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Mythology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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Mythology flashcards
0
Q

Gigantomachy

A

Zeus defeats the giants and Typhoeus. The giants were born when the blood from the mutilation of Uranus fell on the ground. They were imprisoned under the earth in volcanic regions.

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1
Q

Titanomachy

A

Zeus defeats his father Cronus with the help of his swallowed brothers and sisters. Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon. The Cyclopes also helped him and forged his thunder and lightning. The Hectonchires also helped hurling stones with their 100 hands. The Titans helped Cronus except Themis and her son Prometheus. Zeus fought from Mt. Olympus and Cronus from Mt. Othrys.

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2
Q

Typhoeus

A

Dragon that Zeus battled in Gigantomachy, was hurled into broad Tartarus. From him arise the winds that blow the mighty rains over land and sea causing great harm to mortals.

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3
Q

The Age of Gold

A

First age of mortal humans. Cronus was king and humans lived carefree without toil or trouble.

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4
Q

The Age of Silver

A

Second race of humans inferior to the first race both physically and mentally. They were arrogant and didn’t worship the gods so Zeus hid them under the earth.

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5
Q

The Age of Bronze

A

The third race of humans. They were terrible and violent and all killed each other in war. Went to Hades.

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6
Q

The Age of Heroes

A

The fourth race of men. Valiant in war and more just, a godlike race of men called demigods who preceded our own race on earth. Fought in the battle of Troy. The ones who survived were sent to the Island of the Blessed and ruled by Cronus.

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7
Q

The Age of Iron

A

The fifth and current race of humans. They never cease from toil and woe. They have some good and some evil. They are dishonorable and immoral and arrogant and speak harsh words.

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8
Q

Atlas

A

Son of Iapetus and Clymene who is responsible for holding up the sky.

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9
Q

Prometheus

A

Titan and son of Iapetus and Clymene. Tricked Zeus into taking ox bones craftily wrapped in fat. Zeus drive a post through him and tied him to it and made a great eagle eat his immortal liver every day. Hercules freed him. P also stole fire from Zeus and gave it to humans.

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10
Q

Pandora

A

An evil created by Zeus in response to Prometheus stealing fire. The first woman who brought trouble and sorrow to men. Hephaestus fashioned her and Athena clothes her. She had a jar (box) that scattered all evils upon men,

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11
Q

Io

A

A priestess of Hera whom Zeus loved. Hera turned her into a cow and made Argus (100 eyes) watch over her. Hermes lulled argus to sleep with stories and then cut off his head. Io is the chased by a gadfly as she wanders the earth. Finally finds peace in Egypt.

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12
Q

Argus

A

Hera’s 100 eyes monster that guards Io the cow. After his head is chopped off by Hermes Hera puts his eyes into the tail of a peacock.

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13
Q

Epaphus

A

Son of Io the cow

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14
Q

Hesiod

A

Poet author of Theogony and Works and Days. Much greater identity than Homer.

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15
Q

Theogony

A

Poem my Hesiod that tells a tale of creation.

16
Q

Gaia (Ge or Gaea)

A

“Earth”

17
Q

Tartarus

A

A place deep in the depths of earth.

18
Q

Chaos

A

“Yawning void.” The beginning or first principle in creation. All others came out of it.

19
Q

Oceanids

A

3000 daughters and 3000 sons offspring of Oceanus and Tethys. The spirits of rivers, waters and springs.

20
Q

Phaethon

A

Son of Helius. Wants to prove that the sun is his father, tries to drive his chariot across the sky. Loses control, gives Ethiopians their dark skin and Libya into a desert. Zeus killed him.

21
Q

Aphrodite

A

(Venus) Goddess of love, beauty and desire. Married to Hephaestus. Depicted as beautiful and often naked. Symbols:

22
Q

Apollo

A

God of light, healing, music, poetry, plague, prophecy and more. Son of Zeus and Leto and twin brother of Artemis. Depicted as a handsome young man with perfect physique and long hair. Symbols are the sun, laurel writhe, lyre, bow and arrow.

23
Q

Ares

A

(Mars) God of war. Son of Zeus and Hera. Often depicted naked with a helmet and spear or sword or with armor. Represents the chaos of war.

24
Q

Artemis

A

(Diana) Virgin goddess of hunting, wilderness, animals and childbirth. Daughter of Zeus and Leto and twin sister to Apollo. Often associated with the moon, hunting dogs, deer, spears.

25
Q

Athena

A

(Minerva) Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and tactics. Born from Zeus’s head fully formed and wearing armor. Patron of the city of Athens. Has bright keen eyes, often wearing the Aegis and holding shield and spear and helmet. Symbols are the olive tree and owl.

26
Q

Demeter

A

(Ceres) Goddess of farming, the harvest and fertility. Daughter of Cronus and Rhea, sister to Zeus. Often depicted as older woman holding bundles of wheat.

27
Q

Dionysus

A

(Bacchus) God of wine, parties, festivals, madness and ecstasy. Depicted as either and older man with a beard or a pretty young man with long hair. Carries a pine cone tipped staff, drinking cup, and often is has his followers with him: satyrs and maenads.

28
Q

Hades

A

(Pluto) King of the underworld and god of the dead. Son of Cronus and Rhea. Consort is Persephone. His attributes are the cornucopia, key, sceptre, and three headed dog Cerberus.

29
Q

Hephaestus

A

(Vulcan) God of fire, metalworking, and crafts. Son of Hera alone and he is crippled. Smith of the gods and husband of Aphrodite.

30
Q

Hera

A

(Juno) Queen of the heavens and goddess of marriage, women and birth. Wife of Zeus and daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Often depicted in a crown, veil, holding a lotus tipped staff.

31
Q

Hermes

A

(Mercury) God of travel, writing, trade and more. Son of Zeus and Maia and messenger of the gods. Leads souls of the dead into the afterlife. Wears winged sandals.

32
Q

Hestia

A

(Vesta) Goddess of the hearth, home, and chastity. Virgin and daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Symbols are the hearth and kettle.

33
Q

Poseidon

A

(Neptune) God of the sea, rivers, floods, droughts and earthquakes. Creator of horses. Son of Cronus and Rhea. Depicted as an older man with a large beard holding a trident. Married to Amphitrite.

34
Q

Zeus

A

(Jupiter) King of the gods and ruler of Mt. Olympus. God of the sky, thunder and lightning, law and order and fate. Youngest son of Cronus and Rhea who overthrew his father. Symbols are the royal sceptre, lightning bolt, eagle and bull.

35
Q

Helius

A

God of sun. Father of Phaethon.Son of Hyperion and Theia.

36
Q

Hyperion

A

God of sun. Titan and father of Helius. Selene and Eos.

37
Q

Selene

A

Goddess of the moon. Daughter of Hyperion and Theia.

38
Q

Eos

A

Goddess of the dawn and child of Hyperion and Theia.

Mythology (1 decks)

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