Midterm Flashcards
Earliest use of symbols (there are three examples I gave you)
ocher-> pigment used for paint
funeral paraphernalia
boia fragments w/ notches cut into them. not functional, but symbolic.
Tokens (why were they developed, what did they do, what were the pro’s and con’s)
kept track of stuff. Each token first represented one thing. The problems arose when the tokens got to be bulky.
Rebus principle
pictures to represent sounds
*Effects of literacy
The average Joe could learn to write.
People stopped blindly believing the church
They no longer had to memorize everything.
This skill was no longer for the rich.
Johannes Gutenberg
developed first printing press
Gutenberg Bible
First Mass Produced book of length.
Still very expensive,
but faster
and more universal than the hand written Bibles of the scribes.
Johann Fust
owned Gutenberg’s press. Took it back from him to pay back debts.
Changes the printing press made to history
Scholarship Oral traditions Languages Handwriting vs Printing Authorship Commercialization Pagination Religion
Benefits of printing vs. handwriting
Printing meant conformity (turn to pg 394)
while Handwriting was more individuality.
Pulp paper (what is it, and what was the effect of it)
Pulp paper is paper made from wood chips. It was cheaper than calf skin paper. The faster and cheaper something is to make, the better for the producer.
High-speed presses
Faster than the original press
papers reels
Instead of individual sheets
typesetting
using individual characters that are movable
Camera obscura
is an optical device that led to photography and the camera. The device consists of a box or room with a hole in one side. Pinhole camera created by Henry Fox Talbot
Louis Daguerre
daguerrotype- plates coded with silver
Mathew Brady and his relationship with the idea of media bias
Civil War pictures. What the media did and did not show/promote was clear. Used govt connections to really support the union. First strong example of media devices.
Photography’s relationship to propaganda (especially with the government)
The pictures that are shown in media will send whatever message the government shows and therefore will change depending on the positivity or negativity of the event at hand.
Persistence of vision
led to movies.
Edward Muybridge did a moving image of a horse. Kinda like a gif.
It was impressive for it’s time and the first people had seen of something like it.
Edward Muybridge
horse gif. Persistence of vision
Newsreels
form of short documentary film prevalent in the first half of the twentieth century, regularly released in a public presentation place and containing filmed news stories and items of topical interest
Electromagnetic spectrum
led to the telegraph and wireless technology to help the navy.
Television news’ development
Philio Farnsworth is the father of television. He developed it through highschool science. He called it an Image Detector. Television entertainment and news were developed instead of newsreels.
Cable TV (how/why was it created)
Cable TV was developed by Ed Parsons in Oregon because the mountains made the signal difficult. It used cables to transmit programming.
Cloud computing
Stores information somewhere else.
*Media convergence
Distribution- no longer need paper/books to do things. We can use the internet.
Devices- used to need various devices do tons of things. Now it can all be done on one devise.
Distinctions- Not so clear cut anymore. A phone is not just used to call.
Production- any one can produce media
Democratization- You don’t have to be an expert to make a movie.
Moore’s law
over the history of computing hardware, the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every 12-18 months
