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hist 304 ALEX > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

Aegean war

A

.

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2
Q

antipater

A
  • was first Officer of Macedonian army
  • after phillips death he got army to call alex king
  • alex rewarded him as commander of Macedonian forces in Europe: second to the king
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3
Q

apis bull

A

.

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4
Q

alexandria (egypt)

A

.

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5
Q

Cilician Gates

A

.

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6
Q

companion calvary (Hetairoi)

A

(Hetairoi)

  • 1,800 Macedonian noblemen, fighting on horse.
  • One of the eight units was called agema: this was the royal bodyguard, when the king fought on horse.
  • Philip and Alexander used these cavalry-men as a crowbar to open enemy battle arrays.
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7
Q

League of Corinth (II)

A
  • Philip II’s goal was to unite greece and make sure the territories do not fight each other so he made the Corinthian league in hopes to eventually fight as one against Persia.
  • at the second congress of Corinth, the league got together after alex sieged and destroyed Thebes.
  • the league decided their approval for Alex’s actions
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8
Q

Darius III

A

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9
Q

Battle of Gaugamela

A
  • 3rd battle against the persians
  • alex vs darius
  • alex wins
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10
Q

Gordian Knot

A

.

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11
Q

Battle of Issus

A
  • 2nd battle against persians
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12
Q

Siege of Halicarnassus

A

.

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13
Q

Battle of Granicus

A
  • 1st battle against persians

- alex wins

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14
Q

Heracles (as ‘ancestor’ of Alex)

A
  • the royal Macedonians (the Argeads) were decendants of Heracles
  • Alexander I and descendents could claim they were direct descendants of Zeus
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15
Q

memnon

A
  • Memnon of Rhodes
  • commander of persian mercenaries
  • faced mac n alex in battle granicus, miletus and halicarnassus
  • strategic, good military leader
  • died 333
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16
Q

Siege of Miletus

A
  • was largest and wealthiest Greek city in Ionia, also featured an excellent harbor.
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17
Q

Olympias

A
  • mother of Alex
  • one of Philip II’s 7 wives
  • princess of neighbouring kingdom Molossia or Epirus
  • family claimed descent of Trojan war hero Achilles
  • assassination in 316 B.C. by Cassander (the son of viceroy Antipater);
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18
Q

Olympias

A
  • mother of Alex
  • one of Philip II’s 7 wives
  • princess of neighbouring kingdom Molossia or Epirus
  • family claimed descent of Trojan war hero Achilles
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19
Q

Oracle of Zeus

A

.

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20
Q

Ammon at Siwa

A

.

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21
Q

Parmenion

A

.

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22
Q

Macedonian Phalanx (with Sarissas)

A

the ‘Foot Companions’ (Pezhetairoi)

  • systematically trained infantry men in a densely packed battle array, carrying lances with a length of six meters.
  • The six battalions of Foot companions, each 1,500 men strong, were the backbone of the army.
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23
Q

Philip II

A
  • king of macedonia in 4th c BC
  • died 336 BC
  • son of King Amyntas II
  • Father of Alexander
  • was a strategist who was considered a great leader
  • inherited the broken kingdom and built it up/expanded it
  • secured his borders, defeated enemies, made allies, obtained mines, and gave Macedonia its first access to the sea: Pydna
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24
Q

Sisygambis & Stateiras

A

.

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25
Q

Thebes (revolt & destruction)

A

.

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26
Q

Troy

A

-setting of epics of homer

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27
Q

Siege of Tyre

A

.

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28
Q

Rock of Aorus

A

.

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29
Q

Babylon

A

.

30
Q

Bactria

A

.

31
Q

Bessus (‘Artaxerxes IV’)

A

.

32
Q

Callisthenes

A

.

33
Q

Cleitus (‘the Black’)

A

.

34
Q

Craterus

A

.

35
Q

Cyrus (the Great)

A

.

36
Q

Darius (Death of)

A

.

37
Q

Exiles Decree

A

.

38
Q

Hydaspes (Battle of)

A

.

39
Q

Massaga

A

.

40
Q

Mazaeus

A

.

41
Q

Nearchus

A

.

42
Q

Gedrosia, Desert

A

.

43
Q

‘Great Mutiny’, The

A

.

44
Q

Hephaestion (esp. Death of)

A

.

45
Q

Nysa (& Dionysus)

A

.

46
Q

Opis, ‘Mutiny’ at

A

.

47
Q

Pages (Conspiracy of)

A

.

48
Q

Persepolis

A

.

49
Q

Persian Gates

A

.

50
Q

Philotas (‘Conspiracy’ of)

A

.

51
Q

Poros

A

.

52
Q

Rhoxane

A

.

53
Q

Sogdian Rock, The

A

.

54
Q

Spitamenes

A

.

55
Q

Susa (Alex’s 1st Visit)

A

.

56
Q

Susa, ‘Wedding of 10,000’

A

.

57
Q

Taxiles/Taxila

A

.

58
Q

Bessus (‘Artaxerxes IV’)

A
  • said to have killed darius… thought alexander would award him for this
  • second most imp in persian empire after darius
59
Q

Callisthenes

A
  • would eventually be arrested or put to death, couldnt finish the chronicle of alex’s conquests
60
Q

Cyrus (the Great)

A
  • alexanders fav persian king
61
Q

Philotas (‘Conspiracy’ of)

A

son of parmenio

62
Q

Sogdian Rock, The

A

327

63
Q

Hydaspes (Battle of)

A

326 B.C., Alex would finally meet ‘Porus’ himself in battle, at the Battle of the Hydaspes River. After his victory at the Hydaspes, Alexander created a client-king out of ‘Porus’

  • Compared to the Issus and Gaugamela the Hydaspes was a rather minor battle, but one made famous by the fact that for the first time the Macedonian army would face a corps of enormous and fierce war-elephants, a commanding fighting unit that served as the tactical core of all Indian armies
  • alex crossed river during monsoon - surprising
  • founded 2 cities after victory along river: nicaea & Bucephala
64
Q

Exiles Decree

A

ordered that all exiled political parties be allowed to return to their cities. This decree was intended to resolve generations of civil conflicts in a great number of Greek states, but had produced chaos everywhere since the estates of the exiled had long since been confiscated and come under new ownership by political enemies. Even more, Alexander’s decree could simply not undo generations of bitter strife and hatred, which had cost countless lives as well as lost property. Naturally enough, therefore, some of the Greek embassies present wished Alexander to hear arguments against receiving back their exiled population.

65
Q

Hephaestion (esp. Death of)

A

323- funeral of a god

66
Q

Rhoxane

A

In 310 B.C. Cassander had Alexander and his mother Roxana killed.

67
Q

The 1st Diadoch War (322-320 B.C.)

A

.

68
Q

The 2nd Diadoch War (318-316 B.C.)

A

.With Macedonia abandoned Cassander was able to march into the kingdom in 317 B.C. and declare himself king of Macedon and the rightful regent of Philip III. Olympias immediately led a loyalist army into Macedonia. Philip III and his warrior-wife Eurydice marched an army against them, which ended up going over to Olympias in support of Alexander’s infant son.

69
Q

The 3rd Diadoch War (314 B.C.): The Truce of 311 B.C.

A

.

70
Q

The 4th Diadoch War & The Battle of Ipsus (307-301 B.C.)

A

.

hist 304 ALEX (1 decks)

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