Midterm 2 - Ch 9,10,12,13

Question 1

Why is human resource management in today’s organization instrumental in driving an organization toward its goal?

Answer 1

• Strategy manager.
• Benefits analysis.
• Training and development.
• Interactivity within employees.
• Conflict management.
• Establishing a healthy work culture.
• Compliance.

Question 2

Strategy manager

Answer 2

HR managers manage strategies to ensure the organization reaches its business goals, As well as contributing significantly to the corporate decision making process.

Question 3

Benefits analysis

Answer 3

HR professionals our train to conduct efficient negotiations with potential and existing employees, as well as being well-versed with employee benefits that are likely to attract quality candidates and retaining the existing workforce.

Question 4

Training and development

Answer 4

Play a pivotal role in strengthening employer-employee relationships. This contributed to the growth of employees within the company, hence employee satisfaction and productivity

Question 5

Compliance

Answer 5

HR professionals work towards making organization compliant with employment laws, as well as maintaining records of hiring processes and applicants’ log.

Question 6

What is the human resource management process?

Answer 6

Acquisition

Maintenance

Development

Question 7

Acquisition

Answer 7

consist of human resource planning for employees, which include activities related to analyzing employees, determining the necessary skills for positions, identifying job and industry trends, and forecasting future employment levels and skill requirements

Question 8

Maintenance

Answer 8

Concerned with protecting and promoting the physical and mental health of employees. Several types of fringe benefits such as housing, medical and, educational facilities are provided to the employees

Question 9

Development

Answer 9

makes employees more valuable by improving their ability, capability, knowledge and skills.

Question 10

What is recruitment?

Answer 10

Recruitment - is the process of attracting qualified job applicants.

Question 11

What does the recruitment process involve?

Answer 11

1. Attract a candidate pool. Recruit from advertised job postings, job fairs, post secondary career centres, Professional networking, and websites such as indeed.com and LinkedIn.
2. Screen candidates. Review Resumes and cover letters to eliminate candidates who don’t meet the minimum qualifications. Then rank them.
3. Interview candidates. interview the top candidates selected during the screening process.
4. Compare candidates.
5. Check references. Speak with former employees of the candidates, and may involve criminal background checks and drug test.
6. Make a job offer. Discuss compensation. Once agreement is reached on those items, the candidate accepts the offer, and the job is filled.

Question 12

What are the advantages of workplace diversity?

Answer 12

1. Provides businesses a marketing edge. Employees with roots in other countries bring insight, cultural knowledge, and even language skills that can improve marketing programs in those countries.
2. Drives creativity and innovation. Organizations that hire a diverse group of employees can benefit from their different skills and life experiences. These different points of view can help a company find new opportunities and ways of doing things.
3. Attracts top talent. Companies to develop the best reputations for managing diversity can feel better in the competition for the best employees.

Question 13

Differentiate between training and development.

Answer 13

Training- The process of teaching new employees how to do their jobs, or teaching existing employees how to do their jobs more effectively and efficiently.

Development- The process of preparing employees to assume increased responsibility and both present and future positions. Aimed at preparing employees for advancement in the organization.

Question 14

On the job training (method of training)

Answer 14

The trainee learns by doing the work understood the supervision of an experienced employee or peer mentor. The advantages are that it is inexpensive, easy to implement, and provides real world immersion for the trainee. The disadvantages that it can distract the trainer from the primary job duties.

Question 15

Simulations (method of training)

Answer 15

Physical or computer simulations, or the use of role-playing scenarios. Advantages of simulation is that they provide practical training without disrupting daily operations. The disadvantages that they can teach and be expensive to the administer.

Question 16

Classroom Teaching (method of training)

Answer 16

Advantages of it are that it can accommodate many trainees at once and provide personal interaction for trainees. The disadvantages that retention is lower with this teaching format.

Question 17

Online training

Answer 17

Is a flexible option because it can incorporate several modes of teaching. Advantage of it is that it can be an inexpensive way to consistently train a large number of employees. The disadvantage is that the training often lacks personal interaction with the trainers.

Question 18

Performance Appraisal

Answer 18

The ‘evaluation of employees’ current and potential levels of performance to allow managers to make objective human resources decisions.

