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SOC 1101 > Midterm #2 > Flashcards

Midterm #2 Flashcards

1
Q

The components of culture:

A 
Symbols
Language
Values
Norms
Material objects
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2
Q

Symbols:

A

Anything the meaningfully represents something else to others
Words, numbers, pictures, colours, gestures, facial expressions, etc

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3
Q

Language:

A

Set of symbols that express ideas and enabled people to think and communicate with one another

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4
Q

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

A

language shapes how we think, perceive and thus experience the world

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5
Q

Values:

A
  • Collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable
  • Provide the criteria for evaluating people, objects, and events
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6
Q

Norms:

A
  • Established rules of behaviour or standards of conduct

- May be formal or informal, consists of folkways, mores, taboos, laws

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7
Q

Material culture:

A

Physical and tangible human creations:

tools, artifacts, and technologies

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8
Q

Non material culture:

A

Abstract or intangible human creations: symbols, norms, and values

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9
Q

Non material culture:

A

Abstract or intangible human creations: symbols, norms, and values

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10
Q

Social structure:

A
  • Stable pattern of social relationships that exist within a particular group or society
  • We all depend on one another in all social interactions, mutual interaction
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11
Q

Social interaction:

A

Process by which people act toward or respond to other people

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12
Q

Components of Social Structure:

A

Status
Roles
Groups
Social Institution

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13
Q

Status:

A

A socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights and duties

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14
Q

Status set:

A

all of the structures that make up a person over a given time; implies relationships to other people

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15
Q

Ascribed status:

A

attributes assigned at birth, or gained later in life (not chosen)

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16
Q

Achieved Status:

A

spical postion a person assumer sovluntarity thorugh merit

17
Q

Master Status:

A

most important status, dominate over all others, determines a person’s social position

18
Q

Role:

A

a set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status
We hold a status and perform a role

19
Q

Role Expectation:

A

society’s thinking of how a role should be played

20
Q

Role Performance:

A

how a person actually plays a role

21
Q

Role Ambiguity:

A

occurs when roles expectations are unclear

22
Q

Role Conflict:

A

occurs when incompatible role demands are placed on a person with two or more statuses

23
Q

Role Overload:

A

when the total number of statuses and role sets overwhelms all activity

24
Q

Role Strain:

A

when incompatible role demands build into a single status

25
Q

Role Distancing:

A

when individuals find themselves in roles where social identities are inconsistent with how they view themselves

26
Q

Role exit:

A

when people disenroll with their status, ends with the creation of a new identity

27
Q

What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? Illustrate with an example.

A
  • The Inuit many different words (23-54) to designate various kinds of snow
  • Gauchos of Argentina: 200 different colours of horses
  • Filipinos: 92 different words for different kinds of rice
  • The Arabic language is said to contain 1000 different expressions for sword
  • Koya of South India: no distinction between snow, fog, and dew but seven types of bamboo
28
Q

Nonmaterial culture ie:

A

Abstract or intangible
human creations:
symbols, norms, and values

29
Q

Material culture ie:

A

Physical and tangible
human creations:
tools, artifacts, and technologies

30
Q

Functions of Socialization

A

○ Ensures the survival and stability of society

○ Ensures the individual’s survival and development: personality and sense of self

31
Q

Three micro-sociological topics

A

Social construction of reality
Dramaturgical analysis
No verbal communication

32
Q

Social construction of reality

A

Our perception of reality and our behaviours are shaped by the subjective meaning that we give to an experience

33
Q

Social construction ie:

A

Anagrams

Irony

34
Q

Dramaturgical analysis

A

The study of interactions that compares everyday life to a theatrical presentation

35
Q

Impression management:

A

Our efforts to present ourselves to others in ways that are most favourable to our own interest

36
Q

Face saving behaviour

A

Strategies we use to rescue our performance when we experience loss of face

37
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

The transfer of info between persons without the use of speech- through body

38
Q

Functions of nonverbal communication

A

Reinforces verbal messages
Displays responsiveness
Est. Relationships
Shows gendered patterns of dominance

SOC 1101 (3 decks)

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