Midterm #3 Prep

Question 1

Sponges

Answer 1

Asymmetrical, live mostly in marine areas, able to regenerate easily, no nervous system, brain, muscles, or limbs.

Question 2

Cnidarians

Answer 2

Have tentacles, either polyps or medusa, examples are anemones, jellyfish, & stomphia.

Question 3

Annelids

Answer 3

Flatworms; have a gut that extends all across the worm’s body. They are hermaphroditic, so they can be either male or female.

Question 4

Arthropods

Answer 4

They have jointed legs, book lungs or gills, and shells. These include crabs, lobsters, pill bugs, & spiders.

Question 5

Mollusks

Answer 5

Have a long tongue called a radula, and a thick or reduced shell. Include snails, slugs, clam, sea shells, squids, & octopi.

Question 6

Echinoderms

Answer 6

5-point symmetry, sensory tube feet, & radial canals. Include sea urchin, sea cucumber, & sea star. They use a water vascular system for water & gas exchange.

Question 7

Chordates

Answer 7

4 key traits: nerve cord, gill slits, segmented muscle, & notochord. Include snakes, lizards, birds, & mammals.

Question 8

Coelom

Answer 8

Internal body cavity derived from mesoderm; houses the kidneys & spleen; contains the circulatory system.

Question 9

Protostomes

Answer 9

Arthropods, mollusks & annelids.

Question 10

Deuterostomes

Answer 10

Chordates & echinoderms.

Question 11

Gemmules

Answer 11

Asexual reproduction method only found in freshwater sponges; attach to a substrate & grow into a new sponge.

Question 12

Monoecious

Answer 12

1 individual can produce both eggs & sperm.

Question 13

Clitellum

Answer 13

Aring structure in the skin that secretes mucus to bind mating individuals and forms a protective cocoon for the eggs.

Question 14

Metamerism

Answer 14

Segmented body plan that results in repetition of internal & external features.

Question 15

Chaetae

Answer 15

Chitinous hairlike extensions.

Question 16

Ovovivparous

Answer 16

Fertilized egg remains in the mother’s oviduct.

Question 17

Oviparous

Answer 17

Eggs hatch outside of the mother’s body.

Question 18

Viviparous

Answer 18

Young develop within the mother’s body & she give live birth (humans do this).

Question 19

Ectotherms

Answer 19

Main source of body heat comes from the environment, e.g., with snakes & reptiles.

Question 20

Endothermic

Answer 20

Organism generates their own body heat through metabolic processes.