Midterm #2 People/Writings Flashcards
“Thoughts on Government”
John Adams
- Judicial, executive, and legislative should be separate
- Legislature needs two bodies
- Judges should be nominated not elected
“Letter to James Duane”
Alexander Hamilton
- Articles of Confederation completely inadequate for the running of a nation.
- States have too much power with certain things that they will do nothing about such as the army.
- Federal government has much too little power.
“Federalist 78”
Alexander Hamilton
• Judicial holds neither sword nor purse
• Judicial branch shouldn’t be feared
- Can’t remedy problems without case
- Doesn’t have strength or wealth
- Don’t have to please for re-election
“Vices of the Political System of the United States
James Madison
• Issues with Articles of Confederation:
- States encroaching on federal
authority
- Trespass of states on each other's
rights
- Multiplicity of laws in states
- Mutability of laws in states
“Correspondence on a Bill of Rights”
MADISON
James Madison
• Bill of Rights unnecessary • People already control rights by limited government power • Listing rights may narrow rights • Federalism makes two forms of government hold each other accountable • CAME TO BELIEVE BILL OF RIGHTS WAS NECESSARY
“Federalist 10”
James Madison
• "FACT10NS"
• Factions are caused by:
- Unequal distribution of property
- Religion
- Attachment to leaders
• In order to remove factions, you would
have to take away liberty or give
everyone the same beliefs
• Small republic = less factions, more
likely
one will take over
• Large republic = More factions, more
competition, less efficient, BUT prevents
tyranny
“Federalist 51”
James Madison
• "5tructures and 1nstitutions
• If men were angels, no need for
government
• Structures and Institutions help combat
bad human nature
• Auxiliary Precautions
- Separation of Powers
- Checks and Balances
- Defined Term Lengths
“How the Consitution’s Federalist Framework is being tested by COVID-19”
Jennifer Selin
• Traditional idea of federalism has
national government in charge of policy
and states in charge of other areas.
• Today, executive powers have
expanded, especially in times of crisis
• Founders envisioned greater
accountability for leaders
Brutus Essays
• Anti-Federalist • Wanted Bill of rights • Constitution gives federal government too much power • "necessary and proper" too vague
“Letters from an American Farmer”
Crevecour
• "Silken bands" to hold government together (weaker federal gov) • America is made up of cultivators who work for themselves • Being American is not determined by lineage, but by acceptance of new way of life and government.
“Federalist 2”
John Jay
• Disagreed with Crevecour's vision of government held together with "silken bands" • Stronger national government necessary, one united country
“Kentucky Resolutions”
Thomas Jefferson
• Denounced sedition acts (can’t speak
against government)
• Government can’t stifle the voice of the
people
“Correspondence on a Bill of Rights” JEFFERSON
Thomas Jefferson
• Bill of Rights is absolutely necessary • Individual states have Bill of Rights, so the national government should too • Madison is neglecting the role of the judiciary • Having some rights written is better than none at all • CONVINCES MADISON
“Letter to a Committee of Danbury Baptists”
Thomas Jefferson
• Religion is between man and God
• Government shouldn’t meddle with
establishment or free exercise of religion
“Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments”
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Comparable to Declaration of
Independence
• Grievances against men:
- No right to vote
- No power if married
- No right to property
- Divorce is man's decision
“Ain’t I a Woman”
Sojourner Truth
- Women can do just as much as men
- Men wouldn’t be here without women
- Christ was born of a woman
“Farewell Address”
George Washington
• Avoid political parties
- Perception based on repute, not
policy
• Warns against “foreign entanglements”
“The Mire of Democracy”
Fisher Ames
- In democracy, people don’t always know what’s best
- Republic (with representation) is necessary to protect the nation
“Veto on the Bank Bill”
Andrew Jackson
- Bank is a danger to liberty and independence
- Bank is a monopoly that hurts the economy
“Is it a Crime for a Citizen of the United States to Vote?”
Susan B. Anthony
- Arrested for voting in 1872
- If a woman is a citizen, she should be able to vote
- Without women, not “consent of the governed”
- Voting is a natural right
“If Men were Seeking the Franchise”
Jane Addams
• If women could vote and men couldn’t it would be different
• Men and Women are different, which causes conflict
- Women can organize
- Women are more peaceful
“Civil Disobedience”
Henry David Thoreau
- “That government is best which governs least”
- Citizens have a responsibility to retaliate against unjust policy
- Intentionally breaking the law to protest
“A Disquisition on Government”
John C. Calhoun
- PRO-SLAVERY
- Slavery was once seen as a great evil
- Now it stabilizes free institutions and is very necessary
“Cannibals All! Or, Slaves without Masters”
George Fitzhugh
• PRO-SLAVERY
• Northern manufacturers are worse than slave owners
• Slaves are free because:
- Masters care for slaves
- Masters provide food and shelter
• States should have the right to regulate their own institutions
