emotional support)
passion (physical affections)
