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Critical Media Studies > Midterm 3 > Flashcards

Midterm 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 traditional views of audiences

A

Effects Research
Cultivation Analysis
Uses & Gratification

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2
Q

What is effects research? Provide an example

A

Media directly affects thought and behaviors of “mindless” audiences
Ex) Cultural Doops passively accept the messages that media give us

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3
Q

What is cultivation analysis? Provide an example

A

media “cultivates” a negative perception of society, particularly for heavy viewers
(mean world syndrome)
Ex) social media makes people believe that society is more violent than it actually is

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4
Q

What is the uses and gratifications of traditional view audiences

A

audiences actively consume media for their own ends

Ex) escapism - using media to gratify needs

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5
Q

What is polsemy

A

the openness of a text to multiple interpretations

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6
Q

What is semiotic excess? Provide an example

A

within polsemy: the extra signifiers that can take on a variety of meaning to the audience
Ex) Uniqua from Backyardigans

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7
Q

What is polyvalence?

Provide an example

A

audience members share denotative understanding of a text, but disagree on connotation of a text.
Denotative would be a chicken and connotative would be the value of it a pet

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8
Q

What are interpretive communities

A

groups of people with shared viewpoint or experience who interpret a text the same

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9
Q

What does Stanley Fish about meaning in text

A

the text itself does not come with meaning, the meaning resides in the audience

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10
Q

What is the benefit of interpretive communities in media

A

Audiences and producers both belong to interpretive communities, therefore the texts can be interpreted in similar ways by multiple people

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11
Q

What was the premise of Radway’s romance study

A

interviewed a community of female romance novel readers to understand the meaning they attributed to the novels

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12
Q

What did Radway disocer about female romance novel readers?

A

Used the novels to consciously meet their needs and escape to a world where their needs are met by a “nurturing man”

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13
Q

What is the feminist perspective of Radways study

A

if woman are reading them it is worth understanding and looking at

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14
Q

What is impression management

A

How we perform our desired impression of ourselves through our behavior

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15
Q

What are the 4 elements of impression management

SSPT

A

stage
setting
part
team

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16
Q

Within impression management what is the stage performance and its 2 aspects

A

our public (front stage) and private (back stage) performances differ

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17
Q

What is the setting of our performance

A

the situation/context that alters our behavior

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18
Q

what is our element of “part” in performance

A

use of appearance and manner to convey a particular image

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19
Q

What is the “team” element of impression management

A

we collaborate with others in our performances

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20
Q

Who is the theorist behind impression management

A

Erving Goffman and the concept of Dramaturgy

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21
Q

What are media frames

A

How information is presented in a way that shapes our knowledge

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22
Q

What is the “selection” of media frames

A

what is included (and therefore excluded in the presented information

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23
Q

What is the emphasis in media frames

A

what is give more or less attention

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24
Q

What are the three aspects of media frames?

SEP

A

selection
emphasis
presentation

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25
Q

What is the presentation of media frames

A

what attitudes are suggested (through visual or auditory symbols)

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26
Q

Who coined the theory equipment for living

A

Kenneth Burke

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27
Q

What do the equipment for living in media provide

A

media messages provide people with

  • help to address the challenges in their everyday life
  • solve our guilt
28
Q

What are the two equipment’s of living to resolve guilt

TC

A

Tragedy

Comedy

29
Q

What is the aspect of tragedy regarding resolving guilt

A

feeling relief when seeing a character punished

30
Q

What is the aspect of comedy regarding resolving guilt

A

helps us see that error is part of the human condition and leads us to forgiveness

31
Q

Why do we experience guilt in society according to Kenneth Burke

A

society is governed by hierarchy, so when we fall short of expectations, we experience guilt

32
Q

What is erotics

Provide an example

A 
simultaneously disruptive (taboo) and productive  (of something new)
- shame and enjoyment conflicting responses
Ex) picture of a baby beside a doll passed out thinking was I that drunk
33
Q

Define pleasure. Provide an example

A

buying into the dominant/hegemonic message within a text

Ex) Mulveys male gaze

34
Q

What is intertextuality

A

how texts refer to other texts

35
Q

How does intertextuality relate to pleasure

A

pleasure arises in part from recognition of intertextuality

36
Q

What is Parodic Allusion. Provide an example

A

a text that parodies another

Ex) South Park

37
Q

What is Creative Appropriation. Provide an example

A

a text borrows style or symbols from another text

Ex) Nomage

38
Q

What is a Self-Reflexive Reference?

