Midterm Flashcards
Cyclic events
natural events that occur at predictable intervals
Mitigation
efforts to prepare for a disaster to reduce its damage
Plate tectonics
theory: lithospheric plates coolide, pull apart, and slide past eachother causing earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
Type of earthquake waves in order?
P waves
S waves
Surface waves- cause the most damage
epicenter
the closest spot on the surface to the source of the EQ
Seismographs
record the shaking of the earthquake
Mercalli Intensity
a scale based on the intensity of of the ground shaking at a location
Richter magnitude
the scale of EQ magnitude
based on the maximum amplitude wave
moment magnitude
measures the total energy expended during an EQ
Liquefaction
soils become almost like liquid when being shook by the EQ then go back solid when the shaking stops
magma
lava in the volcano, when it hits earths surface it is called lava
Viscosity
how fluid magma is
Magma characteristics
Basalt- fluid low viscosity
Andesite- medium viscosity
Rhyolite- thick and pasty
Volatiles
dissolved gasses in a volcano
Hawaiian Type Lava
lava that erupts from volcanoes
lava flow
flows out the volcano onto the surface
AA
blocky basalt with ragged clinkery surface
Strata volcano
large steep sided cone over a subduction zone
- made of andesite
- lava runs fast
Caldera forming eruptions
rhyolite volcanoes
-very devastating
Pyroclastic flow
hot volcanic ash and steam that pour down because it is to dense to rise
Volcanic weather
rain falling during an eruption because of the ash
