Midterm #2 Flashcards
Manuel Ponce
- Late romantic and early modern composer
- From Mexico
- Euroclassical and pianist
- Felt very strong in his Mexican identity and sought to convey it in his music
- traveled to convey his concert works
wrote concierto del sur
Concierto del Sur 3rd movement
Written by Manuel Ponce
guitar and orchestra
evokes the south of either Spain or the U.S which is Mexico
melody and rhythm suggest folk music including dances from Spain and Mexico
concerto
Carlos Chavez
- Mexico’s leading composer of the 20th c - modern period
student of ponce
conductor and involved in government programs to promote mexican music
had close ties with composer Alex throughout the Americas
music often celebrates the culture
of Mexico’s Indigenous peoples, who occupied the lowest socio-economic stratum and were looked
down upon. In this sense, his music resembles the art of Diego Rivera whose paintings
and murals dignified these hardworking but oppressed people.
Sinfonía india
composed in New York City in 1935 for a radio concert
These materials include not only Native melodies but also instruments, including flutes
and drums
- celebrates the Native aspect of Mexican culture, and
this work is a classic example of a cultural movement known as Indigenismo
it is divided into five contrasting
sections. An animated opening gives way to an intensely lyrical section, a
faster section, another lyrical section, and then the work concludes with a bang
Silvestre Revueltas
- experimental composers Mexico produced in the first half of the twentieth century
music often evokes pre-Columbian and African cultures. This was a manifestation of a movement called Primitivism, which began in music with Stravinsky’s ballet The Rite of Spring , set in
pagan Russia and depicting a human sacrifice.
-
Sensemayá
sensemayá is the title of a poem by the revolutionary Cuban poet
Nicolás Guillén (1902-89), and it is an evocation of an Afro-Cuban ritual
in which a snake is killed while the celebrants chant “sensemayá.”
conveys its subject by the use of highly syncopated and irregular rhythms (for instance, a meter with 7 beats to the measure),
striking dissonances, and its emphasis on wind and percussion
instruments rather than strings.
Salvador Ley
Guatemalan pianist and composer
pursued advanced musical studies in Europe, in his case, Berlin
composed in a variety of genres, especially art songs (songs
intended for concert performance)
modernist
wrote Balada del Tiempo which expresses regret for a misspent youth: “Ay, mi loca juventud” (O,
my crazy youth!) is the refrain
derives its musical inspiration from the folk
music of Guatemala, especially in its rhythms
Ernesto Lecuona
lecuona was a great Cuban pianist, bandleader, and composer whose many works draw their
inspiration from popular music and dance, whether of Cuba, Spain, or the U.S
La conga de media noche
The conga is both an Afro-Cuban type of upright membranophone and also a style of popular
dance with a distinctive rhythm
his orchestral evocation of the joyous dance evokes Carnival season at midnight (media
noche), when the conga (and its relative the comparsa) is done by people celebrating anywhere
and everywhere.
displays Lecuona’s great skill at writing effectively for the orchestra,
creating a musical canvas that is at once sophisticated but also appealing and accessible.
Jaime León
From Columbia
European classical music
active throughout the Americas and Europe as a conductor as well as a
composer. He wrote about 70 art songs, i.e., songs for piano and voice intended to be performed in
concerts
La Campesina
It tells a short story about a young peasant girl who
rests from her toil in the fields. Her spirits are lifted when she hears in the distance the strains of a
type of Andean song and dance called the bambuco. León cleverly mimics its rhythms and suggests
the sound of the guitar used to accompany it by employing a chord made up of the pitches of the
guitar’s open strings:
modern period
El Sistema
system” of free national
music education that has produced amazing performers in Venezuela
Antonio Lauro
Venezuela
Antonio Lauro actually started out studying piano and violin, but after his exposure to
classical guitar, he devoted himself to that instrument
He went on to be an influential
concert artist and teacher
wrote several wonderful works for the guitar,
among them a suite of pieces inspired by his homeland, the Suite venezolana.
Antonio Carlos Gomes (1836-96)
from Brazil
his studies in Italy were funded by the Brazilian government. He
became famous for his opera Il Guarany (1870)
Il Guarany (1870)
opera
The Guarani are a group of indigenous peoples in Brazil, and
this opera tells the story of the love of Peri, a Guarani man, for Ceci, the daughter of a Portuguese nobleman.
The opera thus glorifies the formation of the Brazilian race through the union of the Amerindian and the
European.
romantic genre
