midterm 2

Question 1

physical property

Answer 1

property observed in the appearance of a structure without any change in its composition

Question 2

size of an atom

Answer 2

volume containing about 90% of the electron density

Question 3

atomic radius

Answer 3

half the distance between the two nucleuses of two atoms

Question 4

ionization energy

Answer 4

minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom in gaseous state

Question 5

electron affinity

Answer 5

energy change that happens when an electron is added to a gaseous atom to negative ion

Question 6

IE exceptions

Answer 6

half or fully filled p orbitals
fully filled s orbitals

Question 7

electronegativity

Answer 7

the ability of one of the atoms in a covalent bond to attract the shared electron density towards itself

Question 8

ionic bond

Answer 8

electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in an ionic compound (electrons are transferred)

Question 9

covalent bond

Answer 9

mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms

Question 10

lattice energy

Answer 10

the energy required to completely separate 1 mol of solid ionic compound into its gaseous states

Question 11

bond order

Answer 11

number of bonds between two atoms

Question 12

bond length

Answer 12

distance between the nuclei of the two bonded atoms

Question 13

bond energy

Answer 13

quantity of energy required to break 1 mol of bonds