Midterm #2

Question 1

types of input

Answer 1

arguments, cin&raquo_space;, and getline

Question 2

types of output

Answer 2

cout«

Question 3

argc

Answer 3

argument counts

Question 4

argv

Answer 4

argument variables

Question 5

how to compile a program

Answer 5

g++ -o example.out example.cpp

Question 6

how to run a program

Answer 6

./example.out (inline arguments)

Question 7

(./example.out 3 10 abc) agrc

Answer 7

4

Question 8

(./example.out 3 10 abc) argv

Answer 8

argv[0], argv[1], agrv[2], argv[3]

Question 9

(./example.out A B C 1 2)
argc?

Answer 9

6

Question 10

(./example.out A B C 1 2) argv[3]

Answer 10

c

Question 11

(./example.out A B C 1 2) argv[5]

Answer 11

2

Question 12

(./example.out A B C 1 2) argv[4] + argv[5]

Answer 12

we cannot have sum of two strings “1” + “2” is an invalid type of addition operator

Question 13

atoi (str)

Answer 13

convert str to an int value

Question 14

atof (str)

Answer 14

convert str to a double value

Question 15

cout«

Answer 15

displays a prompt to whoever is running the program

Question 16

std::

Answer 16

formal syntax (don’t need if “using namespace std”)

Question 17

cin»

Answer 17

whatever the user puts into the program (becomes a variable)

Question 18

getline()

Answer 18

if the variable you want contains a space

Question 19

getline() (written out)

Answer 19

getline (cin, variable with space)

Question 20

\

Answer 20

the back-slash

Question 21

"

Answer 21

double quote marks

Question 22

\t

Answer 22

a horizontal tab

Question 23

\n

Answer 23

new line

Question 24

std::endl

Answer 24

new line

Question 25

branching (tree)

Answer 25

if, switch

Question 26

if (tree)

Answer 26

if (){
}
if(){
}else{
}

Question 27

bool type

Answer 27

Range: True (1) or false(0)
&& - and
|| - or
! - not

Question 28

a==b==c

Answer 28

a==b && b==c

Question 29

a != b != c

Answer 29

a != b && a != c && b != c

Question 30

a > b > c

Answer 30

a > b && b > c

Question 31

a < b < c

Answer 31

a < b && b < c

Question 32

a in [b, c]

Answer 32

a >= b && a <= c

Question 33

a ∈ [b, c]

Answer 33

a >= b && a <= c

Question 34

a not in [b, c]

Answer 34

a < b || a > c

Question 35

a !∈ [b, c]

Answer 35

a < b || a > c

Question 36

one way if statement

Answer 36

if ( <Boolean-Expression> ){
<statement(s)>
}</Boolean-Expression>

Question 37

two ways if statement

Answer 37

if ( <Boolean-Expression> ){
statement(s) of "true" case
}else{
statement(s) of "false" case
}</Boolean-Expression>

Question 38

what can you use “if … else” for

Answer 38

to make multiple branches

Question 39

if … else multiple branches example

Answer 39

if(condition1){
// statement_block1
…
} else if(condition2){
// statement_block2
…
} else if(condition3){
// statement_block3
…
} else{// statement_block4
…
}

Question 40

common mistake of if statements

Answer 40

putting a semicolon after if expression, not using ==

Question 41

what can you use “switch … case” for

Answer 41

when there is more options than just true and false

Question 42

switch … case example

Answer 42

switch (integer-expression){
case Value 1:
// statement(s) for Case 1
…
break;
}
case Value2:
// statement(s) for case 2
…
break;
…
…
default:
// statement for default case
…
}

Question 43

what does (char) represent

Answer 43

a character data type that represents a single character

Question 44

what does (string) represent

Answer 44

a string data type that represents a sequence of characters

Question 45

what is a literal character

Answer 45

represented by single quotation marks (‘a’ ‘5’)

Question 46

message.length/message.size

Answer 46

shows the number of characters in a string

Question 47

what is a literal string

Answer 47

represented by double quotation marks (“5” “csc117”)

Question 48

stringname[index]

Answer 48

what a variable is a a certain position

Question 49

stringname[index] example

Answer 49

string s = “ABCD”;
s[0] = ‘P’;
cout &laquo_space;s[0] &laquo_space;endl;
// the output is “PBCD”

Question 50

while loop

Answer 50

writes out what ever is looped as many times as you tell it to

Question 51

while loop general example

Answer 51

while (condition){
// statement(s);
// loop body
}

Question 52

what are the beginning parts of every program

Answer 52

include <iostream></iostream>

#include <cmath>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;</cctype></cmath>

int main(int argc, char * argv[]){
}