Question 19

Describe the performance appraisal process.

Answer 19

1. Evaluate performance against standards. Managers should meet with the employees to explain the evaluation and advise on opportunities for involvement.
2. Make employee decisions. Managers in HR staff should use performance appraisal results as a basis for distributing rewards or making corrective action.
3. Assesses HRM practices. Managers and HR staff should review the cumulative results of performance appraisals determine opportunities for improvement in recruiting and training.

Question 20

What is compensation? How is it determined?

Answer 20

Compensation - The payment employees receive in return for their labour.

Determined by: Years of experience, level of responsibility, depending on what industry it is, based on job evaluation, supply of candidates, the nature of the position, the organizational culture, and the individual employee’s preference.

Question 21

Discuss the various types of compensation.

Answer 21

• Salary
• Benefits (health insurance, dental insurance, pension, vacation, flex time- ability to decide how many hours to work)
• Incentives (commission and bonuses)

Question 22

List some of the laws to protect Canadian workers.

Answer 22

• The charter of rights and freedom. Provides the right to live in seek employment anywhere in Canada.
• Human rights legislation. Provides equal opportunity for members of protected groups in areas such as accommodation, contracts, provision of goods and services, and employment.
• Occupational health and safety act. Designed to protect the health and safety of workers by minimizing work related accidents and illnesses.
• WHMIS (workplace hazards materials information system). Design to protect workers by providing information about hazardous materials in the workplace.
• Canadian human rights act. Prohibits discrimination on a number of grounds.
• Employment equity act. Attempts to remove employment barriers promote equality for the members of four designated groups: Women, visible minorities, aboriginal people, and persons with disabilities.

Question 23

Good

Answer 23

a physical, tangible product that we can see and touch. Can be mass produced and stored.

Question 24

Service

Answer 24

an intangible product that experience or use. Ex. Financial advice, office cleaning.

Question 25

Product

Answer 25

everything one receives in an exchange, including all tangible and intangible attributes and expected benefits; it may be a good, a service or an idea.

Question 26

3 classifications of consumer products?

Answer 26

Convenience product- a relatively inexpensive product purchased to satisfy personal and family needs. Buy these routinely without much planning. You recognize and buy these products by their brand name. Ex. Candy, toilet paper, toothpaste.

Shopping product- an item for which buyers are willing to expend considerable effort on planning and making the purchase. Compare stores, brands, features and qualities. These products are meant to last a long time and are purchased less often. Ex. Personal grooming products, phones, furniture.

Specialty product- an item that possess one or more unique characteristics for which a significant group of buyers is willing to spend considerable purchasing effort. Planned purchase. Consumers know what they want and don’t look for substitutes. Ex. Sports and movie memorabilia (merch), High end purses.

Question 27

Product development stages

Answer 27

1. Idea generation
2. Product analysis
3. Product development and testing
4. Commercialization

Question 28

Idea generation

Answer 28

get ideas from customers and competitors, conduct brainstorm sessions

Question 29

Product analysis

Answer 29

take out ideas that do not fit the product mix, are too expensive, or are not feasible for some other reason. Present idea to potential customers for feedback. create estimates of possible cost and profitability of launching the new product.

Question 30

Product development and testing

Answer 30

create detail specifications of product features to evaluate production cost and feasibility. Develop and evaluate prototypes if possible. Launch product on a smaller scale to evaluate consumer response.

Question 31

Commercialization

Answer 31

based on results from previous ages, make product changes or improvements. Plan for full scale manufacturing, distribution, and marketing. Launch products to general market. An alternative to traditional commercialization is to license your product or idea to another company, which launches the product and pays your portion of the sales revenue.

Question 32

List the factors that influence change to the product mix.

Answer 32

Changes in customer preference.
Challenges from competitors.
Stage of product life cycle.
Simplified product mix.

Question 33

What are the three main benefits to grouping in managing product by product line

Answer 33

Creates clarity for consumers as they evaluate product choices. A person who is shopping for a healthy cereal does not need to evaluate all of the business is serious. They can focus on options within the healthier line and ignore the options for in the kids line.

May result in better management of the company‘s product mix. A business may have more than one product manager. Each product manager must identify how to best serve customers for their align and respond to competition with their market segment.

