Midterm 2

Question 1

(1) Translation Movement

Answer 1

Highlight of European enlightenment, Arabic civilizations would often translate texts to Greek.

Used for multiculturalism, also as a facet of curiosity

Question 2

(1) Baghdad

Answer 2

Capital city of the middle east region, meant to be a large cultural hub, founded by Caliph al-Masudi
Transition from Sassanian Ideologies to Abbasinian ideologies

Question 3

(1) Caliph al-Masudi

Answer 3

Helped to move the capital from Damascus to Baghdad, was a scholar that was well versed in translation, and helped propel the Islamic knowledge movement

Question 4

(2) Charlemagne

Answer 4

Emperor Charlemagne ruled over the Holy Roman Empire and is known for his harsh intertwining of Christianity and politics.

Question 5

(2) Baugaulf of Fulda

Answer 5

Baugaulf of Fulda was a letter from Charlemange explaining the purpose of God’s righteousness in the education of the land.

Question 6

(2) Capitulary of Saxony

Answer 6

Set laws of the empire for the church describing the harsh consequences put into place to protect the church. Had economic benefits, and gave the church power over land and other matters. Most punishments ended in death.

Question 7

(3) Waldensianism

Answer 7

Pinnacle of the heresy movement.

Question 8

(3) Cathars

Answer 8

Group of people that held dualist beliefs, believing that there is a good God and a bad God, as well as the god of Spirit and the god of Flesh.

Question 9

(3) Fourth Lateran Council

Answer 9

Example of how heresy is dealt with in the church, where heresy will not be tolerated. Trying to promote one unifying religion, and nothing else will be tolerated.

Question 10

(4) Henry IV

Answer 10

Excommunicated from the church, travels to Canossa because of that
Invades Rome in 1080p

Question 11

(4) Dictates of the Pope

Answer 11

Document that was never officially circulated, but was created around the conflict of Henry IV giving the Pope complete and utter control of the dominion.

Question 12

(5) Kaffa / Theodosia

Answer 12

Origin of the Black Plague

Trading

Question 13

(5) Kaffa / Theodosia

Answer 13

Origin of the Black Plague
Trading town centered in modern day Ukraine
Invaded by the Mongol armies that used biological warfare, catapulting dead bodies
Trade city spread the plague out through all of Europe
Conquered Europe in 7 years.

Question 14

(5) The Black Death

Answer 14

Decimated 3/4s of Europe’s population

1) Overpopulation
2) Environmental factors [famine, poor harvests, disasters]
3) Cultural Factors [1348 Jubilee Year]

Question 15

(5) “The Decameron”

Answer 15

Boccaccio’s belief that the Black Plague deteriorated the walls of society, and that everything around it faltered.
Families avoided contact with each other. Priests commenced all rituals, and eventually died from exposure.