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Memory And Learning > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

Evidence that learning has occur is seen in ?

A

Changes of behavior

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1
Q

Epistemology

A

How we know the world

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2
Q

College professor concerned about lack of attention by students during lectures, is considering a study if the effects of room temperature on state of consciousness. The independent variable is?

A

State of conscious

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3
Q

Elementary school student attends classes on the last day of school despite illness, so she will not miss out on the perfect attendance award, this is an example of?

A

Behaviorist explanation

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4
Q

Pavlov- SALIVATION THAT FOLLOWED THE BUZZER Was the?

A

Conditioned response

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5
Q

Raising a hand to answer a question is?

A

A learned behavior

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6
Q

Little Albert demonstration illustrated ?

A

The effects of emotional conditioning

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7
Q

Contiguity is

A

Simultaneous paring of stimulus and response

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8
Q

Moody math teacher introduces fractions-students seem unmotivated to learn- this can be attributed to?

A

Pairing the teachers attitude with the context

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9
Q

Thorndike

A

One activity an be satisfying to one person but not to the other

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10
Q

Thorndike las of effect fits well with the theory of?

A

Skinner

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11
Q

Trial and error

A

Trying all keys later to find out none of them fit

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12
Q

Deduce

A

To infer logically

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13
Q

Logically construct

A

Inferred but not observed

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14
Q

Independent variable is?

A

Manipulated by the experimenter

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15
Q

Changing tv channels, cd’s in stereo, turning on and off pc, riding bicycle are all examples of?

A

Operant behavior

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16
Q

Operant continuing compares with?

A

Natural selection

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17
Q

Being allowed to leave after 6 hrs but receiving a full 8 hrs pay

A

Negative reinforcement

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18
Q

Tennis- breakdown of the skill into components is named?

A

Shaping

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19
Q

Operant is to respondant as?

A

Act is to reAct

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20
Q

More probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behaviors. Person will most likely perform at an activity if they know the consequence is that they could partake in a more desirable activity

A

Premack principle

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21
Q

Skinner - extinction occurs when ?

A

Behaviors is not reinforced

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22
Q

Metaphor

A

I.e the brain is a computer

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23
Q

Synapse

A

Space btwn neurons

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24
Q

Brain is?

A

Plastic

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25
Q

Reductionist theory

A

Tries to bring everything to its smallest component

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26
Q

Hypothesis testing

A

Experiments

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27
Q

Scientific method

A

Observe - question - hypothesis - experiment - result and conclusion

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28
Q

Reflex

A

Involuntary

29
Q

Operant -WHEN TRAINED BEHAVIOUR IS NO LONGER REINFORCED OR IF THE REIFORCEMENT IS NO LONGER REWARDING

Classical- WHEN A CONDITIONED STIMULUS IS NO LONGER PAIRED WITH AN UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE.

A

Extinction

30
Q

Behavior

A

The way in which one conducts oneself

31
Q

Evolution

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH DEFINED BY ITS ATTENTION TO BIOLOGY AND GENETICS AS SOURCES OF EXPLANATION FOR HUMAN LEARNING AND BEHAVIOR

32
Q

Cognitive

A

MENTAL ABILITY RELATED TO KNOWLEDGE. I.E ATTENTION, MEMORY AND WORKING MEMORY, JUDGEMENT AND EVALUATION, REASONING AND COMPUTATION, PROBLEM SOLVING & DECISION MAKNG COMPREHENSION AND PRODUCTION OF LANGUAGE

33
Q

Aversion learning TASTE

A

Learned response to eating the foods that made you Ill

34
Q

Instinctive drift

A

After a behavior is stablished it gets disrupted by the intrusion of some instinctive behavior

35
Q

Biofeedback

A

Procedures by which individuals are give information about their biological functioning

36
Q

Ethology

A

Science of animal behavior

37
Q

Humans are biologically equipped to acquire language… Who said this?

38
Q

We have taste aversion for?

39
Q

Parkinson neurotransmitter

40
Q

Directional flow in neuron

A

Dendrite
Cell body
Axon

41
Q

Electrical chemical activity

A

How neurons connect

42
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

NOREPERIPHERINE, ENIPERIPHERINE, HISTAMINE, SEROTINE, DOPAMINE

43
Q

Latent learning

A

Observed behavior but never practiced

44
Q

Tolamans theory

A

We learn because there is a purpose to it

45
Q

Gestalt

A

Rationalized thinking WHOLE

46
Q

Right brain

A

Art
Emotional
Intuitive
Creative

47
Q

Left brain

A

Logical
Cautious
Rational
Math

48
Q

Sharpening

A

Tendency to emphasize the distinctiveness of a pattern

49
Q

Proximity

A

Tendency to perceive things that are close together to as belonging together

50
Q

Closure

A

Tendency to perceive incomplete objects as being complete

51
Q

Leveling

A

tendency toward symmetry bs forward reducing abnormalities

52
Q

Method of teaching- all senses

A

The more senses you use to learn the more you will recall later

53
Q

Gestalt law perception

A

CONTINUITY-CLOSURE-PROXIMITY-SIMILARITY-SIMPLICITY

54
Q

Set

A

Selectivity among responses

55
Q

Attention

A

Selectivity among input

56
Q

Discrimination according to Behaviorists

A

ABILITY TO DIFFERENTIATE BTWN A CONDITIONED STIMULUS AND OTHER STUMULI THAT HAS NOT BEEN PAIRED WITH A CONDITIONED STIMULUS

57
Q

Thorndike – Satisfying statE of affairs

A

THE ORGANISM MAKES A NUMBER OF RESPONSES, ONE OR MORE OF WHICH LEADS TO A SOLUTION OR SATISFYING STATE OF AFFAIR.”

58
Q

Hull

A

Tried to predict behavior with math

59
Q

Skinner

A

Accepted classical conditioning that it only explained certain not all behaviors

60
Q

Differences btwn female bran and make brain

A

Corpus callosum has a thicker measurement in female; Male brain 10% larger than female; Female 9.5% more white matter; Male 6.5 % more gray matter; FRONTAL Cortex more precisely organized in women and bigger in volume; Males have better cognitive maps formation.

61
Q

Dependent variable

A

Something you measure

62
Q

Behaviorism theories are concerned with

A

Objective events such as stimuli response and rewards

63
Q

Thorndike

A

Animals learn thru trial and error so stamped out

64
Q

Reflexes

A

Sucking,knee jerk, eye blink, pupillary dilation and they can be classical conditioned

65
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

Behaving in a way to continue the species

66
Q

Henna rule

A

Repeated transmission of impulses btwn 2 neurons leads to permanent facilitation btwn them

67
Q

Independent variable

A

What can change

68
Q

Dependant variable

A

What you measure

69
Q

Cell body

Memory And Learning (1 decks)

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