Can help simplify branding decisions. ex. Instead of creating a new brand to offer a new cereal they can launch it under a new flavour and have instant brand recognition for the new product.

Question 34

List the primary functions of product packaging

Answer 34

Protect a product - Choice of materials, construction of packaging

Attract buyer attention. Colours, pictures, large brand names

Provide product information. Ingredients, explanation of contents, instructions.

Improve design or function. Improved pour spouts, resealable cartons

Better serve customer needs. travel size, product bundles

Question 35

10 things that require 0 talent

Answer 35

Being on time
Work ethic
Effort
Body language 
Energy 
Attitude 
Passion
Being coachable 
Doing extra
Being prepared

Question 36

Frederick Taylor scientific management

Answer 36

• believed people only worked to earn money
• After a job is broken into separate tasks, management should scientifically determine the best way to do each task.
• The more a person produced, the more they should be paid.

Question 37

The Hawthorne studies

Answer 37

• Employees work harder when they receive more attention.
• Employees who are happy and satisfied with their work are motivated to perform better, which can also increase productivity.
• pay is only one motivator

Question 38

Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs:

Answer 38

• Motivation theory That sequences human needs in order of their importance, from physiological needs to self-actualization needs

Question 39

Piece-rate system

Answer 39

A compensation system under which employees are paid a certain amount for each unit of output they produce.

Question 40

Self-actualization needs

Answer 40

I need to grow, develop, and become all that we are capable of being. Could be learning a new skill, devoting time to helping others, or starting a new career after retirement.

Question 41

Esteem needs

Answer 41

respect and recognition from others and a sense of our own accomplishments and self-esteem. These may be satisfied through personal accomplishment, promotions at work, honours and awards, and other forms of recognition.

Question 42

Social needs

Answer 42

The human requirements for love, affection, and a sense of belonging. These can be satisfied through relationships in the work environment, informal organizations, and social networks such as your family and friends.

Question 43

Safety needs

Answer 43

The things we require for physical and emotional security. These may be job security, hog insurance, pension plans, and safe working conditions.

Question 44

Physiological needs

Answer 44

most basic needs; these are the things we need to survives, such as food, water, clothing, shelter, and sleep.

Question 45

Theory X

Answer 45

A concept of employee motivation generally consistent with Taylor’s management;
assumes that employees dislike work, managers must threaten them to achieve goals, people must be led because they have little ambition and will function only in a highly controlled work environment.

Question 46

Theory Y

Answer 46

A concept of employee motivation generally consistent with the ideas of the human relations movement;
People do not hate working, people will work towards goals to which they are committed, become committed if they receive rewards, organizations generally do not make full use of their Human Resources.

Question 47

ERG Theory

Answer 47

Existence- the concern for basic material existent motivators.

Relatedness- the concern for interpersonal relations

Growth: the concern for personal growth

Question 48

Herzburg‘s two factor theory

Answer 48

Satisfaction and dissatisfaction or separate and distinct dimensions.

Motivation factors- achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, growth, the work itself = Satisfied. Increases motivation.

Maintenance Factors- supervision, working conditions, interpersonal relationships, pay, job security, company policies and administration= reduces Dissatisfaction but doesn’t increase motivation.

Question 49

Equity Theory

Answer 49

People are motivated to obtain and preserve equitable treatment for themselves.

Distribute rewards in direct proportion to each employee’s contribution to the organization.

Question 50

Goal setting motivation

Answer 50

Suggest that employees are motivated to achieve goals that they are managers establish together.

Question 51

Goal setting theory lead to motivation

Answer 51

• employee dissipation in goal setting create a new ship and commitment.
• Rewards can be tailored to employee needs.
• The collaboration and support of manager provides further motivation.
• Achievement and growth
• Satisfies social and self esteem needs.

Question 52

Flex time

Answer 52

A system in which employees except their own work hours within employer determine.

Question 53

Job sharing

Answer 53

an arrangement we are by two people share one full-time position.

Question 54

Telecommuting

Answer 54

working at home all the time or for a portion of the work week.

