Midterm 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Helicases

A

An enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks

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2
Q

Topoisomerase

A

Enzyme which helps relieve the strain and pressure of the untwisting double helix

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3
Q

Primer

A

A short nucleic acid sequence that provides a starting point for DNA synthesis.

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4
Q

Primase

A

Enzyme which acts as a primer

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5
Q

DNA Polymerase

A

An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA by adding nucleotides to the 3′ end of a preexisting chain.

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6
Q

Okazaki Fragment

A

Short sequences of DNA nucleotides which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase

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7
Q

DNA Ligase

A

Joins the fragments together after RNA nucleotides have been replaced with DNA nucleotides

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8
Q

Telomere

A

DNA–protein structures found at both ends of each chromosome, protect the genome from nucleolytic degradation, unnecessary recombination, repair, and interchromosomal fusion. Telomeres therefore play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome.

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9
Q

What are the Purines

A

Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)

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10
Q

What are the pyrimidines?

A

Cytosine (C), Thymine (T) and Urasil (U)

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

How many rings do purines have?

A

2

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13
Q

How many rings do pyrimidines have?

A

1

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14
Q

What number carbon of atoms is the nitrogenous base bonded to?

A

1’

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15
Q

What number carbon of atoms is the next nucleotide bonded to?

A

3’

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16
Q
A