Provide an example

A

acknowledges external events/issues through inside jokes

Ex) Fuller house making a comment about why Mary-Kate and Ashley are not in the show

39
Q

What embodies a grotesque body

A

unruly or dis figuration often in horror or reality tv

40
Q

What is abjection. Provide an example

A

crossing cultural boundaries with the representation of “disgusting” body function
Ex) Body fluid humor

41
Q

What is uncrowning? Provide an example

A

ridiculing those in power

Ex) Bill Cosby

42
Q

What is ambivalence in Carnivalesque Texts? Provide an example

A

presence of contradictory feeling, often spurs social change

Ex) Simultaneously being attracted and repelled by a text such as mean facebook posts

43
Q

What is user participation in Transgressive Practices

A

audience directly engages with the text

44
Q

What are the 3 aspects of user participation that users gain pleasure through

A

Control
Immersion
Performance

45
Q

What is control regarding user participation

A

something challenging but not impossible

46
Q

what is immersion regarding user participation

A

escape or losing track of time

47
Q

what is performance regarding user participation

A

experimentation with other identities

48
Q

What aspects of user participation is Netflix

A

immersion and escape

49
Q

What is user created content regarding transgressive practices? Provide an example?

A

when the audience becomes the producer

Ex) YouTube

50
Q

Define Fandom

A

communities organized around a particular text

51
Q

Define semiotic productivity

A
  • personalizing texts

- providing parasocial relationship with celebrities

52
Q

Define enunciative productivity? Provide an example

A

public and communal sharing of interest in text

Ex) Spoilers, insider information on Big Brother

53
Q

Define textual productivity? Provide an example

A

fans produce and circulate their own versions of the text

Ex) Fanfiction

54
Q

What are the 3 central premises of medium theory?

A

1) each medium of communication has a relatively unique, fixed set of characteristics
2) characteristics produce a particular type of communication environment
3) the communication environment has consequences for human consciousness and social organization

55
Q

What are the 2 basic ideas of medium theory

A

Ecology

Media Ecology

56
Q

What is the focus of ecology according to the medium theory

A

focuses on interactions between individuals and their environment

57
Q

What is media ecology according to the medium theory

A

the study of media as a fundamental aspect of our social environment which changes over time

58
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of Third Wave Media

VIVCD

A 
variability 
interactivity
virtuality
connectivity
digitality
59
Q

What are the 4 logics/effect of Third Wave Media?
PACA
**Think of the class activity regarding radio

A

Prosumptive
Affective
Contingent
Associational

60
Q

What is the prosumptive logic of Third Wave Media?

Provide an example

A

audience participation

ex) radio contests

61
Q

What is the contingent logic of Third Wave Media?

Provide an example

A
  • multiple perspectives
  • rejection
    ex) radio in red deer does not possess multiple perspectives as opposed to satellite radio
62
Q

What is the associational logic of Third wave media?

Provide an example

A

nonlinear thinking, “surfing”

Ex) surfing quickly through radio stations

63
Q

What is the affective logic of Third wave media?

Provide an example

A

appeal to multiple senses

Ex) television (visual and auditory)

64
Q

What is media literacy

A

understanding how media works in our own lives and sharing the knowledge with others

65
Q

What is Culture Jamming

A

the use of familiar media symbols and channels to reveal and overturn the consumerist or capitalist society they embody (activism)

66
Q

What is media reform

A

individual citizens and interest groups working to effective change in the structure and operation of mass media industries

Critical Media Studies (1 decks)

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