Question 55

job enlargement

Answer 55

A form of job in Richmond for an employee is given additional but similar tasks to complete

Question 56

Job enrichment

Answer 56

A method for motivating employees by providing them with the increased variety, responsibility, and control over their jobs

Question 57

job rotation

Answer 57

A form of job in Richmond where in employee is moved between various jobs for specific periods of time

Question 58

Identify four different types of teams

Answer 58

Functional:

• members of this team belong to the same functional department such as marketing, production, etc.
• Supervised and led by the manager for that functional area.

Cross Functional:

• Members of this team are from different functional departments (also referred to as matrix departmentalized)
• Team members are led both by their functional manager and the team manager, usually a project or program manager.
• Used often for projects and new product development.
• Often temporary in nature.

Self Managed:

• Group of employees with skills and the ability to manage themselves, team is monitored, but not actively lead, by managers.
• The leader ship role is shared or rotated within the team.
• Team member is held mutually responsible for meeting objectives.

Virtual:

• Members are geographically dispersed but communicate electronically.
• Can be structured like functional, cross functional, or self managed teams depending on the skill in authority of the members.

Question 59

What advantages does teamwork provide when compared to working alone?

Answer 59

• synergy. Cooperation between members can often lead to faster and more thorough results when compared to working alone.
• Creativity. Different perspectives and ideas can help solve the problems and lead to innovation.
• Satisfaction of needs. Provides for social and self-esteem needs, which can often increase job satisfaction.
• Accuracy. Errors can be avoided because members can check each other‘s work.

Question 60

What are the commonpitfalls of teamwork?

Answer 60

• team conflict. When conflicts do arise, members must work to reach a compromise before resentments build up and destroy team cohesion.
• Social loafing. When a team member does not perform their share of the work. To avoid, team members must hold each other accountable for results and team responsibilities must be clearly defined.
• Groupthink. When members of a highly cohesive group tend to reject contrary opinions. Soon a team culture can develop that does not affect dissent, stifles creativity, and damages Tamara. To avoid, teams can utilize a variety of brainstorming and decision-making techniques in order to maximize the number of ideas that are considered.

Question 61

Marketing

Answer 61

The entire process of creating relationships with customers by offering goods, services, and experiences that they value.

Question 62

Production orientation

Answer 62

A past era in marketing that place emphasis on increased output in production efficiency

Question 63

Customer orientation

Answer 63

The current era and marketing wearing organization for us to terms with customers need and then develop products to fill those needs

Question 64

The production Era

Answer 64

Take orders. Mass produce. Distribute goods.

Question 65

Sales era

Answer 65

Increase advertising. Focus on product benefits. Intensify sales techniques.

Question 66

Customer relationship era

Answer 66

Determine customer needs. Satisfy those needs. Use customer feedback to continually refine and improve product offerings.

Question 67

Branding

Answer 67

The relationship between a company and its customers that is built on trust

Question 68

Satisfying a customer means providing:

Answer 68

The right product. In the right place. At the right time. At the right price.

Question 69

Utility

Answer 69

The ability of a product to satisfy a human need

Question 70

Steps and consumer decision process

Answer 70

Recognize problem. Search for information. Evaluate alternatives. Purchase. Evaluate after purchase.

Question 71

Marketing Plan

Answer 71

A written document that specifies an organizations resources, objectives, marketing strategy, and implementation and control efforts to be used in marketing a specific product or product group

Question 72

Marketing activities are affected by a number of external forces that make up the marketing environment

Answer 72

Economic forces, Sociocultural forces, political forces, competitive forces, legal and regulatory forces, and technological forces.

Question 73

Applications for marketing research include:

Answer 73

Assessing the business environment to identify opportunities.
Understanding your position in relation to competitors.
Learning the preferences and usage patterns of your existing customers.
Evaluating the likely success of a new product.

Question 74

Steps involved in market research

Answer 74

Define the research goal. Gather information. Interpret information. Make marketing decisions.

Question 75

Primary research:

Answer 75

Market research information that is collected by the company using methods such as surveys, focus groups, and customer interviews

Question 76

Secondary research

Answer 76

Market research information that has already been gathered and published by someone outside the company

Question 77

What are the benefits of innovation

Answer 77

Enhance existing products or lead to entirely new ones.

• Improving function of quality.
• Lowering costs of production.
• Offering customers new experiences not previously available.