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Working With Children > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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Sight Words (Ages 4-6) flashcards UMT for Kids flashcards
1
Q

Adaptaion

A

the modification of an organism or its behavior to make it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment

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2
Q

Bio-ecological

A

the role organisms play in shaping their environments over time

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3
Q

Ecology

A

the science of interrelationships between organisms and their environments

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4
Q

Demographics

A

statistical characteristics of human populations, such as age, income, and race

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5
Q

Economics

A

the production, distribution and consumption of good and services

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6
Q

Socialization

A

a process by which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills and character traits that enable them to participate as effective members of groups and society.

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7
Q

More on socialization

A

Includes parenting or child rearing, social development and education
Takes place in the family, school, peer group, & community
Enables a person to participate in social groups and society
Enables the existence of a society
Happens over time
Though interactions with significant others
By means of communication
In emotionally significant context
Leads to certain outcomes that are shaped by various social groups

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8
Q

Maturation

A

refers to developmental change associated with the biological process of aging.

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9
Q

Genotype

A

the total composite of hereditary instructions coded in the genes at the moment of conception

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10
Q

Temperament and Socialization

A

the innate characteristics that determine an individual’s sensitivity to various experiences and responsiveness to social interaction

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11
Q

The Renaissance

A

children treated as miniature adults

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12
Q

Development of the Printing Press

A

children treated as uniformed adults

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13
Q

The Industrial Revolution

A

Children need to be prepared for adulthood in a complex society, compulsory education laws, recognition of children’s rights, passage of child labor laws

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14
Q

Childhood Today

A

children viewed as consumers, pressured to compete, to achieve, to be independent and self-reliant

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15
Q

Theory

A

an organized set of statements that explain observations integrates different facts or events and then predicts future outcomes.

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16
Q

Theories provide:

A

A framework for interpreting research findings and give directions for future studies
Explain a particular aspect of development, such as genetics
Describes settings that influence many aspects of the child’s development such as culture
Examines the interaction between the child and his or her environment

17
Q

Infants & toddlers (0-2)

A

understand things in terms of their senses and motor activity. They recognize a rattle by its feel, taste & sound

18
Q

Preschoolers (3-5)

Piaget (1952)

A

beginning to understand relationships between people, objects, and events – but not in a logical way

19
Q

School-ages (6-11)

Piaget (1952)

A

can use logic to understand relationships, but only on concrete, or real level, people, objects or events.

20
Q

Adolescents (age 12 & up)

Piaget (1952)

A

understand abstract and hypothetical relationships and therefore can solve problems regarding things they haven’t experienced directly

21
Q

According to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory there are four basic structures:

A

Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exocystem
Macrosystem

22
Q

MICROSYSTEMS

A

Activities and relationships with significant others experienced by a developing person in a particular small setting
Examples are family, school, peer group, and community

23
Q

MESOSYSTEMS

A

Linkages and interrelationships between two or more of a person’s microsystems

24
Q

EXOSYSTEM

A

Settings in which children do not actually participate, but affect them in one of their microsystems

25
Q

MACROSYSTEMS

A

The society and subculture to which the developing person belongs with a particular reference to belief systems, lifestyle patterns of interactions and life changes

26
Q

Diverse Patterns of Behavior :

A

Communications
Relationship to Natural and Social Environment
Adaptive Behavior to Survive

27
Q

Biological

A

genetics, evolution, hormones

28
Q

Sociocultural

A

development of the brain neural connections – developed in response to experience

29
Q

AIMS OF SOCIALIZATION

A

socialization enables children to learn what they need to know in order to be integrated into the society in which they live

30
Q

Development of “self-concept”

A

the individual’s perception of his or her self identity as distinct from others

31
Q

Development of self-esteem

A

the value one places on that identity

32
Q

Psychologist Erik Erikson explained ?

A

the personality development of individuals as the outcome of their interactions in their social environment

33
Q

Eight Stages of psychosocial development in a human’s life:

A 
Trust vs mistrust – lays the foundation for positive self-esteem
Autonomy vs Shame & doubt – physical & cognitive maturation
Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs identity diffusion
Intimacy vs Isolation
Generativity vs Self-Absorption
Integrity vs Despair
34
Q

Self-regulation

A

involves the ability to control one’s impulses, behavior, and /or emotions until an appropriate time, place, or object is available for expression

35
Q

Developmental task

A

a task that lies between an individual need and a societal demand

36
Q

Developing physically:

A

enables us to walk, control our bladder, and use a pencil

37
Q

Developing intellectually:

A

enables us to learn to read, do arithmetic and solve problems

38
Q

Social development:

A

enables us to cooperate, empathize and interact with others

39
Q

Emotional development:

A

enables us to regulate our impulses and express our feelings.

Working With Children (1 decks)

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