Midterm 2 Flashcards
Average Longevity
Age at which half the individuals born in a particular year will die
What age group is the fastest growing?
85+
Maximum Longevity
oldest age one can possibly live
ethnic differences in health
immigrants are usually healthier b/c of screening processes
other factors affecting longevity
genetics (20-30%)
environment (health care, food, water, dangerous areas)
leading cause of injury and death in older adults
falls - due to arthritis, stairs, minimal balance
2 components to disability
ADLs (personal hygiene)
IADLs (shopping, banking, cooking, medication)
Medical Disability model
disability is caused by disease and poor health
social disability model
disability is a socially created problem
WHO-ICF model
disability is a mix of poor health/disease and a socially created problem
Verbrugge/Jette model for disability
sociocultural factors
personals factors
risk factors
intervention strategies
what is important for quality of life
finances, health, spiritual well-being, sense of control, dignity, community
Rowe/Kahn successful aging model
the avoidance of disease and disability (maintain cognitive and physical function)
Baltes successful aging model
aging is heterogenous
marked by selective optimization with compensation
how is canada aging
has more individuals 65+ than children 14 and younger
Alberta is the youngest province
atlantic provinces are the oldest (nova scotia, newfoundland)
countries with the most dementia
japan
usa
canada
western europe (germany/france)
norwat/sweden
infectious diseases ppl are more likely to die from
influenza
pneumonia
UTIs
covid
sepsis
common causes for hospitalization
falls
disability
cardiovascular
orthopedic issues
neurological issues
vascular dementia symptoms
cognitive decline
difficulty planning
memory impairment
mood changes
speech problems
motor impairment
alzheimer’s symptoms
memory loss
confusion on time/place
decreased judgement
misplacing items
difficulty with familiar tasks
frontotemporal dementia symptoms
behaviour (personality change, loss of empathy)
language (speech impairments, semantic impairment)
dementia in general symptoms
memory loss,
cognitive decline
communication difficulties
impaired judgement
disorientation
most common type of dementia
alzheimer’s disease
vascular dementia physiology
cerebral-vascular accident (rupture in body that makes its way to the brain)
small vessel disease
fronto-temporal dementia
brain atrophy
abnormal proteins accumulating
neurotransmitter changes
impact on bx and personality
alzheimer’s physiology
amyloid plaques (cut off in wrong part and forms outside the neuron)
neurofibrillary tangles (inside neuron, tau collapses and twists into strands, neuron dies)
diagnostic challenges for ALZ
GPs are busy so long waitlist
lack of treatment
label gets slapped on people
lack of training
ALZ risk factors
age
women
genetics
DEM risk factors
age
genetics
gender
physical inactivity
unhealthy
cardiovascular risk factors
cause of psychosis
dementia
deliruium
medication side effects
psychiatric disorders
neurological conditions
why migrate in old age
help their kids
raise grandkids
challenges to migrate in old age
loss of status
decision making
financial dependence
linguistic barriers
social security agreement
pensions will be sent between countries
no agreement with china, india, philippines
who has the most mental health issues
refugees - due to circumstances
maturity principle
tend to be more successful in professional and personal lives
mean level change measurement
personality traits do continue to change
rank order change measurement
conscientiousness and agreeable showed more rank order change
problems - masks individual changep
personality traits associated with aging
low conscientiousness - high mortality
conscientiousness promotes heath and longevity
neurotic - experience more stress
mid-life crisis
think of it as a time of reflection
first person to look at development across the lifespan
G. Stanley Hall
