Midterm (1st crusade)

Question 1

Battle of Manzikurt

Answer 1

1071 - Major Byzantine defeat, calls for help from western pope

Question 2

Shaizer

Answer 2

In Syria, attacked by Crusader and Byzantine forces in 1138

Question 3

Pope Urban II

Answer 3

(c. 1042-1099): Called for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095

Question 4

Godfrey of Bouillon

Answer 4

(c. 1060-1100): One of the leaders of the First Crusade, became Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre

Question 5

Raymond IV of Toulouse

Answer 5

(c. 1041-1105): Prominent leader in the First Crusade and played a key role in the siege of Antioch.

Question 6

Bohemond of Taranto

Answer 6

(c. 1058-1111): Led the siege of Antioch and played a crucial role in the capture of the city.

Question 7

Baldwin I of Jerusalem

Answer 7

(c. 1058-1118): Became the first king of Jerusalem, succeeds Godfrey

Question 8

Zengi

Answer 8

(c. 1084-1146): Ruler of Mosul and Aleppo, Takes Edessa in 1144/46

Question 9

Nur ad-Din

Answer 9

(r. 1146-1176) Son of Zengi, continued his father’s efforts to unite Muslim forces against the Crusaders.

Question 10

Bernard of Clairvaux

Answer 10

(1090-1153): Prominent French abbot and influential figure in promoting the Second Crusade.

Question 11

Vaszelay

Answer 11

1146, persuades Louis to crusade

Question 12

Pope Eugene III

Answer 12

r. 1145-1153 Pope who supported and sanctioned the Second Crusade.

Question 13

Louis VII of France

Answer 13

r. 1137-1180 King of France who led the French contingent of the Second Crusade.

Question 14

Immediate issues with crusader states

Answer 14

Supply lines, repopulation, primogenitor

Question 15

Baldwin II

Answer 15

r. 1118 - 1131 King of Jerusalem, only has daughters

Question 16

Melisande

Answer 16

r. 1131-1153 Daughter of Baldwin II, marries Fulk de Anjou

Question 17

Council of Nablus

Answer 17

1120, we must stay holy or we will lose the holy land