MIDTERM 2

Question 1

PHONEME

• def
• example

Answer 1

DEF: distinct sound

EX// [kit] [mit]

Question 2

ALLOPHONE

• def
• example

Answer 2

DEF: speech sounds assigned to one phoneme

EX// [kit] [khit]

Question 3

HOW TO: DISTINCT PHONEMES

Answer 3

1. change one sound in the same position of word

2. check if meaning changed

Question 4

MINIMAL PAIR

• def
• example

Answer 4

DEF: two words that differ by one segment in same position

EX// [sun] [sung]

Question 5

COMPLEMENTARY DISTRIBUTION

• def
• example

Answer 5

DEF: when 2 sounds never occur in the same environment

EX// heed seize leave
[i] occurs with voiced obstruents

Question 6

MORPHEME

• def
• types
• example

Answer 6

DEF: smallest unit of language
TYPES
-1 morpheme=simple words
-2 morphemes=complex words

Question 7

FREE MORPHEME

Answer 7

a word by itself

builder

Question 8

BOUND MORPHEME

Answer 8

must be attached to another element to make a word

usually affixes (suffix, prefix, infix)

Question 9

ALLOMORPH

Answer 9

various pronunciations of a morpheme.

NOT a morpheme bc it doesn’t change meaning

EX// [-s] and [-es] BOTH mean plural even though they’re pronounced different. same morpheme

Question 10

DERIVATIONAL MORPHEME

Answer 10

used affix to build word with meaning/ category distinct from base

AKA. affix DERIVES different part of speech from the root

EX// act=verb
active=adjective

Question 11

INFLECTIONAL MORPHEME

Answer 11

• modification of word’s form to indicate grammatical info of various sorts
• expressed thru affixation

Question 12

PROBLEM WITH TRADITIONAL DEFINITION OF MORPHEME

Answer 12

that it has to carry meaning.

bound morphemes do NOT have meaning by themselves but they are still a morpheme.